三峡库区千将坪滑坡地质力学模型试验研究
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摘要
通过以微震和百分表位移为主要试验量测手段的地质力学模型试验,对三峡库区千将坪滑坡进行滑坡机制和利用微地震监测预报预警岩质滑坡的可行性研究。试验结果表明,蓄水前的强降雨对滑坡稳定性影响微弱或基本无影响,水库蓄水引起的浮托力作用仅使滑坡产生蠕滑变形,滑带被水浸泡弱化强度降低是滑坡真正的致滑原因。试验记录的微震事件较清晰地反映滑坡变形破裂破坏过程,并揭示滑带破裂贯通总体上具有自滑坡前缘逐步向滑坡中部发展的规律,从试验角度论证利用微地震监测预报预警岩质滑坡的可行性。
A geomechanical model experiment on Qianjiangping landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir area is conducted. Taking microseism and centigrade meters as the main experiment gauging methods,the mechanism of the landslide is studied and the feasibility of landslide is forecast by micro-seismic monitoring. The experimental results show that the strong rainfall before the initial reservoir impoundment period has little influence on the landslide stability;and the uplifting pressure due to the reservoir water will only induce the creeping of landslide,while the shear strength reduction of slippery zone by attenuation of water immersion is the true failure cause of the landslide. The microseismic events achieved from the experiment display the distortion-breakage-destruction process of landslide clearly,revealing the slippery zone destruction process that is from the toe to the middle of landslide;and the feasibility of landslide forecast by microseismic monitoring is verified.
A geomechanical model experiment on Qianjiangping landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir area is conducted. Taking microseism and centigrade meters as the main experiment gauging methods,the mechanism of the landslide is studied and the feasibility of landslide is forecast by micro-seismic monitoring. The experimental results show that the strong rainfall before the initial reservoir impoundment period has little influence on the landslide stability;and the uplifting pressure due to the reservoir water will only induce the creeping of landslide,while the shear strength reduction of slippery zone by attenuation of water immersion is the true failure cause of the landslide. The microseismic events achieved from the experiment display the distortion-breakage-destruction process of landslide clearly,revealing the slippery zone destruction process that is from the toe to the middle of landslide;and the feasibility of landslide forecast by microseismic monitoring is verified.
引文
[1]罗先启,肖诗荣.三峡库区千将坪滑坡形成机制研究[R].宜昌:三峡大学,2007.(LUO Xianqi,XIAO Shirong.Mechanism research onQianjiangping landslide,Three Gorges reservoir area[R].Yichang:China Three Gorges University,2007.(in Chinese))
[2]文宝萍.千将坪滑坡滑带与滑坡牵引区软弱带发育特征及其变化规律综合研究[R].北京:中国地质大学,2007.(WEN Baoping.Comprehensive study of slid zone and soft interlays of Qianjiangping landslide,Three Gorges reservoir area[R].Beijing:China University of Geosciences,2007.(in Chinese))
[3]WANG F W,ZHANG Y M,HUO Z T,et al.The July14,2003,Qianjiangping landslide,Three Gorges reservoir,China[J].Landslides,2004,1(2):157–162.
[4]DAI F C,DENG J H,THAM L G,et al.A large landslide in Zigui County,Three Gorges area[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,2004,41(6):1233–1240.
