二、三维地震勘探方法在新疆奥塔北井田的应用
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摘要
奥塔北井田煤层多、埋藏浅,煤层结构及煤层厚度变化大,存在煤层对比困难、煤层露头难以控制等问题。为此将先期开采区块划分为二维区与三维区,其中二维区采用小道距、小炮距的观测系统,重点控制浅部地层倾角和煤层露头;三维区采用8线8炮、小CDP网格的观测系统,重点解决煤层结构问题。在后期的处理解释中,采用分频处理方法,以提高地震资料中的高频能量;利用波阻抗反演,进行煤层反射波标定,以提高煤层分叉合并与煤层夹矸的分辨能力。奥塔北井田先期开采区块勘探实例表明,二维与三维地震互补的勘探方法,对控制煤层露头、解释煤层分叉合并、确定煤层结构与煤层间关系等地质现象,具有较好的勘探效果。
The Aota north minefield possesses of multiple shallow buried coal seams with varied structure and thickness, thus hard to correlation and outcrop control. So, divided the prophase extracting block into 2D and 3D seismic prospecting areas, in which, 2D area uses small group interval and small shotpoint gap field setup, emphases upon shallow part strata dip angle and coal outcrop control; 3D area uses 8 line 8 shotpoint, small CDP grid field setup, emphases upon coal seam structure. During the later processing and interpretation, using scaling down processing, to improve high frequency energy in seismic data; using the wave impedance inversion carried out coal seam reflection wave calibration to improve differentiation of coal seam splitting, merging and gangue. The case study of prospecting in Aota north minefield prophase extracting block has shown that the complimentary prospecting method of 2D and 3D seismic has better effects on geological phenomena determination of coal seam outcrop control, coal seam splitting and merging interpretation, coal seam structure and relationship between coal seams etc.
The Aota north minefield possesses of multiple shallow buried coal seams with varied structure and thickness, thus hard to correlation and outcrop control. So, divided the prophase extracting block into 2D and 3D seismic prospecting areas, in which, 2D area uses small group interval and small shotpoint gap field setup, emphases upon shallow part strata dip angle and coal outcrop control; 3D area uses 8 line 8 shotpoint, small CDP grid field setup, emphases upon coal seam structure. During the later processing and interpretation, using scaling down processing, to improve high frequency energy in seismic data; using the wave impedance inversion carried out coal seam reflection wave calibration to improve differentiation of coal seam splitting, merging and gangue. The case study of prospecting in Aota north minefield prophase extracting block has shown that the complimentary prospecting method of 2D and 3D seismic has better effects on geological phenomena determination of coal seam outcrop control, coal seam splitting and merging interpretation, coal seam structure and relationship between coal seams etc.
引文
[1]陆基孟,等.地震勘探原理[M].中国石油大学出版社,2006.
[2]李庆忠.走向精确勘探的道路[M].石油工业出版社,1993.
[3]刘锋珍,等.变厚度倾斜薄煤层高效开采工艺研究[J].煤矿开采,2011,(2).
[4]范庆荣,张建州,王晶,等.三维地震勘探技术在新疆山区的应用效果[J].中国煤炭地质,2010,22(08).
[5]陈亮,刘威序,陈晶晶,等.新疆伊犁山区高分辨三维地震采集技术应用[J].中国煤炭地质,2012,24(05).
[6]刘兴金,陈召曦,白锦琳,等.地震勘探技术在新疆准东煤田的应用[J].中国煤炭地质,2010,22(06).
[2]李庆忠.走向精确勘探的道路[M].石油工业出版社,1993.
[3]刘锋珍,等.变厚度倾斜薄煤层高效开采工艺研究[J].煤矿开采,2011,(2).
[4]范庆荣,张建州,王晶,等.三维地震勘探技术在新疆山区的应用效果[J].中国煤炭地质,2010,22(08).
[5]陈亮,刘威序,陈晶晶,等.新疆伊犁山区高分辨三维地震采集技术应用[J].中国煤炭地质,2012,24(05).
[6]刘兴金,陈召曦,白锦琳,等.地震勘探技术在新疆准东煤田的应用[J].中国煤炭地质,2010,22(06).
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