惠民凹陷西部深层断裂样式与古近纪盆地原型的性质
摘要
基于断裂构造形成的力学分析,通过对三维地震数据体的水平切片及剖面的解译、区域构造图的编制,系统研究惠民凹陷西部深层(基底、孔店组-沙四段(Ek-Es4))断裂样式,并对其组合特征、分布规律、活动性质及对古近纪原型盆地形成的影响进行分析,探讨断裂成因、古近纪原型盆地的性质及对油气藏形成的控制作用。结果表明:惠民凹陷西部深层断裂样式可划分为走滑成因断裂样式与伸展成因断裂样式两种类型;基底断裂样式的形成与燕山末期郯庐断裂的左行走滑及鲁西隆起的逆时针旋转趋势相关,孔店组—沙四段沉积期断裂样式与NNW向伸展及郯庐断裂等深大断裂右行走滑作用叠加密切相关;深层断裂样式的特点、分布及沉积特征反映惠民凹陷西部古近纪原型盆地形成过程与走滑作用密切相关,盆地原型应为走滑-伸展型盆地,而非单一的伸展型盆地;深层断裂样式不仅控制了盆地的内部结构,也控制了砂体的分布,并为油气向缓坡带运移提供了通道,从而最终控制了深层油气藏的形成。
Based on the mechanics analysis of fault formation,a systematic study of the fault styles of the deep part of the western Huimin depression,including the basin basement,the Kongdian group(Ek),and the fourth member of the Shahejie group(Es4),was carried out.The main features of faults within the depression,including their distribution,timing of activity,and their influence on the Paleogene basin that evolved into the western Huimin depression,were constrained by interpretations of horizontal slices and cross-sections of 3D seismic data,and the analysis of regional tectonic maps.Also the cause of fracture formation,the nature of the Paleogene prototype basin,and the control of faulting on the formation of oil-gas reservoirs were considered.The results reveal two types of deep fractures in the western Huimin depression,based on tectonic style: strike-slip and extensional.The formation of basement faults was related to sinistral strike-slip movement along the Tan-Lu fault and counter-clockwise rotation of the Luxi uplift during the late Yanshanian,and the fault style during Ek-Es4 sedimentation was closely related to NNW-SSE extension and dextral strike-slip movement upon large deep-level faults(e.g.,the Tan-Lu fault).The distribution and sedimentary characteristics of deep-level faults indicate that the formation of the Paleogene precursor basin in the western Huimin depression was closely related to strike-slip faulting,suggesting the precursor basin was a transtensional structure rather than a purely extensional structure.The style of deep-level faults controlled not only the internal structures of the basin,but also the distribution of sandy layers,which provided a pathway of oil and gas migrating toward areas with shallowly dipping beds,thereby ultimately controlled the formation of oil and gas reservoirs.
Based on the mechanics analysis of fault formation,a systematic study of the fault styles of the deep part of the western Huimin depression,including the basin basement,the Kongdian group(Ek),and the fourth member of the Shahejie group(Es4),was carried out.The main features of faults within the depression,including their distribution,timing of activity,and their influence on the Paleogene basin that evolved into the western Huimin depression,were constrained by interpretations of horizontal slices and cross-sections of 3D seismic data,and the analysis of regional tectonic maps.Also the cause of fracture formation,the nature of the Paleogene prototype basin,and the control of faulting on the formation of oil-gas reservoirs were considered.The results reveal two types of deep fractures in the western Huimin depression,based on tectonic style: strike-slip and extensional.The formation of basement faults was related to sinistral strike-slip movement along the Tan-Lu fault and counter-clockwise rotation of the Luxi uplift during the late Yanshanian,and the fault style during Ek-Es4 sedimentation was closely related to NNW-SSE extension and dextral strike-slip movement upon large deep-level faults(e.g.,the Tan-Lu fault).The distribution and sedimentary characteristics of deep-level faults indicate that the formation of the Paleogene precursor basin in the western Huimin depression was closely related to strike-slip faulting,suggesting the precursor basin was a transtensional structure rather than a purely extensional structure.The style of deep-level faults controlled not only the internal structures of the basin,but also the distribution of sandy layers,which provided a pathway of oil and gas migrating toward areas with shallowly dipping beds,thereby ultimately controlled the formation of oil and gas reservoirs.
引文
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[19]NORTHRUP C J,ROYDEN L H,BURCHFIEL B C.Motion of the Pacific plate relative to Eurasia and its po-tential relation to Cenozoic extension along the easternmargin of Eurasia[J].Geology,1995,23(8):719-722.
[20]陆克政,漆家福,戴俊生,等.渤海湾新生代含油气盆地构造模式[M].北京:地质出版社,1997.
[21]REN Jianye,KEENSAKU Tamaki,LI Sitian,et al.Late Mesozoic and Cenozoic rifting and its dynamic set-ting in Eastern China and adjacent areas[J].Tectono-physics,2002,344:175-205.
[2]侯青,赵健,回春,等.惠民凹陷构造应力场与油气运聚模拟分析[J].油气地质与采收率,2006,13(1):62-65.HOU Qing,ZHAO Jian,HUI Chun,et al.Simulation a-nalysis of the tectonic stress field and the oil-gas migra-tion-accumulation in Huimin sag[J].Petroleum Geologyand Recovery Efficiency,2006,13(1):62-65
[3]刘和甫.沉积盆地地球动力学分类及构造样式分析[J].地球科学,1993,8(6):699-724.LIU He-pu.Dynamic classification of sedimentary basinsand their structural styles[J].Earth Science,1993,18(6):699-724.
