椭圆展开共反射点叠加方法的应用研究
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摘要
本文详细介绍了均匀介质条件下椭圆展开共反射点(CRP)叠加原理,并引入双参数(上行波与下行波的速度比和平均速度)来解决非均匀介质条件下的叠加成像,严密论证了所求得的速度是真正的共反射点叠加速度,并结合理论模型计算和地震资料处理证实,利用椭圆展开CRP方法可以对复杂地质剖面求取准确的共反射点叠加速度和正确的零偏移距剖面,得到的成像效果远优于传统共中心点(CMP)方法.
The paper introduces detailed principle of ellipse evolving Common Reflection Point(CRP)stack in the homogeneous media,and introduces two parameters(ratio of up-going wave velocity to down-going wave velocity and average velocity)for heterogeneous media.It reasons rigorously out that evaluated velocity is the real CRP stack velocity with practical geological meaning.The theoretical model computing and seismic data processing confirm that we can use ellipse evolving CRP stack to work out accurate CRP stack velocity and correct zero-offset section of complex geology section.And the effect of imaging is markedly superior to that of conventional Common Midpoint(CMP)method.
The paper introduces detailed principle of ellipse evolving Common Reflection Point(CRP)stack in the homogeneous media,and introduces two parameters(ratio of up-going wave velocity to down-going wave velocity and average velocity)for heterogeneous media.It reasons rigorously out that evaluated velocity is the real CRP stack velocity with practical geological meaning.The theoretical model computing and seismic data processing confirm that we can use ellipse evolving CRP stack to work out accurate CRP stack velocity and correct zero-offset section of complex geology section.And the effect of imaging is markedly superior to that of conventional Common Midpoint(CMP)method.
引文
[1]伊尔马兹.地震资料分析—地震资料处理、反演和解释.刘怀山等译.北京:石油工业出版社,2006Yil maz Z.Seismic Data Analysis:Processing,Inversion and Interpretation of Seismic Data(in Chinese).Translated by Liu HS et al.Beijing:PetroleumIndustry Press,2006
[2]Hale D.Dip moveout by Fourier transform.Geophysics,1984,49(6):741～757
[3]Derigovski S M,Rocca F.Geometrical optics and wave theory of constant offset sections in layered media.Geophysical Prospecting,1981,29:374～406
[4]Пузырев Н Н. Временные поля отра женных хволн и метод эффективныхпараметров.Новосибирск:Hayкa,1979Pusyrev N N.Time fields of reflected signals and method ofeffective parameters(in Russia).Novosibirsk:Nauka,1979
[5]Кондрашков В В.Получение временного разреза пособом эллиптической развертки иотражений(ЭРО).Региональная,полеваяипромысловаягеофизика,1977,20Kondrashkov V V.Time section construction by ellipse evolving.Regional,Fieldand Development Geophysics.(in Russia),1977,20
[6]杨锴,许士勇,王华忠等.倾角分解共反射面元叠加方法.地球物理学报,2005,48(5):1148～1155Yang K,Xu S Y,Wang H Z,et al.A method of dip decomposition common reflection surface stack.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(5):1148～1155
[7]杨锴,马在田.输出道成像方式的共反射面元叠加方法Ⅰ——理论.地球物理学报,2006,49(2):546～553Yang K,Ma Z T.Common reflection surface stack by an output imaging scheme.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(2):546～553
[8]杨锴,马在田,罗卫东.输出道方式的共反射面元叠加方法Ⅱ——实践.地球物理学报,2006,49(3):895～902Yang K,Ma Z T,Luo W D.Common reflection surface stack by the outplanat II:Practice.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(3):895～902
[9]张三宗,徐义贤.地震记录小波域高阶相关叠加技术.地球物理学报,2006,49(2):554～560Zhang S Z,Xu Y X.Higher-order correlative stacking for seismic data in the wavelet domain.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(2):554～560
[10]尤建军,常旭,刘伊克.VTI介质长偏移距非双曲动校正公式优化.地球物理学报,2006,49(6):1770～1778You J J,Chang X,Liu Y K.Optimization of nonhyperbolic moveout correction equation of long-offset seismic data in VTImedia.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(6):1770～1778
