南海神狐海域天然气水合物声波测井速度与饱和度关系分析
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摘要
利用南海北部神狐海域A站位的地震和测井资料综合分析神狐海域含天然气水合物沉积层的声波测井速度及水合物饱和度的分布特征和变化规律,并对水合物饱和度的理论计算值和实测值进行对比分析,同时对水合物稳定带的纵波速度特征与饱和度的关系进行了综合研究。结果表明:神狐海域A站位的水合物层厚度约20 m,纵波速度在1 873~2 226 m/s之间,水合物饱和度在15.0%~47.3%之间变化,水合物饱和度值相对较高;受海底复杂地质因素的影响,根据岩心孔隙水的氯离子淡化程度实测的水合物饱和度随声波速度的变化并不是单一的正比例关系,而是随声波速度的升高而上下波动,波动幅度在10%~20%之间,总体趋势上随声波速度的升高而升高,并集中分布在理论曲线附近;利用热弹性理论速度模型计算并校正后的水合物饱和度随声波速度的增加而有规律地增加,水合物饱和度的理论计算值与实测数据比较吻合,说明所建立的岩石物理模型正确,模型参数选取合理。根据声波速度计算水合物饱和度这一方法可扩展到整个研究区域,并为研究区的水合物资源量评价提供基础数据。
The distributing features and change of sonic logging velocity and gas hydrate saturation in gas hydrate-bearing sediments were summarized with seismic and well logging data,furthermore,a comparative study was conducted between the theoretical calculation and in-situ measurement of gas hydrate saturation in site A,Shenhu area,northern slope of South China Sea.The relationship between sonic velocity and gas hydrate saturation in gas hydrate stability zone has been analyzed,too.The analysis results show that:(1)the thickness,sonic velocity,and gas hydrate saturation of gas hydrate-bearing zone are about 20 m,1,873-2,226 m/s,15.0%-47.3%,respectively;(2)the in-situ measurement of gas hydrate saturation which was derived from the field test of the chloride content in pore water is not direct proportion to sonic velocity for the influence of seafloor geological factors,but fluctuates according to sonic velocity with the range of 10%-20%,and generally increases with increasing sonic velocity;(3)the calculated value of gas hydrate saturation from velocity model of heat elasticity theory regularly rises with increasing velocity.The fit relationship between the theoretical calculation and in-situ value of gas hydrate saturation indicates that the established rock physics model is correct,and the selected parameters of model are reasonable.This method can be extended to the total study area to provide valuable data for resource evaluation of gas hydrate.
The distributing features and change of sonic logging velocity and gas hydrate saturation in gas hydrate-bearing sediments were summarized with seismic and well logging data,furthermore,a comparative study was conducted between the theoretical calculation and in-situ measurement of gas hydrate saturation in site A,Shenhu area,northern slope of South China Sea.The relationship between sonic velocity and gas hydrate saturation in gas hydrate stability zone has been analyzed,too.The analysis results show that:(1)the thickness,sonic velocity,and gas hydrate saturation of gas hydrate-bearing zone are about 20 m,1,873-2,226 m/s,15.0%-47.3%,respectively;(2)the in-situ measurement of gas hydrate saturation which was derived from the field test of the chloride content in pore water is not direct proportion to sonic velocity for the influence of seafloor geological factors,but fluctuates according to sonic velocity with the range of 10%-20%,and generally increases with increasing sonic velocity;(3)the calculated value of gas hydrate saturation from velocity model of heat elasticity theory regularly rises with increasing velocity.The fit relationship between the theoretical calculation and in-situ value of gas hydrate saturation indicates that the established rock physics model is correct,and the selected parameters of model are reasonable.This method can be extended to the total study area to provide valuable data for resource evaluation of gas hydrate.
引文
[1]梁劲,王宏斌,龚跃华,等.西沙海槽BSR发育区热流值计算及其特征分析[J].南海地质研究,2004,16(1):105-114.
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[10]邓希光,付少英,黄永样,等.南海北部东沙群岛HD196站位地球化学特征及其对水合物的指示[J].现代地质,2006,20(1):92-102.
[11]蒋少涌,杨涛,薛紫晨,等.南海北部海区海底沉积物中孔隙水的Cl-和SO42-浓度异常特征及其对天然气水合物的指示意义[J].现代地质,2005,19(1):45-54.
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[24]梁劲,王宏斌,梁金强.Jason反演技术在天然气水合物速度分析中的应用[J].南海地质研究,2006,18(1):114-120.
[25]李正文,赵志超.地震勘探资料解释[M].北京:地质出版社,1988.
