弹性介质中谱元法叠后逆时偏移方法研究
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摘要
偏移成像是地震资料处理的关键技术之一,而偏移的精度和效率是偏移方法研究的重点和难点。开展了基于高精度和适应性强的谱元法叠后逆时偏侈研究。应用波动方程数值模拟得到等价叠加地震资料,利用界面点法最小走时射线追踪技术得到地下介质各点的走时,以此作为成像条件,基于爆炸源成像原理实现叠后逆时偏移。设计了层状和界面起伏两个地质模型,分别在各向异性介质和各向同性介质条件下对正演模拟结果进行了谱元法叠后逆时偏移。结果表明,各向同性和各向异性介质条件下的偏移结果都与初始模型相吻合。
Migration is one of the key technologies for seismic data processing. However,the precision and efficiency of migration is the difficulty and focus for the study on migration methods.Aiming at this problem,we started post-stack reverse time migration research from the basis of spectral element method with high precision and strong flexibility.Equivalent stack seismic data was obtained based on numerical modeling of wave equation.Meanwhile,minimal traveltime ray tracing technique was used to achieve the traveltime of every point in the subsurface medium,which took the interface as second source.Taking the above results as imaging conditions,poststack reserve time migration was realized based on the explosivesource imaging theory.Then,two geologic models were designed, including layered model and interface undulated model,which were used to carry out post-stack reverse time migration by spectral element method on forward modeling results in anisotropic and isotropic medium.The results indicate that the migration results are coinciding with initial model in anisotropic and isotropic medium.
Migration is one of the key technologies for seismic data processing. However,the precision and efficiency of migration is the difficulty and focus for the study on migration methods.Aiming at this problem,we started post-stack reverse time migration research from the basis of spectral element method with high precision and strong flexibility.Equivalent stack seismic data was obtained based on numerical modeling of wave equation.Meanwhile,minimal traveltime ray tracing technique was used to achieve the traveltime of every point in the subsurface medium,which took the interface as second source.Taking the above results as imaging conditions,poststack reserve time migration was realized based on the explosivesource imaging theory.Then,two geologic models were designed, including layered model and interface undulated model,which were used to carry out post-stack reverse time migration by spectral element method on forward modeling results in anisotropic and isotropic medium.The results indicate that the migration results are coinciding with initial model in anisotropic and isotropic medium.
引文
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2 MadayY,Patera A T.Spectral element methods for the incompressible navier-stokes equations[A].In:Noor A K,Oden J T,ed.State-of-the-art surveys on computational mechanics[C].New York,USA:American Society of Mechanical Engineers,1989,71-143
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4 Komatitsch D,Vilotte J P.The spectral element method: an efficient tool to simulate the seismic response of 2D and 3D geological structures[J].Bulletin of Seismological society of America,1998,88(2):368-392
5 Komatitsch D,Tromp J.Introduction to the spectralelement method for 3-D seismic wave propagation[J]. Geophysical Journal International,1999,139(3):806- 822
6 Komatitsch D,Martin R,Tromp J,et al.Wave propagation in 2-D elastic media using a spectral element method with triangles and quadrangles[J].Journal of Computational Acoustics,2001,9(2):703-718
7王童奎,李瑞华,李小凡,等.横向各向同性介质中地震波场谱元法数值模拟[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22 (3):778-784
8王童奎,李瑞华,李小凡,等.谱元法数值模拟地震波传播[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2007,27(4):470-476
