基于数字电极技术的电法测量系统
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摘要
本文分析了电阻率层析成像系统的阵列电极的特征和现代地震勘探采集系统的数字检波器技术,提出了基于数字电极的电法测量系统设计,这种设计将实现电法测量的一次创新;然后较为详细讨论了数字电极的电路结构、系统的总体设计、控制通信网络拓扑结构和其他关键技术,该系统的通信网络结构基于DeviceNet现场总线;最后描述了该系统的功能特点,它不仅用于电阻率、激发极化、相位以及复电阻率的等多种方法,而且可用于时间域或频率域中的2D、3D电法勘探,并同时测量多种装置的数据,实现拟地震方式的勘探.
We analyze the features of the electrode array of the resistivity tomography system and the development of digital detectors of the modern seismic acquisition system and introdue the characteristics of digital eletrodes. Then we put forward the design of an electrical measurement system based on digital eletrodes, which will bring about the innovation in electrical survey. The circuit structure of digital electrodes, communication network, the other important techniques and the design of the electrical measurement system are also described. The controling communication network is designed based on DeviceNet Fieldbus technology. Finally we discuss the cbaracteristics of eletrical measurement based on digital electrodes, which can not only be used for resistivity, IP, phase and complex resistivity etc, but also be applied to 2D and 3D electrical measurements in the time domain or frequency domain. This system can measure more parameters of varieties of survey assembly at the same time, which will achieve electrical survey similar to the seismic exploration way.
We analyze the features of the electrode array of the resistivity tomography system and the development of digital detectors of the modern seismic acquisition system and introdue the characteristics of digital eletrodes. Then we put forward the design of an electrical measurement system based on digital eletrodes, which will bring about the innovation in electrical survey. The circuit structure of digital electrodes, communication network, the other important techniques and the design of the electrical measurement system are also described. The controling communication network is designed based on DeviceNet Fieldbus technology. Finally we discuss the cbaracteristics of eletrical measurement based on digital electrodes, which can not only be used for resistivity, IP, phase and complex resistivity etc, but also be applied to 2D and 3D electrical measurements in the time domain or frequency domain. This system can measure more parameters of varieties of survey assembly at the same time, which will achieve electrical survey similar to the seismic exploration way.
引文
[1] 李志武,周燕云,冯锐.电阻率层析成像数据采集系统[J].地球物理进展,2004,19(4) :812-818． Li Z W, Zhou Y Y, Feng R. Data-collection system for resistivity tomograhpy [J]. Progress in Ceophyisics, 2004,19 (4) :812-818．
[2] 魏文博.我国大地电磁测深新进展及瞻望[J].地球物理学进展,2002,17(2) :245-254． Wei W B. New advance and prospect of Magnetotelluric Sounding in china[J]. Progress in Geophyisics , 2002, 17 (2) : 245-254．
[3] 罗福龙.地震数据采集系统综述和展望[J].中国石油勘探,2007,2:41-46． Luo F L. Review and prospect for seismic data acquisition system[J]. China Petroleum Prospecting , 2007,2: 41-46．
[4] 王喜双,董世泰,王梅生.全数字地震勘探技术应用效果及展望[J].中国石油勘探.2007,6:32-36。 Wang X S, Dong S T, Wang M S. Application and prospect of full digital Seismic exploration technology [J]. China Petroleum Prospecting , 2007,6:32-36．
[5] 董浩斌,王传雷.高密度电法的发展与应用[J].地学前缘,2003,10(1) :171-176． Dong H B, Wang C L. Development and application ot 2D resistivity imaging surveys[J]. Earth Science Frontier, 2003, 10(1) : 171-176．
[6] 韩晓泉,穆群英,易碧金.地震勘探仪器的现状及发展趋势[J].物探装备,2008,18(1) :1-6． Han X Q. Mu Q Y, Yi B J. Current situation and development of seismic exploration device[J]. Equipment for Geotechnical Engineering ,2008,18(1) :1-6．
[7] 蔡运胜,张宝华.几种电法仪器在地质勘查中的应用[J].地质与勘探,2006,42(5) :72-78． Cai Y C,Zhang B H.The application of a few electrical devicesin geologic prospecting[J].地质与勘探,2006． 42(5) :72-78．
[8] 魏萍.基于DeviceNet汽车涂装线控制系统设计lJ].控制系统,2008． 24(7) :97-99． Wei P.Based on DeviceNet automobile painting line control system design[J].控制系统,2008,24(7) :97-99．
[9] 李聪嫔.新型高密度电法仪器设计与实现[D].中国地质大学. 2005． Li C B. The design and implement of new device of highdensity resis Tivity, china university of geoscicence in beijing, 2005．
[10] DZ/T 0072-93,电阻率测深法技术规程[S].DZ/T 0072-93, the technical regulations of resistivity sounding method[S].
