三塘湖盆地马朗凹陷卡拉岗组火山岩岩性及岩相特征研究
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摘要
火山岩地层的对比和划分是研究其岩性、岩相及变化规律的前提和基础。根据测井、地震资料结合孢粉组合分析,确定三塘湖盆地马朗凹陷卡拉岗组火山岩在研究区具有北厚南薄和东厚西薄的特征。孢粉组合表现为裸子植物花粉明显优势于蕨类植物孢子,孢粉以科达粉、弗氏粉、单束细肋粉、冷杉多肋粉组合为特征,其中科达粉含量最多(25.3%～54.3%)。测井响应与其上沉积岩相比表现为"三低两高"的特征,即:低自然伽马、低声波时差、低补偿中子、高密度、高电阻,与哈尔加乌组相比表现为低自然伽马、中高电阻的特征。岩性以基性—中性的玄武岩、安山岩为主,其次为凝灰岩、沉凝灰岩、火山角砾岩等。马朗凹陷卡拉岗组火山岩岩相可划分为爆发相、溢流相和火山沉积相三种岩相带,火山活动以相对宁静的溢流相为主,其次为强烈的爆发相,火山沉积相仅在局部地区发育。
Comparison and classification of volcanic rocks are the premise and foundation of their lithology research,lithofacies and variation.According to log data,seismic data and pollen analysis,we found that the Kalagang volcanic rocks of Malang depression in Santanghu Basin were thick in the north and east,thin in the south and westareas.The pollen assemblage showed that Gymnosperm pollen had a clear advantage in fern spores and comprised of Genus Cordaitina(Samoilovichi) Hart,Genus Florinites Sehof,WilSonet Bentall,Genus Protohaploxypinus(Samoilovichi) Hart,Genus Striatoabieites(Sedova) Hartpollen.The content of Genus Cordaitina(Samoilovichi) Hart was up to 25.3~54.3%.Compared the log response of Kalagang volcanic rocks and Sedimentary rocks,there performed low natural gamma,low acoustic time,low compensation neutrons,high density and high resistance.The natural gamma value of Kalagang volcanic rocks was lower than Harjiawu Formation,while the resistance was higher.The lithology was mainly mafic-neutral basalt and andesite,and minor of the tuff,tuffite,volcanic breccia,and so on.Kalagang volcanic rocks of Malang depression can be divided into outbreak phase,overflow phase and volcanic sediment facies.The volcanic activity mainly occurred as a relatively quiet overflow phase,followed by strong eruption phase,and locally developed volcanic sediment facies.
Comparison and classification of volcanic rocks are the premise and foundation of their lithology research,lithofacies and variation.According to log data,seismic data and pollen analysis,we found that the Kalagang volcanic rocks of Malang depression in Santanghu Basin were thick in the north and east,thin in the south and westareas.The pollen assemblage showed that Gymnosperm pollen had a clear advantage in fern spores and comprised of Genus Cordaitina(Samoilovichi) Hart,Genus Florinites Sehof,WilSonet Bentall,Genus Protohaploxypinus(Samoilovichi) Hart,Genus Striatoabieites(Sedova) Hartpollen.The content of Genus Cordaitina(Samoilovichi) Hart was up to 25.3~54.3%.Compared the log response of Kalagang volcanic rocks and Sedimentary rocks,there performed low natural gamma,low acoustic time,low compensation neutrons,high density and high resistance.The natural gamma value of Kalagang volcanic rocks was lower than Harjiawu Formation,while the resistance was higher.The lithology was mainly mafic-neutral basalt and andesite,and minor of the tuff,tuffite,volcanic breccia,and so on.Kalagang volcanic rocks of Malang depression can be divided into outbreak phase,overflow phase and volcanic sediment facies.The volcanic activity mainly occurred as a relatively quiet overflow phase,followed by strong eruption phase,and locally developed volcanic sediment facies.
