双程声波方程叠前逆时深度偏移及其并行算法
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摘要
从双程声波方程出发,在交错网格空间中推导了地震波逆时延拓的高阶有限差分算子,依据最佳匹配层的方程分裂思路得到了一阶声波方程的最佳匹配层(PML)吸收边界条件及其高阶差分格式。利用炮点波场对上、下行波互相关后的逆时偏移结果进行振幅校正,补偿了深层能量。在上述成果的基础上实现了声波方程的叠前逆时深度偏移。偏移算法的脉冲响应表明:逆时偏移算子具有良好的陡倾角地层成像能力与深层能量补偿能力。研究了基于消息传递接口(MPI)的声波方程逆时偏移并行算法,给出了适于并行求解的计算空间划分方法,实现了双程声波方程逆时偏移的粗粒度并行运算,有效地提高了双程声波方程逆时偏移的计算效率。算法对Marmousi模型理论数据的偏移成像得到了满意效果。
Based on two-way acoustic wave equations,a high-order finite difference reverse-time propagation scheme was established using a high precision operator in staggered-grid.According to the splitting method of seismic wave equations,a perfectly matched layer(PML) absorbing boundary condition and its finite difference scheme were also proposed.The amplitude of migration result was corrected by the square of source wavefield to compensate the energy of deep stratum.Based on above techniques,the pre-stack reverse-time depth migration of compressional seismic wave was achieved in two dimensional space.The impulse response implies that the algorithm has the advantage of energy compensation and applicable for dip angle reflector imaging.In order to improve the processing speed,studied a parallel algorithm of reverse-time migration based on Message Passing Interface(MPI).The computation domain division method and communication scheme that were suitable for parallel algorithm was proposed.Using above algorithms,a coarse-grained parallel reverse-time migration algorithm was realized,which could improve the computation efficiency greatly,and the synthetic data processing of marmousi model obtained a satisfactory result.
Based on two-way acoustic wave equations,a high-order finite difference reverse-time propagation scheme was established using a high precision operator in staggered-grid.According to the splitting method of seismic wave equations,a perfectly matched layer(PML) absorbing boundary condition and its finite difference scheme were also proposed.The amplitude of migration result was corrected by the square of source wavefield to compensate the energy of deep stratum.Based on above techniques,the pre-stack reverse-time depth migration of compressional seismic wave was achieved in two dimensional space.The impulse response implies that the algorithm has the advantage of energy compensation and applicable for dip angle reflector imaging.In order to improve the processing speed,studied a parallel algorithm of reverse-time migration based on Message Passing Interface(MPI).The computation domain division method and communication scheme that were suitable for parallel algorithm was proposed.Using above algorithms,a coarse-grained parallel reverse-time migration algorithm was realized,which could improve the computation efficiency greatly,and the synthetic data processing of marmousi model obtained a satisfactory result.
引文
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[5]Loewenthal D,Hu L.Two methods for computing the imaging condi-tions for common-shot prestack migration[J].Geophysics,1991,56(3):378-381.
[6]He Bingshou,Zhang Huixing,Zhang Jing.Prestack reverse-timedepth migration of arbitrarily wide-angle wave equations[J].ActaSeismologica Sinica(English Edition),2008,20(5):492-501.
[7]何兵寿,张会星,张建军.任意广角声波方程逆时偏移的吸收边界条件[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(1):106-109.He Bingshou,Zhang Huixing,Zhang Jianjun.Absorbing boundaryconditions of arbitrarily wide-angle acoustic equations reverse-timemigration[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(1):106-109.
[8]Kaelin B,Guitton A.Imaging conditions for reverse time migration[A].Abstracts of 76th SEG Annual Int.Mtg.[C],2006:2 594-2 598.
[9]Sun R,McMechan G A,Lee C S,et al.Prestack scalar reverse-timedepth migration of 3D elastic seismic data[J].Geophysics,2006,71(5):199-207.
[10]Claerbout J F.Toward a unified theory of reflector mapping[J].Ge-ophysics,1971,36(3):467-481.
[11]Versteeg R.The Marmousi experience:velocity model determinationon a synthetic complex data set[J].The Leading Edge,1994,13(6):927-936.
[2]Berfenger J P.Aperfectly matched layer for the absorption of electro-magnetics waves[J].Journal Computation Physics,1994,114(2):185-200.
[3]牟永光,裴正林.三维复杂介质地震数值模拟[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2005:33-44.Mu Yongguang,Pei Zhenglin.Seismic numerical modeling for 3Dcomplex media[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2005:33-44.
[4]都志辉.高性能计算并行编程技术MPI并行程序设计[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2001:1-124.Du Zhihui.Parallel program with MPI[M].Beijing:Tsinghua Univ-eristy Press,2001:1-124.
[5]Loewenthal D,Hu L.Two methods for computing the imaging condi-tions for common-shot prestack migration[J].Geophysics,1991,56(3):378-381.
[6]He Bingshou,Zhang Huixing,Zhang Jing.Prestack reverse-timedepth migration of arbitrarily wide-angle wave equations[J].ActaSeismologica Sinica(English Edition),2008,20(5):492-501.
[7]何兵寿,张会星,张建军.任意广角声波方程逆时偏移的吸收边界条件[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(1):106-109.He Bingshou,Zhang Huixing,Zhang Jianjun.Absorbing boundaryconditions of arbitrarily wide-angle acoustic equations reverse-timemigration[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(1):106-109.
[8]Kaelin B,Guitton A.Imaging conditions for reverse time migration[A].Abstracts of 76th SEG Annual Int.Mtg.[C],2006:2 594-2 598.
[9]Sun R,McMechan G A,Lee C S,et al.Prestack scalar reverse-timedepth migration of 3D elastic seismic data[J].Geophysics,2006,71(5):199-207.
[10]Claerbout J F.Toward a unified theory of reflector mapping[J].Ge-ophysics,1971,36(3):467-481.
[11]Versteeg R.The Marmousi experience:velocity model determinationon a synthetic complex data set[J].The Leading Edge,1994,13(6):927-936.
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