[11]陈雨红,魏修成.垂向非均匀介质中转换波转换点计算.地球物理学报,2007,50(4):1225～1231Chen Y H,Wei X C.Conversion points of converted wave in vertical inhomogeneous media.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(4):1225～1231
[12]赵爱华,张美根,丁志峰.横向各向同性介质中地震波走时模拟.地球物理学报,2006,49(6):1762～1769Zhao A H,Zhang M G,Ding Z F.Seismic traveltime computation for transversely isotropic media.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(6):1762～1769
[13]杨锴,马在田.关于共反射面元叠加方法在实际应用中的一些思考.地球物理学进展,2005,20(1):12～16Yang K,Ma Z T.Some thoughts on common reflection surface stack in practice.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2005,20(1):12～16
[14]李振春,孙小东,刘洪.复杂地表条件下共反射面元(CRS)叠加方法研究.地球物理学报,2006,49(6):1794～1801Li Z C,Sun X D,Liu H.Common reflection surface stackfor rugged surface topography.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(6):1794～1801
[15]КондрашковВВ.Теорияиметодикаэллиптическойразверткиотражений(ЭРО)дляпостроениявременныхразрезоввсложныхсейсмологическихусловиях.Москва:ВНИИгеофизика,1986Kondrashkov V V.Theory and methods of ellipse evolving for time-section construction in complicated seismological conditions(in Russia).Moscow:Geophysics Research Institute,1986
[16]Kondrashkov V V,Aniskovich E M.Basic principles of parametric evolvement of signal method(PRO)as universal technique of seismic data processing.Physics of the Earth,1998,(2):46～64
[17]КондрашковВВ,АнисковичЕМ,БогдановАИ.Методпараметрическойразверткиотображений(ПРО):отконцепциидообрабатывающейсистемыUNISEIS.Геофизика,1998,(4):21～29Kondrashkov V V,Aniskovich E M,Bogdanov A I.Parametric evolvement of signal method:fromconception to processing system UNISEIS.Geophysics(in Russia),1998,(4):21～29
[18]УруповАК,ЛевинАН.Определениеиинтерпретацияскоростейвметодеотраженныхволн.Москва:Недра,1985Urupov A K,Levin A N.Velocity measurements and interpretation in reflection method(in Russia).Moscow:Nedra,1985
[19]覃天.共反射面叠加及其波场属性在地震资料处理中的应用研究[博士学位论文].北京:中国地质大学,2007Qin T.Research and Application of Common Reflection Surface Stack and Its Attributes in Seismic Data Processing[Ph.D.thesis].Beijing:China University of Geosciences,2007
[20]符力耘,孙伟家,李东平.退化的Fourier偏移算子及其在复杂断块成像中的应用.地球物理学报,2007,50(4):1241～1250Fu L Y,Sun WJ,Li D P.Degenerate migrators for imaging fault-related complex structures.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(4):1241～1250
[21]程玖兵,马在田,耿建华等.双平方根单程波动方程叠前τ偏移方法.地球物理学报,2007,50(1):260～267Cheng J B,Ma Z T,Geng J H,et al.DSR one-way wave equation prestackτmigration.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(1):260～267
[22]刘定进,印兴耀.傅里叶有限差分法保幅叠前深度偏移方法.地球物理学报,2007,50(1):268～276Liu D J,Yin X Y.A method of Fourier finite-difference preserved-amplitude prestack depth migration.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(1):268～276
[23]刘礼农,高红伟,刘洪等.三维VTI介质中波动方程深度偏移的最优分裂Fourier方法.地球物理学报,2005,48(2):406～414Liu L N,Gao H W,Liu H,et al.Wave equation depth migration with optimumsplit-step Fourier methodin3-D VTI media.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(2):406～414
[24]吴庆举,李永华,张瑞青等.接收函数的克希霍夫2D偏移方法.地球物理学报,2007,50(2):539～545Wu QJ,Li Y H,Zhang R Q,et al.2D Kirchhoff migration for receiver function.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(2):539～545
[25]王昌龙,张叔伦,赵景霞等.基于控制照明的合成震源记录交互剩余偏移速度分析.地球物理学报,2007,50(3):860～867Wang C L,Zhang S L,Zhao J X,et al.Synthetic source recordinteractive residual migration velocity analysis based on controlledillumination.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(3):860～867
[26]陈生昌,马在田.广义地震数据合成及其偏移成像.地球物理学报,2006,49(4):1144～1149Chen S C,Ma Z T.Generalized synthesis of seismic data and its migration.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(4):1144～1149
