内陆湖盆低渗透大油田石油富集规律与勘探技术
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摘要
鄂尔多斯地区中生代为典型的内陆坳陷型湖盆,河流-湖泊三角洲相碎屑岩沉积发育,湖相泥岩有机质丰富、砂岩储层大面积展布、储盖组合有利,是发现大型油田的有利盆地。但是,这种低渗透岩性油藏隐蔽性强、储集物性差、非均质性强、油水关系复杂,勘探难度大。近年来,针对内陆湖盆的地质特点和低渗透岩性油藏的勘探难点,通过多学科联合攻关,快速探明了以姬塬为代表的内陆湖盆低渗透大油田,取得了一系列地质认识的创新和勘探技术的新突破:综合地质研究进一步明确了鄂尔多斯内陆坳陷湖盆烃源岩生烃能力强;多类型三角洲砂体发育,并首次构建了大型退覆式三角洲沉积模式,丰富了内陆坳陷型湖盆的沉积地质理论;率先提出了幕式排烃、多种输导体系并存是多层系复合成藏的重要条件的新认识。在勘探实践中,形成了黄土塬地表条件下岩性油藏地震勘探配套技术系列,丰富了地球物理勘探理论和技术;集成应用了高精度测井、核磁测井等先进测井技术,首次提出了低孔渗储层的双孔隙结构导电模型,提高了油层的测井识别精度;自主研发了独具特色的适应于低渗透、超低渗透油层的高效压裂增产技术。这些勘探技术的应用推动了低渗透油气藏勘探理论的发展。
The Mesozoic stratum of Ordos basin is the typical lake basin of inland depression.It developed a set of clastic sedimentary of river and lake delta. Organic matter of lacustrine mudstone is rich,sandstone reservoirs extensive spreading,and the combination of reservoirs and cap rocks are beneficial.It's the beneficial basin for discovery large oilfield.However,this low permeability lithologic reservoirs have the characteristics of strong concealment,poor reservoir physical properties,strong heterogeneity,complex of oil-water contact,great difficulte for exploration.Recently,rapid proved the low permeability big oilfield in inland lake basin such as Jiyuan oilfield,thoroughly joint efforts of multi-sciences according to the geological characteristics of inland lake basin and exploration difficulty of low permeability lithologic reservoirs.Achieved a series of innovations of geological recognitions and new breakthrough of exploration technology.Definite the source rocks have high intensity oil generation ability of inland depression lake basin in Ordos basin.Ordos Basin has the oil generation condition of formed big oilfield.It is the first time constructed the sedimentary model of large offlap type delta.Enriched the sedimentary geological theory of inland depression lake basin.Present the new recognition that episodic hydrocarbon and many passage systems are the important conditions of more stratum hydrocarbon accumulation.Formed seismic exploration matching technology of lithologic reservoirs in the loess tableland surface condition.Enriched the geophysical exploration theory and technology.Integrated application the advanced logging technology of high precision logging and nuclear magnetic logging.First proposed dual porosity structure conduction model of low permeability and low porosity reservoirs.Improved the logging recognition accuracy of oil reservoirs.Independent development efficient fracture and increase the oil productivity technology which adapt to low permeability oil reservoirs and super low permeability oil reservoirs.Extension and application of the exploration technology development the exploration theory of low permeability hydrocarbon reservoirs.
The Mesozoic stratum of Ordos basin is the typical lake basin of inland depression.It developed a set of clastic sedimentary of river and lake delta. Organic matter of lacustrine mudstone is rich,sandstone reservoirs extensive spreading,and the combination of reservoirs and cap rocks are beneficial.It's the beneficial basin for discovery large oilfield.However,this low permeability lithologic reservoirs have the characteristics of strong concealment,poor reservoir physical properties,strong heterogeneity,complex of oil-water contact,great difficulte for exploration.Recently,rapid proved the low permeability big oilfield in inland lake basin such as Jiyuan oilfield,thoroughly joint efforts of multi-sciences according to the geological characteristics of inland lake basin and exploration difficulty of low permeability lithologic reservoirs.Achieved a series of innovations of geological recognitions and new breakthrough of exploration technology.Definite the source rocks have high intensity oil generation ability of inland depression lake basin in Ordos basin.Ordos Basin has the oil generation condition of formed big oilfield.It is the first time constructed the sedimentary model of large offlap type delta.Enriched the sedimentary geological theory of inland depression lake basin.Present the new recognition that episodic hydrocarbon and many passage systems are the important conditions of more stratum hydrocarbon accumulation.Formed seismic exploration matching technology of lithologic reservoirs in the loess tableland surface condition.Enriched the geophysical exploration theory and technology.Integrated application the advanced logging technology of high precision logging and nuclear magnetic logging.First proposed dual porosity structure conduction model of low permeability and low porosity reservoirs.Improved the logging recognition accuracy of oil reservoirs.Independent development efficient fracture and increase the oil productivity technology which adapt to low permeability oil reservoirs and super low permeability oil reservoirs.Extension and application of the exploration technology development the exploration theory of low permeability hydrocarbon reservoirs.
引文
[1]李德生.重新认识鄂尔多斯盆地油气地质学[J].石油勘探与开发,2004,31(6):127.
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[4]杨华,张文正.论鄂尔多斯盆地长7段优质油源岩在低渗透油气成藏富集中的主导作用:地质地球化学特征[J].地球化学,2005,34(2):147~154.
[5]李元昊,蔺日方晓,杜金良,等.鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组长8浅水三角洲沉积特征[J].低渗透油气田,2007,45-46(12):19~24.
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[7]张文正,杨华,李剑锋,等.论鄂尔多斯盆地长7段优质油源岩在低渗透油气成藏富集中的主导作用—强生排烃特征及机理分析[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(3):289~293.
[2]郑俊章.油气盆地分类探讨[J].石油勘探与开发,2004,31(4):124.
[3]杨俊杰.鄂尔多斯盆地构造演化与油气分布规律[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002:60~85.
[4]杨华,张文正.论鄂尔多斯盆地长7段优质油源岩在低渗透油气成藏富集中的主导作用:地质地球化学特征[J].地球化学,2005,34(2):147~154.
[5]李元昊,蔺日方晓,杜金良,等.鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组长8浅水三角洲沉积特征[J].低渗透油气田,2007,45-46(12):19~24.
[6]冯莉恒.基于声波时差的超压源岩上、下排烃分配量方法及其应用[J].大庆石油学院学报,2007(1):22~24.
[7]张文正,杨华,李剑锋,等.论鄂尔多斯盆地长7段优质油源岩在低渗透油气成藏富集中的主导作用—强生排烃特征及机理分析[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(3):289~293.
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