光纤光栅埋地管道滑坡区监测技术及应用
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摘要
长输油气管道沿线的滑坡灾害严重威胁着管道安全。传统滑坡监测手段存在监测组网、数据自动采集困难等问题;光纤传感技术已大量应用于滑坡监测,但是光纤光栅传感技术还未见应用于滑坡的监测中。通过设计的基于光纤光栅传感技术的系列传感器,构建了一套可同时监测管体应变、管土界面压力、滑坡体表面位移以及深部位移的埋地管道滑坡远程监测预警系统。在四川省境内的一特大型滑坡区建立了监测预警示范站。该监测站成功监测到了汶川地震对滑坡及管道的影响。对汶川大地震前后的监测数据分析表明,该光纤光栅监测系统能满足管道滑坡监测的要求,易于布网,成本低,监测精度高,地下长期稳定性好。
The safety of long-distance oil and gas pipelines is seriously threatened by landslides.The traditional methods of monitoring are not convenient to establish sensing network and realize automatic data acquisition.The fiber sensing technology has been widely applied in landslide deformation monitoring.However,the fiber brag grating(FBG) sensors haven’t been used in landslide monitoring.Based on the FBG sensors,a remote monitoring and early-warming system for landslides and associated pipelines is put forward.It can monitor pipeline strain,soil-pipeline contact pressure,landslide surface deformation and landslide inner deformation simultaneously.A monitoring station using this system is established to monitor a huge slowly moving landslide and the pipelines affected by it in Sichuan Province.The station collected the deformation data during Wenchuan earthquake successfully.The analysis of monitoring results indicates that because of many advantages such as high flexibility to develop sensing network,low cost,high precision and long-term stability underground,the FBG system is suitable to monitor landslides and associated pipelines.
The safety of long-distance oil and gas pipelines is seriously threatened by landslides.The traditional methods of monitoring are not convenient to establish sensing network and realize automatic data acquisition.The fiber sensing technology has been widely applied in landslide deformation monitoring.However,the fiber brag grating(FBG) sensors haven’t been used in landslide monitoring.Based on the FBG sensors,a remote monitoring and early-warming system for landslides and associated pipelines is put forward.It can monitor pipeline strain,soil-pipeline contact pressure,landslide surface deformation and landslide inner deformation simultaneously.A monitoring station using this system is established to monitor a huge slowly moving landslide and the pipelines affected by it in Sichuan Province.The station collected the deformation data during Wenchuan earthquake successfully.The analysis of monitoring results indicates that because of many advantages such as high flexibility to develop sensing network,low cost,high precision and long-term stability underground,the FBG system is suitable to monitor landslides and associated pipelines.
引文
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[2]SORENSEN Michelle L.Pipeline maintenance in geotechnically unstable areas:a case study[C]//2000 International Pipeline Conference(Volume 1),ASME,2000.
[3]KIEFNER J F,TUTEN J M,WALL T A.Preventing pipeline failures in areas of soil movement:part 1,state of the art–a report of 1985 activities[R].Report to the Pipe Research Supervisory Committee of Pipeline Research Council International,Inc.
[4]HILL K O,FUJII Y,et al.Photosensitivity in optical fiber waveguides:application to reflection filter fabrication[J].Appl Phys Lett,1978,32(15):647–649.
[5]KERSEY Alan D.Multiplexed fiber optic sensors,SPIE[C]//1992,1797:161–185.
[6]MOREY William W.Recent advances in fiber grating sensors[C]//SPIE 1996,2594:90–98.
[7]赵勇.光纤光栅传感技术[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2007.(ZHAO Yong.Optical fiber gratings and sensing technology[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2007.(in Chinese))
[8]胡志新,朱军,张陵.新型高准确度光纤光栅压力传感系统[J].光子学报,2006,35(5):709–711.(HU Zhi-xin,ZHU Jun,ZHANG Ling.A new type of fiber grating pressure sensing system with high accuracy[J].Acta Photonica Sinica,2006,35(5):709–711.(in Chinese))
[9]AGRAWAL Govind P.非线性光纤光学原理及应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2005.(AGRAWAL Govind P.Principles&application of nonlinear fiber optics[M].Beijing:Publishing House and Electronics Industry,2005.(in Chinese))
[10]ANDERSON D Z,MIZRAHI V,et al.,Production of in-fibre gratings using a diffractive optical element[J].Eletronics Letters,1993,29(6):566–568.
[11]周平根.滑坡监测的指标体系与技术方法[J].地质力学学报,2004(1):19–26.(Zhou Ping-gen.Indicator system and techniques of landslide monitoring[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2004(1):19–26.(in Chinese))
[12]曾辉,余尚江.岩土应力传感器设计和使用原则[J].岩土工程学报,1994,16(1):93–95.(ZENG Hui,YU Shang-jiang.Principles of design and use of geotechnical stress sensors[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1994,16(1):93–95.(in Chinese))
[13]VIJAYVERGIYA V N.Load-movement characteristics of piles[C]//Proc 4th Annual Symposium of the Waterways,Ports,Costal and Ocean Division of American Society of Civil Engineers,1977:269–284.
[14]过镇海.混凝土的强度和变形(试验基础和本构关系)[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1997.(GUO Zhen-hai.Strength and deformation of concrete(experimental basis and constitutive relations)[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,1997.(in Chinese))
[15]HUANG An-bin,MA Ji-ming,ZHANG Bai-shan,et al.Ground movement monitoring using an optic fiber bragg grating sensored system[C]//Proceedings of 3rd International Conference on Earthquake Engineering,Nanjing,China,October 19–20,2004.
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