[27]井西利,杨长春,王世清.一种改进的地震反射层析成像方法.地球物理学报,2007,50(6):1831～1836Jing X L,Yang C C,Wang S Q.Aimproved seismic reflection tomographic method.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(6):1831～1836
[28]周龙泉,刘福田,陈晓非.三维介质中速度结构和界面的联合成像.地球物理学报,2006,49(4):1062～1067Zhou L Q,Liu F T,Chen X F.Simultaneous tomography of3-Dvelocity structure andinterface.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(4):1062～1067
[29]秦义龙,张中杰,Shin Changsoo等.利用单频双程波动方程计算初至走时及其振幅.地球物理学报,2005,48(2):423～428Qin Y L,Zhang Z J,Shin Changsoo et al.First-arrival traveltime and amplitude calculation from monochromatic two-way wave equation in frequency domain.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(2):423～428
[30]徐升,Gilles Lambaré.复杂介质下保真振幅Kirchhoff深度偏移.地球物理学报,2006,49(5):1431～1444Xu S,Gilles Lambaré.True amplitude Kirchhoff prestack depth migrationin complex media.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(5):1431～1444
[2]Hale D.Dip moveout by Fourier transform.Geophysics,1984,49(6):741～757
[3]Derigovski S M,Rocca F.Geometrical optics and wave theory of constant offset sections in layered media.Geophysical Prospecting,1981,29:374～406
[4]Пузырев Н Н. Временные поля отра женных хволн и метод эффективныхпараметров.Новосибирск:Hayкa,1979Pusyrev N N.Time fields of reflected signals and method ofeffective parameters(in Russia).Novosibirsk:Nauka,1979
[5]Кондрашков В В.Получение временного разреза пособом эллиптической развертки иотражений(ЭРО).Региональная,полеваяипромысловаягеофизика,1977,20Kondrashkov V V.Time section construction by ellipse evolving.Regional,Fieldand Development Geophysics.(in Russia),1977,20
[6]杨锴,许士勇,王华忠等.倾角分解共反射面元叠加方法.地球物理学报,2005,48(5):1148～1155Yang K,Xu S Y,Wang H Z,et al.A method of dip decomposition common reflection surface stack.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(5):1148～1155
[7]杨锴,马在田.输出道成像方式的共反射面元叠加方法Ⅰ——理论.地球物理学报,2006,49(2):546～553Yang K,Ma Z T.Common reflection surface stack by an output imaging scheme.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(2):546～553
[8]杨锴,马在田,罗卫东.输出道方式的共反射面元叠加方法Ⅱ——实践.地球物理学报,2006,49(3):895～902Yang K,Ma Z T,Luo W D.Common reflection surface stack by the outplanat II:Practice.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(3):895～902
[9]张三宗,徐义贤.地震记录小波域高阶相关叠加技术.地球物理学报,2006,49(2):554～560Zhang S Z,Xu Y X.Higher-order correlative stacking for seismic data in the wavelet domain.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(2):554～560
[10]尤建军,常旭,刘伊克.VTI介质长偏移距非双曲动校正公式优化.地球物理学报,2006,49(6):1770～1778You J J,Chang X,Liu Y K.Optimization of nonhyperbolic moveout correction equation of long-offset seismic data in VTImedia.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(6):1770～1778
[11]陈雨红,魏修成.垂向非均匀介质中转换波转换点计算.地球物理学报,2007,50(4):1225～1231Chen Y H,Wei X C.Conversion points of converted wave in vertical inhomogeneous media.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(4):1225～1231
[12]赵爱华,张美根,丁志峰.横向各向同性介质中地震波走时模拟.地球物理学报,2006,49(6):1762～1769Zhao A H,Zhang M G,Ding Z F.Seismic traveltime computation for transversely isotropic media.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(6):1762～1769
[13]杨锴,马在田.关于共反射面元叠加方法在实际应用中的一些思考.地球物理学进展,2005,20(1):12～16Yang K,Ma Z T.Some thoughts on common reflection surface stack in practice.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2005,20(1):12～16
[14]李振春,孙小东,刘洪.复杂地表条件下共反射面元(CRS)叠加方法研究.地球物理学报,2006,49(6):1794～1801Li Z C,Sun X D,Liu H.Common reflection surface stackfor rugged surface topography.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(6):1794～1801