[26]甘华阳,王家生,陈建文,等.海底天然气水合物的饱和度预测技术[J].海相油气地质,2004,9(1):111-115.
[27]张光学,黄永样,陈邦彦.海域天然气水合物地震学[M].北京:海洋出版社,2003.
[28]王祝文,李舟波,刘菁华.天然气水合物的测井识别和评价[J].海洋地质和第四纪地质,2003,23(2):97-102.
[2]王宏斌,梁劲,龚跃华,等.基于天然气水合物地震数据计算南海北部陆坡海底热流[J].现代地质,2005,19(1):67-73.
[3]梁劲,王宏斌,郭依群.南海北部陆坡天然气水合物的地震速度研究[J].现代地质,2006,20(1):123-129.
[4]姚伯初,杨木壮,吴时国,等.中国海域的天然气水合物资源[J].现代地质,2008,22(3):333-341.
[5]苏新,陈芳,于兴河,等.南海陆坡中新世以来沉积物特性与气体水合物分布初探[J].现代地质,2005,19(1):1-13.
[6]王宏斌,黄永样,梁劲,等.南海北部陆坡坳隆断裂带中水合物赋存的温压场环境[J].现代地质,2006,20(1):103-108.
[7]刘学伟,李敏锋,张聿文,等.天然气水合物地震响应研究———中国南海HD152测线应用实例[J].现代地质,2005,19(1):23-38.
[8]宋海斌,吴时国,江为为.南海东北部973剖面BSR及其热流特征[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(5):1508-1517.
[9]祝有海,饶竹,刘坚,等.南海西沙海槽S14站位的地球化学异常特征及其意义[J].现代地质,2005,19(1):39-44.
[10]邓希光,付少英,黄永样,等.南海北部东沙群岛HD196站位地球化学特征及其对水合物的指示[J].现代地质,2006,20(1):92-102.
[11]蒋少涌,杨涛,薛紫晨,等.南海北部海区海底沉积物中孔隙水的Cl-和SO42-浓度异常特征及其对天然气水合物的指示意义[J].现代地质,2005,19(1):45-54.
[12]Domenico S N.Effect of brine-gas mixture on velocity in an un-consolidated sand reservoir[J].Geophysics,1976,41∶882-894.
[13]Domenico S N.Elastic properties of unconsolidated porous sandreservoirs[J].Geophysics,1977,42:339-368.
[14]郭自强.固体中的波[M].北京:地震出版社,1982.
[15]Ecker C,Dvorkin J,Nur A.Sediments with gas hydrates:In-ternal structure from seismic AVO[J].Geophysics,1998,63(5):1659-1669.
[16]Dvorkin J,Nur A,Yin H.Effective properties of cemented gran-ular material[J].Mechanics of Materials,1994,18:351-366.
[17]Gassmann F.Uber die Elastizitat poroser Medien[J].Viertel-jarhsschrift der Naturforsechenden Gesellshaft in Zurich,1952,96:1-21.
[18]王秀娟,刘学伟,吴时国.基于热弹性理论的水合物和游离气饱和度估算[J].石油物探,2005,44(6):546-550.
[19]宋海斌.天然气水合物的地球物理研究[M].北京:海洋出版社,2003.
[20]王秀娟,吴时国,郭旋,等.南海陆坡天然气水合物饱和度估计[J].海洋地质和第四纪地质,2005,25(3):89-95.
[21]王秀娟,吴时国,徐宁.地震属性参数在识别天然气水合物和游离气分布模式中的应用[J].海洋与湖沼,2006,37(3):271-279.
[22]王秀娟,吴时国,刘学伟.天然气水合物和游离气估算的影响因素[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(2):505-511.
[23]梁劲,王宏斌,赵志超.射线追踪法在南海天然气水合物速度分析中的应用[J].物探化探计算技术,2007,29(6):486-491.
[24]梁劲,王宏斌,梁金强.Jason反演技术在天然气水合物速度分析中的应用[J].南海地质研究,2006,18(1):114-120.
[25]李正文,赵志超.地震勘探资料解释[M].北京:地质出版社,1988.
[26]甘华阳,王家生,陈建文,等.海底天然气水合物的饱和度预测技术[J].海相油气地质,2004,9(1):111-115.
[27]张光学,黄永样,陈邦彦.海域天然气水合物地震学[M].北京:海洋出版社,2003.
[28]王祝文,李舟波,刘菁华.天然气水合物的测井识别和评价[J].海洋地质和第四纪地质,2003,23(2):97-102.
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