[11] DZ/T 0073-93,电阻率剖面法技术规程[S].DZ/T 0073-93, he technical regulations of resistivity sounding method[S].
[12] 德国DMT公司.RESECS Hardware Documentation[Z].2005． German DMT Co,. RESECS Hardware Documentation[Z].2005．
[13] 重庆地质仪器厂.DUK-2高密度电法测量系统使用说明[Z].2005． Chongqing Geological Instrument Co.. the direction for use of high density electric survey system[Z]. 2005．
[14] Zonge I N C. Instrument system for electrical and elecrromagnet exploration[Z]. 2005．
[15] 赵聚林.IP找水与DDJ-型仪器野外数据采集[J].物探与化探.2003,27(4) ,302-304． Zhao J L. Water detection and field acquisition through IP and DDJ-type appliance[J]. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration. 2003,27(1) ,302-304．
[16] 令庆九,梁咏仁,罗延钟.LGM-2000型高密度电法仪[Z].2005． Ling Q J,Liang Y R, Luo Y Z. LGM-2000 high-density resis tivity device. [Z]. 2005．
[17] 郑晓亮.并行采集电法仪器研制[J].煤炭科学技术,2006,34(3) :60-63． Zheng X L. Research and development of series collected electrical method meter [J]. Coal Science and Technology, 2006,34(3) :60-63．
[18] 刘国栋.电磁法及电法仪器的新进展和应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(增刊);46-51． Liu G D. New development and appliance of electric-magnetic method and electrical method apparatus. Oil geophysical prospecting ,2004,39:46-51．
[19] 肖建平.基于单总线技术的地电高密度数据采集系统研究[D].湖南:中南大学,2003． Xiao J P. Geoelectric high density electric data collection system research based on 1-Wirebus technology[D]. HuNan: Central South University ,2003．
[20] 崔益安,白宜诚,杜华坤.基于扩展总线的电法勘探数据采集仪器设计[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2005,36(2) :288-292． Cui Y A, Bai Y C, Du H S. Data-acquisition instrument design based on extended bus in electromaqnetic exploration [J]. Journal of Central South University of Technology, 2005,36(2) :288-292．
[21] 李晓斌,张贵宾,贾正元.新型分布式高密度电法仪器发展瞻望[J].地质仪器,2008,9(3) :32-34． Li X B, Zhang G B, Jia Z Y. New advance and prospect of 2D electrical resistivity imaging surveys instrument [J]. Geological instrumentation, 2008,9 (3) :32-34．
[22] 张军华,郑旭刚,王伟.朱焕,张帆.地震采集技术新进展[J].物化探计算技术,2007,29(5) :373-380,Zhang J H, Zheng X G, Wang W, Zhu H, Zhang F. New development of Seisemic data collection technology [J]. Computing Techiques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration , 2007,29 (5) : 373-380．
[23] 岳建华,刘志新.井地三维电阻率成像技术[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(2) :407-411． Jianhua Yue, Zhixin Liu Well Surface 3-D resistivity imaging te technology [J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2005,20(2) :407-411．
[24] 李传伟,慕德俊,李安宗.双频介电测井方法与实现[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(6) 1862-1866． Li C W, Mu D J, Li A Z. The method and compliment of dual frequency electric well logging method[J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2007,22(6) 1862-1866．
[2] 魏文博.我国大地电磁测深新进展及瞻望[J].地球物理学进展,2002,17(2) :245-254． Wei W B. New advance and prospect of Magnetotelluric Sounding in china[J]. Progress in Geophyisics , 2002, 17 (2) : 245-254．
[3] 罗福龙.地震数据采集系统综述和展望[J].中国石油勘探,2007,2:41-46． Luo F L. Review and prospect for seismic data acquisition system[J]. China Petroleum Prospecting , 2007,2: 41-46．
[4] 王喜双,董世泰,王梅生.全数字地震勘探技术应用效果及展望[J].中国石油勘探.2007,6:32-36。 Wang X S, Dong S T, Wang M S. Application and prospect of full digital Seismic exploration technology [J]. China Petroleum Prospecting , 2007,6:32-36．
[5] 董浩斌,王传雷.高密度电法的发展与应用[J].地学前缘,2003,10(1) :171-176． Dong H B, Wang C L. Development and application ot 2D resistivity imaging surveys[J]. Earth Science Frontier, 2003, 10(1) : 171-176．
[6] 韩晓泉,穆群英,易碧金.地震勘探仪器的现状及发展趋势[J].物探装备,2008,18(1) :1-6． Han X Q. Mu Q Y, Yi B J. Current situation and development of seismic exploration device[J]. Equipment for Geotechnical Engineering ,2008,18(1) :1-6．
[7] 蔡运胜,张宝华.几种电法仪器在地质勘查中的应用[J].地质与勘探,2006,42(5) :72-78． Cai Y C,Zhang B H.The application of a few electrical devicesin geologic prospecting[J].地质与勘探,2006． 42(5) :72-78．
[8] 魏萍.基于DeviceNet汽车涂装线控制系统设计lJ].控制系统,2008． 24(7) :97-99． Wei P.Based on DeviceNet automobile painting line control system design[J].控制系统,2008,24(7) :97-99．
[9] 李聪嫔.新型高密度电法仪器设计与实现[D].中国地质大学. 2005． Li C B. The design and implement of new device of highdensity resis Tivity, china university of geoscicence in beijing, 2005．
[10] DZ/T 0072-93,电阻率测深法技术规程[S].DZ/T 0072-93, the technical regulations of resistivity sounding method[S].
