尼日尔三角洲与南海北部陆坡地貌及沉积样式
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摘要
利用地震资料对尼日尔三角洲与琼东南盆地陆坡深水区的地貌特征及沉积样式进行了对比。研究发现,缺少大套塑性泥岩层和物源供给相对较弱是琼东南盆地陆坡区未形成大量重力逆冲褶皱的主要原因;两地区构造和沉积特征的差异决定了两者勘探目标不同,尼日尔三角洲陆坡深水区应以构造或构造岩性复合圈闭为主,而琼东南盆地陆坡深水区应以隐蔽性圈闭勘探为主;陆坡沉积层序演化模式以低位体系域和水进—高位体系域为特征,该模式为深水油气勘探寻找储层及储盖评价提供了理论依据。研究成果对深水油气勘探的储层预测及储盖组合评价具有一定的指导意义。
The study on topography and sedimental style of continental slop in Niger delta and Qiongdongnan Basin is important to exploration.In this paper,the seismic data are used to analyze topography and sedimental style of deepwater slope in Niger delta and Qiongdongnan Basin.As shown in this paper,the main reasons for the absence of gravity thrust folds on continental slop in Qiongdongnan Basin are there are less plastic shale and relative scarce sources;there are differences in structure style and sedimental pattern between the two areas.The structural traps or structure-subtle traps will become main targets of the deepwater exploration in Niger delta.But,attention should be payed to subtle traps in Qiongdongnan Basin.Model of dichotomy in sequence evolution is built up.The model can be meaningful for hydrocarbon hunting and cap rock evaluate ration in deepwater environment.
The study on topography and sedimental style of continental slop in Niger delta and Qiongdongnan Basin is important to exploration.In this paper,the seismic data are used to analyze topography and sedimental style of deepwater slope in Niger delta and Qiongdongnan Basin.As shown in this paper,the main reasons for the absence of gravity thrust folds on continental slop in Qiongdongnan Basin are there are less plastic shale and relative scarce sources;there are differences in structure style and sedimental pattern between the two areas.The structural traps or structure-subtle traps will become main targets of the deepwater exploration in Niger delta.But,attention should be payed to subtle traps in Qiongdongnan Basin.Model of dichotomy in sequence evolution is built up.The model can be meaningful for hydrocarbon hunting and cap rock evaluate ration in deepwater environment.
引文
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[15]Doust H,Omatsola E.Niger Delta in divergent/passive margin basins[C]//Edwards J D,Santogrossi P A.AAPG Memoir48,1990.
[16]何家雄,施小斌,夏斌,等.南海北部边缘盆地油气勘探现状与深水油气资源前景[J].地球科学进展,2007,22(3):261-270.
[17]茹克.南海北部边缘叠合式盆地的发育及其大地构造意义[J].石油与天然气地质,1988,9(1):22-31.
[18]李磊,王英民,黄志超,等.尼日尔三角洲深水区层序地层及地震相研究[J].沉积学报,2008,26(3):66-75.
[19]李磊,王英民,张莲美,等.尼日尔三角洲坡脚逆冲带构造样式及构造控制[J].地球科学(中国地质大学学报),2008,33(5):643-650.
[20]王存武,陈红汉,陈长民,等.珠江口盆地深水扇识别和油气成藏关键要素[J].西南石油大学学报,2007,29(3):12-16.
[22]苏朝光,刘怀山,王树华,等.深水浊积扇成藏地质条件及地震描述技术[J].天然气工业,2008,28(4):33-36.
[22]吴昌荣,彭大均,庞雄,等.南海珠江深水扇系统的沉积构造背景分析[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2006,33(3):221-227.
[2]杨川恒,杜栩,潘和顺,等.国外深水领域油气勘探新进展及我国南海北部陆坡深水区油气勘探潜力[J].地学前缘,2000,7(3):247-256.