[5]张业明,刘广润,常宏,等.三峡库区千将坪滑坡构造解析及启示[J].人民长江,2004,52(9):24–26.(ZHANG Yeming,LIU Guangrun,CHANG Hong,et al.Analysis of Qianjiangping landslide structure in Three Gorges reservoir area and revelation[J].Yangtze River,2004,52(9):24–26.(in Chinese))
[6]廖秋林,李晓,李守定,等.三峡库区千将坪滑坡的发生、地质地貌特征、成因及滑坡判据研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(17):3146–3153.(LIAO Qiulin,LI Xiao,LI Shouding,et al.Occurrence,geology and geomorphy characteristics and origin of Qianjiangping landslide in Three Gorges reservoir area and study of ancient landslide criterion[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(17):3146–3153.(in Chinese))
[7]王治华,杨日红.三峡水库区千将坪滑坡活动性质及运动特征[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2005,16(3):5–11.(WANG Zhihua,YANG Rihong.The activity characteristics and movement style of Qianjiangping landslide in Three Gorges reservoir region[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2005,16(3):5–11.(in Chinese))
[8]李会中,潘玉珍,王团乐.三峡库区千将坪滑坡成因与机制分析[J].人民长江,2006,37(7):12–20.(LI Huizhong,PAN Yuzhen,WANG Tuanle.Analysis of Qianjiangping landslide cause and mechanism in Three Gorges reservoir area[J].Yangtze River,2006,37(7):12–20.(in Chinese))
[9]刘才华,陈从新,冯夏庭.库水位上升诱发边坡失稳机制研究[J].岩土力学,2005,26(5):769–773.(LIU Caihua,CHEN Congxin,FENG Xiating.Study of mechanism of slope instability due to reservoir water level rise[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(5):769–773.(in Chinese))
[10]殷跃平,彭轩明.三峡库区千将坪滑坡失稳探讨[J].水文地质工程地质,2007,34(3):51–54.(YIN Yueping,PENG Xuanming.Failure mechanism of Qianjiangping landslide in the Three Gorges reservoir region[J].Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology,2007,34(3):51–54.(in Chinese))
[11]肖诗荣,刘德富,胡志宇.三峡库区千将坪滑坡地质力学模型研究[J].岩土力学,2007,28(7):1459–1464.(XIAO Shirong,LIU Defu,HU Zhiyu.Study on geomechanical model of Qianjiangping landslide,Three Gorges reservoir[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(7):1459–1464.(in Chinese))
[12]李守定,李晓,刘艳辉,等.千将坪滑坡滑带地质演化过程研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2008,35(2):18–23.(LI Shouding,LI Xiao,LIU Yanhui,et al.Geological evolution process of sliding zone in Qianjiangping landslide[J].Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology,2008,35(2):18–23.(in Chinese))
[13]文宝萍,申键,谭建明.水在千将坪滑坡中的作用机制[J].水文地质工程地质,2008,35(3):12–17.(WEN Baoping,SHEN Jian,TAN Jianming.Influence of water on occurrence of Qianjiangping landslide[J].Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology,2008,35(3):12–17.(in Chinese))
[14]邬爱清,丁秀丽,李会中,等.非连续变形分析方法模拟千将坪滑坡启动与滑坡全过程[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(7):1297–1303.(WU Aiqing,DING Xiuli,LI Huizhong,et al.Numerical simulation of startup and whole failure process of Qianjiangping landslide using discontinuous deformation analysis method[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(7):1297–1303.(in Chinese))
[15]罗先启,刘德富,吴剑,等.雨水及库水位作用下滑坡模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(14):2476–2483.(LUO Xianqi,LIU Defu,WU Jian,et al.Model test study of landslide under rainfall and reservoir water fluctuation[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(14):2476–2483.(in Chinese))
[16]刘波,罗先启,张振华.三峡库区千将坪滑坡模型试验研究[J].三峡大学学报(自然科学版),2007,29(2):124–128.(LIU Bo,LUO Xianqi,ZHANG Zhenhua.Model test study on Qianjiangping landslide of Three Gorges reservoir[J].Journal of China Three Gorges University(Natural Science),2007,29(2):124–128.(in Chinese))
[17]曹玲,罗先启,程圣国.千将坪滑坡模型试验相似材料研究[J].三峡大学学报(自然科学版),2007,29(1):39–45.(CAO Ling,LUO Xianqi,CHENG Shengguo.Research on similar material of physical model for Qianjiangping landslide[J]Journal of China Three Gorges University(Natural Science),2007,29(1):39–45.(in Chinese))
[2]文宝萍.千将坪滑坡滑带与滑坡牵引区软弱带发育特征及其变化规律综合研究[R].北京:中国地质大学,2007.(WEN Baoping.Comprehensive study of slid zone and soft interlays of Qianjiangping landslide,Three Gorges reservoir area[R].Beijing:China University of Geosciences,2007.(in Chinese))
[3]WANG F W,ZHANG Y M,HUO Z T,et al.The July14,2003,Qianjiangping landslide,Three Gorges reservoir,China[J].Landslides,2004,1(2):157–162.
[4]DAI F C,DENG J H,THAM L G,et al.A large landslide in Zigui County,Three Gorges area[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,2004,41(6):1233–1240.