[11] DZ/T 0073-93,电阻率剖面法技术规程[S].DZ/T 0073-93, he technical regulations of resistivity sounding method[S].
[12] 德国DMT公司.RESECS Hardware Documentation[Z].2005． German DMT Co,. RESECS Hardware Documentation[Z].2005．
[13] 重庆地质仪器厂.DUK-2高密度电法测量系统使用说明[Z].2005． Chongqing Geological Instrument Co.. the direction for use of high density electric survey system[Z]. 2005．
[14] Zonge I N C. Instrument system for electrical and elecrromagnet exploration[Z]. 2005．
[15] 赵聚林.IP找水与DDJ-型仪器野外数据采集[J].物探与化探.2003,27(4) ,302-304． Zhao J L. Water detection and field acquisition through IP and DDJ-type appliance[J]. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration. 2003,27(1) ,302-304．
[16] 令庆九,梁咏仁,罗延钟.LGM-2000型高密度电法仪[Z].2005． Ling Q J,Liang Y R, Luo Y Z. LGM-2000 high-density resis tivity device. [Z]. 2005．
[17] 郑晓亮.并行采集电法仪器研制[J].煤炭科学技术,2006,34(3) :60-63． Zheng X L. Research and development of series collected electrical method meter [J]. Coal Science and Technology, 2006,34(3) :60-63．
[18] 刘国栋.电磁法及电法仪器的新进展和应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(增刊);46-51． Liu G D. New development and appliance of electric-magnetic method and electrical method apparatus. Oil geophysical prospecting ,2004,39:46-51．
[19] 肖建平.基于单总线技术的地电高密度数据采集系统研究[D].湖南:中南大学,2003． Xiao J P. Geoelectric high density electric data collection system research based on 1-Wirebus technology[D]. HuNan: Central South University ,2003．
[20] 崔益安,白宜诚,杜华坤.基于扩展总线的电法勘探数据采集仪器设计[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2005,36(2) :288-292． Cui Y A, Bai Y C, Du H S. Data-acquisition instrument design based on extended bus in electromaqnetic exploration [J]. Journal of Central South University of Technology, 2005,36(2) :288-292．
[21] 李晓斌,张贵宾,贾正元.新型分布式高密度电法仪器发展瞻望[J].地质仪器,2008,9(3) :32-34． Li X B, Zhang G B, Jia Z Y. New advance and prospect of 2D electrical resistivity imaging surveys instrument [J]. Geological instrumentation, 2008,9 (3) :32-34．
[22] 张军华,郑旭刚,王伟.朱焕,张帆.地震采集技术新进展[J].物化探计算技术,2007,29(5) :373-380,Zhang J H, Zheng X G, Wang W, Zhu H, Zhang F. New development of Seisemic data collection technology [J]. Computing Techiques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration , 2007,29 (5) : 373-380．
[23] 岳建华,刘志新.井地三维电阻率成像技术[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(2) :407-411． Jianhua Yue, Zhixin Liu Well Surface 3-D resistivity imaging te technology [J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2005,20(2) :407-411．
[24] 李传伟,慕德俊,李安宗.双频介电测井方法与实现[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(6) 1862-1866． Li C W, Mu D J, Li A Z. The method and compliment of dual frequency electric well logging method[J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2007,22(6) 1862-1866．
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