基于统计岩石物理学的直接岩石物理反演
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摘要
目前,统计岩石物理学已经成为量化地震储层描述的一种新方法。统计岩石物理学把确定性的岩石物理学关系与地质统计学结合起来,利用岩石物理学方程建立起储层参数和地震属性之间的联系,而统计技术被用于描述岩石物性转换时传递的不确定性及其空间变化。传统的结合地震数据的地质统计学方法是采用两步的序贯方法,其局限在于反演的弹性属性必须做油藏模型积分的时深转换。例如,岩石物理反演,由测井曲线建立油藏弹性模型,能够用到反演数据上,并不需要正确解释反演结果的带限属性,而序贯反演的工作流程往往不能够保证最终的油藏模型与地震数据完全一致。本文提出的直接岩石物理学方法,并不采用传统的序贯反演流程,其优势在于将深度转换进程结合到整个反演进程中,采用多尺度和多区域网格,收敛速度快,不确定性大大降低。
At present,statistical rock physics has emerged as an important new approach for quantitative seismic reservoir characterization.Deterministic rock physics relations were combined with geo-statistics by statistical rock physics.Link between reservoir parameters and seismic properties was established by rock physics equations,and statistical techniques are used to describe uncertainty of the rock physics transform and spatial variation.Generally,the traditional geo-statistics is adopted by two-step sequential approach.There is a limit,that inverted elastic attributes must be converted from time to depth for integration of reservoir model.For example,in rock-physics inversion,the PEM established by log curves is applied to the inverted data without correct interpretation of the band-limited nature of the inversion results.But workflows of sequential inversion often can not guarantee that the final reservoir model is fully consistent with the seismic data.In this paper,the direct rock physics method does not use the traditional sequential process,whose advantage is to integrate the depth conversion into the inversion processing by multi-scale and multi-domain stratigraphic grid.The convergence rate is quick,and the uncertainty is greatly reduced.
At present,statistical rock physics has emerged as an important new approach for quantitative seismic reservoir characterization.Deterministic rock physics relations were combined with geo-statistics by statistical rock physics.Link between reservoir parameters and seismic properties was established by rock physics equations,and statistical techniques are used to describe uncertainty of the rock physics transform and spatial variation.Generally,the traditional geo-statistics is adopted by two-step sequential approach.There is a limit,that inverted elastic attributes must be converted from time to depth for integration of reservoir model.For example,in rock-physics inversion,the PEM established by log curves is applied to the inverted data without correct interpretation of the band-limited nature of the inversion results.But workflows of sequential inversion often can not guarantee that the final reservoir model is fully consistent with the seismic data.In this paper,the direct rock physics method does not use the traditional sequential process,whose advantage is to integrate the depth conversion into the inversion processing by multi-scale and multi-domain stratigraphic grid.The convergence rate is quick,and the uncertainty is greatly reduced.
引文
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[2]肖斌,赵鹏大,侯景儒.地质统计学新进展[J].地球科学进展,2000,15(03):492-692
[3]张一伟,熊琦华,纪发华.地质统计学在油藏描述中的应用[M].东营:石油大学出版社,1992
[4]李黎,王永刚.地质统计学应用综述[J].勘探地球物理进展,2006,29(3):163-166
[5]Tapan Mukerji,Per Avesth,Gary Makvo,et al.Stastical rock phys-ics:Combining rock physics,information theory,and geostatistics to reduce uncertainty in seismic reservoir characterization[J].The Leading EAGE,2001,85(3):313-318
[6]Mukerji T,Makvo G,Avseth P,et al.Mapping lithofacies and pore-fluid probabilities in a North Sea reservoir:Seismic inversions and statiscal rock physics[J].Geophysics,2001,66(4):988-1001
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