[15]КондрашковВВ.Теорияиметодикаэллиптическойразверткиотражений(ЭРО)дляпостроениявременныхразрезоввсложныхсейсмологическихусловиях.Москва:ВНИИгеофизика,1986Kondrashkov V V.Theory and methods of ellipse evolving for time-section construction in complicated seismological conditions(in Russia).Moscow:Geophysics Research Institute,1986
[16]Kondrashkov V V,Aniskovich E M.Basic principles of parametric evolvement of signal method(PRO)as universal technique of seismic data processing.Physics of the Earth,1998,(2):46～64
[17]КондрашковВВ,АнисковичЕМ,БогдановАИ.Методпараметрическойразверткиотображений(ПРО):отконцепциидообрабатывающейсистемыUNISEIS.Геофизика,1998,(4):21～29Kondrashkov V V,Aniskovich E M,Bogdanov A I.Parametric evolvement of signal method:fromconception to processing system UNISEIS.Geophysics(in Russia),1998,(4):21～29
[18]УруповАК,ЛевинАН.Определениеиинтерпретацияскоростейвметодеотраженныхволн.Москва:Недра,1985Urupov A K,Levin A N.Velocity measurements and interpretation in reflection method(in Russia).Moscow:Nedra,1985
[19]覃天.共反射面叠加及其波场属性在地震资料处理中的应用研究[博士学位论文].北京:中国地质大学,2007Qin T.Research and Application of Common Reflection Surface Stack and Its Attributes in Seismic Data Processing[Ph.D.thesis].Beijing:China University of Geosciences,2007
[20]符力耘,孙伟家,李东平.退化的Fourier偏移算子及其在复杂断块成像中的应用.地球物理学报,2007,50(4):1241～1250Fu L Y,Sun WJ,Li D P.Degenerate migrators for imaging fault-related complex structures.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(4):1241～1250
[21]程玖兵,马在田,耿建华等.双平方根单程波动方程叠前τ偏移方法.地球物理学报,2007,50(1):260～267Cheng J B,Ma Z T,Geng J H,et al.DSR one-way wave equation prestackτmigration.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(1):260～267
[22]刘定进,印兴耀.傅里叶有限差分法保幅叠前深度偏移方法.地球物理学报,2007,50(1):268～276Liu D J,Yin X Y.A method of Fourier finite-difference preserved-amplitude prestack depth migration.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(1):268～276
[23]刘礼农,高红伟,刘洪等.三维VTI介质中波动方程深度偏移的最优分裂Fourier方法.地球物理学报,2005,48(2):406～414Liu L N,Gao H W,Liu H,et al.Wave equation depth migration with optimumsplit-step Fourier methodin3-D VTI media.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(2):406～414
[24]吴庆举,李永华,张瑞青等.接收函数的克希霍夫2D偏移方法.地球物理学报,2007,50(2):539～545Wu QJ,Li Y H,Zhang R Q,et al.2D Kirchhoff migration for receiver function.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(2):539～545
[25]王昌龙,张叔伦,赵景霞等.基于控制照明的合成震源记录交互剩余偏移速度分析.地球物理学报,2007,50(3):860～867Wang C L,Zhang S L,Zhao J X,et al.Synthetic source recordinteractive residual migration velocity analysis based on controlledillumination.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(3):860～867
[26]陈生昌,马在田.广义地震数据合成及其偏移成像.地球物理学报,2006,49(4):1144～1149Chen S C,Ma Z T.Generalized synthesis of seismic data and its migration.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(4):1144～1149
[27]井西利,杨长春,王世清.一种改进的地震反射层析成像方法.地球物理学报,2007,50(6):1831～1836Jing X L,Yang C C,Wang S Q.Aimproved seismic reflection tomographic method.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(6):1831～1836
[28]周龙泉,刘福田,陈晓非.三维介质中速度结构和界面的联合成像.地球物理学报,2006,49(4):1062～1067Zhou L Q,Liu F T,Chen X F.Simultaneous tomography of3-Dvelocity structure andinterface.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(4):1062～1067
[29]秦义龙,张中杰,Shin Changsoo等.利用单频双程波动方程计算初至走时及其振幅.地球物理学报,2005,48(2):423～428Qin Y L,Zhang Z J,Shin Changsoo et al.First-arrival traveltime and amplitude calculation from monochromatic two-way wave equation in frequency domain.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(2):423～428
[30]徐升,Gilles Lambaré.复杂介质下保真振幅Kirchhoff深度偏移.地球物理学报,2006,49(5):1431～1444Xu S,Gilles Lambaré.True amplitude Kirchhoff prestack depth migrationin complex media.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(5):1431～1444
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