[3]Beaubouef R T,Friedmann S J.High-resolution seismic/sequence stratigraphic framework for the evolution of Pleistocene intra slope basins,western Gulf of Mexico:Depositional models and reservoir analogs[C]//Weimer P,Slatt R M,Coleman J,et al.Deep-water reservoirs of the world:Gulf Coast Section.SEPM20th Annual Re-search Conference,2000.
[4]Deptuck M E,Steffans G S,Barton M,et al.Architecture and evolution of upper fan channel-belts on the Niger Delta slope and in the Arabian Sea[J].Marine and Petro-leum Geology,2003(20):649-676.
[5]Davies R J.Kilometer-scale fluidization structures formed during early burial ofa deep-water slope channel on the Niger Delta[J].Geology,2003,31(11):949-952.
[6]Fonnesu F.3-D seismic images of a low-sinuosity slope channel and related depositional lobe(west Africa deep-offshore)[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2003(20):615-629.
[7]Posamentier HW,Kolla V.Seismic geomorphology and stra-tigraphy of depositional elements in deep-water settings[J].Journal of Sedimentary Research,2003(73):367-388.
[8]Adeogba A A,McHargue TR,Graham S A.Transient fan architecture and depositional controls from near-surface3-D seismic data,Niger Delta continental slope[J].AAPG Bulletin,2005,89(5):627-643.
[9]Moscardelli L,Wood L,Mann P.Mass-transport comple-xes and associated processes in the offshore area of Trin-idad and Venezuela[J].AAPG Bulletin,2006,90(7):1059-1088.
[10]Mutti E,Normark W R.An integrated approach to the study of turbidite systems[C]//Weimer P,Link M H.Seismic facies and sedimentary processes of submarine fans and turbidite systems.New York:Springer-Verlag,1991.
[11]Galloway W E.Siliciclastic slope and base-of-slope dep-ositional systems:component facies,stratigraphic archi-tecture,and classification[J].AAPG Bulletin,1998,82(4):569-595.
[12]佩顿.地震地层学[M].牛毓荃,徐怀大,陈俊生,等,译.北京:石油工业出版社,1980.
[13]Prather B E,Booth J R,Steffens G S,et al.Classifica-tion,lithologic calibration,and stratigraphic succession of seismic facies of intraslope basins,deep-water Gulf of Mexico[J].AAPG Bulletin,1998,82(5A):701-728.
[14]Cronin B,Owen D,Hartley A,et al.Slumps,debris flows and sandy deep-water channel systems:Implications forthe application of sequence stratigraphy to deep water clastic sediments[J].Journal of the Geological Society,1998,155:429-432.
[15]Doust H,Omatsola E.Niger Delta in divergent/passive margin basins[C]//Edwards J D,Santogrossi P A.AAPG Memoir48,1990.
[16]何家雄,施小斌,夏斌,等.南海北部边缘盆地油气勘探现状与深水油气资源前景[J].地球科学进展,2007,22(3):261-270.
[17]茹克.南海北部边缘叠合式盆地的发育及其大地构造意义[J].石油与天然气地质,1988,9(1):22-31.
[18]李磊,王英民,黄志超,等.尼日尔三角洲深水区层序地层及地震相研究[J].沉积学报,2008,26(3):66-75.
[19]李磊,王英民,张莲美,等.尼日尔三角洲坡脚逆冲带构造样式及构造控制[J].地球科学(中国地质大学学报),2008,33(5):643-650.
[20]王存武,陈红汉,陈长民,等.珠江口盆地深水扇识别和油气成藏关键要素[J].西南石油大学学报,2007,29(3):12-16.
[22]苏朝光,刘怀山,王树华,等.深水浊积扇成藏地质条件及地震描述技术[J].天然气工业,2008,28(4):33-36.
[22]吴昌荣,彭大均,庞雄,等.南海珠江深水扇系统的沉积构造背景分析[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2006,33(3):221-227.
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