[4]HANDING T P,LOWELL J D.Structural styles,theirplate tectonic habitats and hydrocarbon traps in petroleumprovinces[J].AAPG Bulletin,1979,63(7):1016-1058.
[5]漆家福,张一伟,陆克政,等.渤海湾盆地新生代构造演化[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,1995,19(增刊):1-6.QI Jia-fu,ZHANG Yi-wei,LU Ke-zheng,et al.Cenozo-ic tectonic evolution in Bohai Bay Basin province[J].Journal of the University of Petroleum,China(Edition ofNatural Science),1995,19(sup):1-6.
[6]吴智平,李伟,任拥军,等.济阳坳陷中生代盆地演化及其与新生代盆地叠合关系探讨[J].地质学报,2007,77(2):208-286.WU Zhi-ping,LI Wei,REN Yong-jun.Basin evolutionin the Mesozoic and superposition of Cenozoic basin in thearea of the Jiyang depression[J].Acta Geollogica Sinica,2007,77(2):208-286.
[7]李丕龙.富油断陷盆地气环状分布与惠民凹陷勘探方向[J].石油实验地质,2001,23(2):146-148.LI Pei-long.Zonary distribution of hydrocarbon in oil en-riched rifted basins and exploration direction in theHuimin sag[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2001,23(2):146-148.
[8]姜素华,边凤青,王鹏.惠民凹陷孔店期盆地原型格架对油气成藏的影响[J].中国海洋大学学报,2009,39(3):483-489.JIANG Su-hua,BIAN Feng-qing,WANG Peng.Impactof basin prototype structure in Kongdian stage on petrole-um accumulation in Huimin depression[J].Periodical ofOcean University of China,2009,39(3):483-489.
[9]谭明友.渤海湾盆地东营-惠民凹陷孔店期原型盆地分析[J].石油实验地质,2003,25(4):348-352.TAN Ming-you.Analysis of the early tertiary prototypebasin in the Dongying-Huimin sags of the Bohaiwan Basin[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2003,25(4):348-352.
[10]郑德顺,吴智平,李凌,等.惠民凹陷中生代和新生代断层发育特征及其对沉积的控作用[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,2004,28(5):6-13.ZHENG De-shun,WU Zhi-ping,LI Ling,et al.Devel-opment characteristic of faults in Mesozoic and Cenozoicof Huimin sag and its control to sediment[J].Journal ofthe University of Petroleum,China(Edition of NaturalScience),2004,28(5):6-13.
[11]朱志强,高先志,曾溅辉.惠民凹陷西南缓坡带断层的封闭性[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2009,33(4):1-5.ZHU Zhi-qiang,GAO Xian-zhi,ZENG Jian-hui.Faultsealing of south-west gentle slope belt in Huimin depres-sion[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edi-tion of Natural Science),2009,33(4):1-5.
[12]刘冠德,夏斌,于俊峰.惠民凹陷南坡北北西向走滑断裂带的发育特征及成因分析[J].大地构造与成矿学,2007,33(2):168-173.LIU Guan-de,XIA Bin,YU Jun-feng.Features and ori-gin of the nnw strike-slip faults on the southern slope ofHuimin sag[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,2007,33(2):168-173.
[13]时秀朋,李理.鲁西隆起中-新生代伸展构造演化的模拟试验[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2010,34(3):25-33.SHI Xiu-peng,LI Li.Modeling experiments of structur-al evolution since late Mesozoic in west Shandong uplift,China[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(E-dition of Natureal Science),2010,34(3):25-33.
[14]王纪祥,陈发景,李趁义.山东惠民凹陷伸展构造及调节带特征[J].现代地质,2003,17(2):203-209.WANG Ji-xiang,CHEN Fa-jing,LI Chen-yi.Characterof the extensional structures and accommodation zones inthe Huimin depression,Shandong province[J].Geosci-ence,2003,17(2):203-209.
[15]任建业.渤海湾盆地东营凹陷S6’界面的构造变革意义[J].地球科学,2004,29(1):69-76.REN Jian-ye.Tectonic significance of S6boundary inDongying depression,Bohai gulf Basin[J].Earth Sci-ence,2004,29(1):69-76.
[16]LI Z X,LI X H.Formation of the 1300 km-wide inter-continental orogen and postorogenic magmatic provincein Mesozoic South China:a flat-slab subduction model[J].Geology,2007,35(2):179-182.
[17]MARUYAMA S,ISOZAKI Y,KIMURA G,et al.Paleogeographic maps of the Japanese Islands:plate tectonicsynthesis from 750 Ma to the present[J].Island Arc,1997,6(1):121-142.
[18]刘泽容,楚泽涵,王孝陵.冀鲁帚状构造体系应力场的初步数学模拟[J].石油与天然气地质,1983,4(2):181-191.LIU Ze-rong,CHU Ze-han,WANG Xiao-ling.Prelimi-nary mathematical simulaton of Hebei-Shandong brush-structural stress field[J].Oil&Gas Geology,1983,4(2):181-191.
[19]NORTHRUP C J,ROYDEN L H,BURCHFIEL B C.Motion of the Pacific plate relative to Eurasia and its po-tential relation to Cenozoic extension along the easternmargin of Eurasia[J].Geology,1995,23(8):719-722.
[20]陆克政,漆家福,戴俊生,等.渤海湾新生代含油气盆地构造模式[M].北京:地质出版社,1997.
[21]REN Jianye,KEENSAKU Tamaki,LI Sitian,et al.Late Mesozoic and Cenozoic rifting and its dynamic set-ting in Eastern China and adjacent areas[J].Tectono-physics,2002,344:175-205.
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