9王童奎,付兴深,朱德献,等.谱元法叠前逆时偏移研究[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(3):681-685
10王童奎,朱德献,付兴深.谱元法数值模拟精度分析[J].复杂油气田,2008,17(2):8-14
11林伟军,王秀明,张海澜.用于弹性波方程模拟的基于逐元技术的谱元法[J].自然科学进展,2005,15(9): 1 048-1 087
12王成祥,赵波,张关泉.基于起伏地表的混合法叠前深度偏移[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(3):219- 223
13程冰洁,李小凡,徐天吉.复杂均匀介质伪谱法波场数值模拟[J].石油物探,2007,46(1):16-19
14田文辉,李振春,张辉.直接下延法波动方程叠前深度偏移[J],石油物探,2006,45(5):447-451
15吴明华,吴清岭,李文艳.叠前深度偏移资料解释方法研究[J].石油物探,2004,43(4):331-336
16方伍宝,周腾.袁联生,等.叠前深度偏移在复杂地区的应用[J].石油物探,2002,42(1):68-71
17程玖兵,王华忠,马在田.频率-空间域有限差分法叠前深度偏移[J].勘探地球物理进展,2002,25(3):13-19
18张文生,张关泉,郝现军.复杂构造叠后逆时偏移研究[J].石油物探,1998,37(4):55-63
19丁仁伟,李振春,李小东,等.叠前逆时深度偏移中的激发时间成像条件[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(6): 1 589-1 565
20张美根,王妙月.各向异性弹性波有限元叠前逆时偏移研究[J].地球物理学报,2001,44(5):711-719
21田雪丰,张奋轩,曹新领.弹性波逆时偏移研究及其成像条件[J].中国煤田地质,2002,14(2):58-61
22 Clayton R.Engquist B.Absorbing boundary conditions for wave-equation migration[J].Geophysics,1 980,45 (4):895-904
23张美根,程冰洁,李小凡,等.一种最短路径射线追踪的快速算法[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(5):1 467- 1 474
24王童奎,张美根,李小凡,等.PS转换波界面二次源法射线追踪[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(1):165-170
2 MadayY,Patera A T.Spectral element methods for the incompressible navier-stokes equations[A].In:Noor A K,Oden J T,ed.State-of-the-art surveys on computational mechanics[C].New York,USA:American Society of Mechanical Engineers,1989,71-143
3 Priolo E,Seriani G.A numerical investigation of Chebyshev spectral element method for acoustic wave-Propagation [A].In:[S.n].Proceedings of 13~(th) IMACS world congress on computation and applied mathematics v.2[C].Dublin,Ireland:Bail Press, 1991,551-556
4 Komatitsch D,Vilotte J P.The spectral element method: an efficient tool to simulate the seismic response of 2D and 3D geological structures[J].Bulletin of Seismological society of America,1998,88(2):368-392
5 Komatitsch D,Tromp J.Introduction to the spectralelement method for 3-D seismic wave propagation[J]. Geophysical Journal International,1999,139(3):806- 822
6 Komatitsch D,Martin R,Tromp J,et al.Wave propagation in 2-D elastic media using a spectral element method with triangles and quadrangles[J].Journal of Computational Acoustics,2001,9(2):703-718
7王童奎,李瑞华,李小凡,等.横向各向同性介质中地震波场谱元法数值模拟[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22 (3):778-784
8王童奎,李瑞华,李小凡,等.谱元法数值模拟地震波传播[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2007,27(4):470-476
9王童奎,付兴深,朱德献,等.谱元法叠前逆时偏移研究[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(3):681-685
10王童奎,朱德献,付兴深.谱元法数值模拟精度分析[J].复杂油气田,2008,17(2):8-14
11林伟军,王秀明,张海澜.用于弹性波方程模拟的基于逐元技术的谱元法[J].自然科学进展,2005,15(9): 1 048-1 087
12王成祥,赵波,张关泉.基于起伏地表的混合法叠前深度偏移[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(3):219- 223
13程冰洁,李小凡,徐天吉.复杂均匀介质伪谱法波场数值模拟[J].石油物探,2007,46(1):16-19
14田文辉,李振春,张辉.直接下延法波动方程叠前深度偏移[J],石油物探,2006,45(5):447-451
15吴明华,吴清岭,李文艳.叠前深度偏移资料解释方法研究[J].石油物探,2004,43(4):331-336
16方伍宝,周腾.袁联生,等.叠前深度偏移在复杂地区的应用[J].石油物探,2002,42(1):68-71
17程玖兵,王华忠,马在田.频率-空间域有限差分法叠前深度偏移[J].勘探地球物理进展,2002,25(3):13-19
18张文生,张关泉,郝现军.复杂构造叠后逆时偏移研究[J].石油物探,1998,37(4):55-63
19丁仁伟,李振春,李小东,等.叠前逆时深度偏移中的激发时间成像条件[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(6): 1 589-1 565
20张美根,王妙月.各向异性弹性波有限元叠前逆时偏移研究[J].地球物理学报,2001,44(5):711-719
21田雪丰,张奋轩,曹新领.弹性波逆时偏移研究及其成像条件[J].中国煤田地质,2002,14(2):58-61
22 Clayton R.Engquist B.Absorbing boundary conditions for wave-equation migration[J].Geophysics,1 980,45 (4):895-904
23张美根,程冰洁,李小凡,等.一种最短路径射线追踪的快速算法[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(5):1 467- 1 474
24王童奎,张美根,李小凡,等.PS转换波界面二次源法射线追踪[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(1):165-170
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