[5]张业明,刘广润,常宏,等.三峡库区千将坪滑坡构造解析及启示[J].人民长江,2004,52(9):24–26.(ZHANG Yeming,LIU Guangrun,CHANG Hong,et al.Analysis of Qianjiangping landslide structure in Three Gorges reservoir area and revelation[J].Yangtze River,2004,52(9):24–26.(in Chinese))
[6]廖秋林,李晓,李守定,等.三峡库区千将坪滑坡的发生、地质地貌特征、成因及滑坡判据研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(17):3146–3153.(LIAO Qiulin,LI Xiao,LI Shouding,et al.Occurrence,geology and geomorphy characteristics and origin of Qianjiangping landslide in Three Gorges reservoir area and study of ancient landslide criterion[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(17):3146–3153.(in Chinese))
[7]王治华,杨日红.三峡水库区千将坪滑坡活动性质及运动特征[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2005,16(3):5–11.(WANG Zhihua,YANG Rihong.The activity characteristics and movement style of Qianjiangping landslide in Three Gorges reservoir region[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2005,16(3):5–11.(in Chinese))
[8]李会中,潘玉珍,王团乐.三峡库区千将坪滑坡成因与机制分析[J].人民长江,2006,37(7):12–20.(LI Huizhong,PAN Yuzhen,WANG Tuanle.Analysis of Qianjiangping landslide cause and mechanism in Three Gorges reservoir area[J].Yangtze River,2006,37(7):12–20.(in Chinese))
[9]刘才华,陈从新,冯夏庭.库水位上升诱发边坡失稳机制研究[J].岩土力学,2005,26(5):769–773.(LIU Caihua,CHEN Congxin,FENG Xiating.Study of mechanism of slope instability due to reservoir water level rise[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(5):769–773.(in Chinese))
[10]殷跃平,彭轩明.三峡库区千将坪滑坡失稳探讨[J].水文地质工程地质,2007,34(3):51–54.(YIN Yueping,PENG Xuanming.Failure mechanism of Qianjiangping landslide in the Three Gorges reservoir region[J].Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology,2007,34(3):51–54.(in Chinese))
[11]肖诗荣,刘德富,胡志宇.三峡库区千将坪滑坡地质力学模型研究[J].岩土力学,2007,28(7):1459–1464.(XIAO Shirong,LIU Defu,HU Zhiyu.Study on geomechanical model of Qianjiangping landslide,Three Gorges reservoir[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(7):1459–1464.(in Chinese))
[12]李守定,李晓,刘艳辉,等.千将坪滑坡滑带地质演化过程研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2008,35(2):18–23.(LI Shouding,LI Xiao,LIU Yanhui,et al.Geological evolution process of sliding zone in Qianjiangping landslide[J].Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology,2008,35(2):18–23.(in Chinese))
[13]文宝萍,申键,谭建明.水在千将坪滑坡中的作用机制[J].水文地质工程地质,2008,35(3):12–17.(WEN Baoping,SHEN Jian,TAN Jianming.Influence of water on occurrence of Qianjiangping landslide[J].Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology,2008,35(3):12–17.(in Chinese))
[14]邬爱清,丁秀丽,李会中,等.非连续变形分析方法模拟千将坪滑坡启动与滑坡全过程[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(7):1297–1303.(WU Aiqing,DING Xiuli,LI Huizhong,et al.Numerical simulation of startup and whole failure process of Qianjiangping landslide using discontinuous deformation analysis method[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(7):1297–1303.(in Chinese))
[15]罗先启,刘德富,吴剑,等.雨水及库水位作用下滑坡模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(14):2476–2483.(LUO Xianqi,LIU Defu,WU Jian,et al.Model test study of landslide under rainfall and reservoir water fluctuation[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(14):2476–2483.(in Chinese))
[16]刘波,罗先启,张振华.三峡库区千将坪滑坡模型试验研究[J].三峡大学学报(自然科学版),2007,29(2):124–128.(LIU Bo,LUO Xianqi,ZHANG Zhenhua.Model test study on Qianjiangping landslide of Three Gorges reservoir[J].Journal of China Three Gorges University(Natural Science),2007,29(2):124–128.(in Chinese))
[17]曹玲,罗先启,程圣国.千将坪滑坡模型试验相似材料研究[J].三峡大学学报(自然科学版),2007,29(1):39–45.(CAO Ling,LUO Xianqi,CHENG Shengguo.Research on similar material of physical model for Qianjiangping landslide[J]Journal of China Three Gorges University(Natural Science),2007,29(1):39–45.(in Chinese))
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