引文
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2赵霞,贾承造,张光亚,等.准噶尔盆地陆东—五彩湾地区石炭系中、基性火山岩地球化学及其形成环境[J].地学前缘,2008,15(2):272-279[Zhao Xia,Jia Chengzao,Zhang Guangya,et al.Geo-chemistry and tectonic settings of Carboniferous intermediate-basic vol-canic rocks in Ludong-Wucaiwan,Junggar basin[J].Earth ScienceFrontiers,2008,15(2):272-279]
3朱志新,李少贞,李嵩龄.东准噶尔纸房地区晚石炭世巴塔玛依内山组陆相火山—沉积体系特征[J].新疆地质,2005,23(1):14-18[Zhu Zhixin,Li Shaozhen,Li Gaoling.The characteristics ofsedimentary system continental facies volcano in Later CarboniferousBatamayi group,Zhifang Region,East Jungger[J].Xinjiang Geology,2005:23(1):14-18]
4阿种明,岳淑娟,刘郁,等.新疆察布查尔山早石炭世火山岩构造环境判别[J].新疆地质,2006:24(3):244-248[A Zhongming,Yue Shujuan,Liu Yu,et al.Geochemical features of Early-Carbonifer-ous volcanics from the Chabuchaer Mountain,Yili Region,Xinjiang[J].Xinjiang Geology,2006,24(3):244-248]
5吴国干,夏斌,李文铅,等.新疆塔克札勒蛇绿混杂岩中安山岩的地球化学特征及其构造环境[J].大地构造与成矿学,2005,29(2):242-251[Wu Guogan,Xia Bin,Li Wenqian,et al.Andesite ofTakezhale ophiolite complex in Xinjiang geochemical characteristics andtectonic setting[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,2005,29(2):242-251]
6周鼎武,柳益群,邢秀娟,等.新疆吐哈、三塘湖盆地二叠纪玄武岩形成古构造环境恢复及区域构造背景示踪[J].中国科学:D辑,2006,36(2):143-153[Zhou Dingwu,Liu Yiqun,Xing Xiu-juan,et al.Recovery of paleotectonic environment and tracer of region-al structure background of Permian basalt in Turpan-Hami basin andSantanghu basin,Xinjiang[J].Science in China Series D Earth Sci-ences,2006,36(2):143-153]
7新疆维吾尔自治区地质矿产局.新疆维吾尔自治区区域地质志[M].北京:地质出版社,1993:515-562[Bureau of Geology andMineral Resources of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.RegionalGeology of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region[M].Beijing:Geolog-ical Publishing House,1993:515-562.]
8邱家骧.岩浆岩岩石学[M].北京:地质出版社,1985[Qiu Jiax-iang.Magmatic Petrology[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1985]
9邱家骧.国际地科联火山岩分类学分委会推荐的火山岩分类简介[J].现代地质,1991,5(4):457-468[Qiu Jiaxiang.Brief introduc-tion of classification of volcanic rocks recommendations of the IUCSsubcommission on the systematics of igneous rocks[J].Geoscience,1991,5(4):457-468]
10郝建荣,周鼎武,柳益群,等.新疆三塘湖盆地二叠纪火山岩岩石地球化学及其构造环境分析[J].岩石学报,2006,22(1):189-198[Hao Jianrong,Zhou Dingwu,Liu Yiqun,et al.Geochemis-try and tectonic settings of Permian volcanic rocks in Santanghu basin,Xinjiang[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2006,22(1):189-198]
11侯广顺,唐红峰,刘丛强.东天山觉罗塔格构造带晚古生代火山岩地球化学特征及意义[J].岩石学报,2006,22(5):1167-1177[Hou Guangshun,Tang Hongfeng,Liu Congqiang.Geochemicalcharacteristics of the Late Paleozoic volcanics in Jueluotage tectonicbelt,eastern Tianshan and its implications[J].Acta Petrologica Sini-ca,2006,22(5):1167-1177]
12罗静兰,翟晓先,蒲仁海,等.塔河油田火山岩的层位归属、火山岩岩石学与岩相学特征[J].地质科学,2006,41(3):378-391[Luo Jinglan,Zhai Xiaoxian,Pu Renhai,et al.Horizon,petrologyand lithofacies of the volcanic rocks in the Tahe Oilfield,Northern Ta-rim Basin[J].Chinese Journal of Geology,2006,41(3):378-391]
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