三眼峪特大泥石流形成的物源条件分析
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摘要
通过对舟曲县"8.8"特大山洪泥石流三眼峪沟进行现场调查,从泥石流的岩土体类型及特征、地质构造、水文地质、新构造运动及地震等方面,对物源条件的地质环境背景进行了总结。调查结果表明:①三眼峪沟泥石流的松散固体物质主要包括崩塌堆积物、滑坡堆积物、残坡积物和冲洪积物。②三眼峪沟松散固体物质总量4 079.42×104m3,流域内可转化为泥石流的松散固体物质总量为2 644.54×104m3,占总量的64.8%。③三眼峪沟流域固体松散物质转化为泥石流组成部分的主要方式包括崩塌、滑坡直接堆积或堵塞沟道,被水流冲蚀、搬运;沟坡上的残坡积物、滑坡体、崩塌体表层在雨水面蚀作用下,细粒物质流入沟道,补给泥石流,增加了泥石流的黏度;沟道内的早期泥石流停积物直接被冲蚀、搬运,构成泥石流固体物质等。
Through the field investigation of Sanyanyu Valley in Zhouqu county where occurred the giant flush flood and debris flow on August 8,2010,the author summarized the geological environment background of loose solid material sources from several aspects of topography,stratum lithology,geological structure,hydrological geology,new tectonic movement and earthquake.Investigation results show that:①The loose solid matter of Sanyanyu debris flow mainly include collapse deposit,landslide deposit,eluvial deposit,talus deposit and trench deposit.②The total volume of loose solid matter of Sanyanyu valley is about 40 794 200 m3,which can convert to debris flow nearly 26 445 400 m3(64.8%).③The fundamental mode of Sanyanyu Gully loose mass converted to the components of debris flow included collapse and landslide deposited directly or fluvial eroded and transported by jamming trench;The fine grain material of gully slope's remnant slope sediment,the landside mass,the collapse body flowed into the trench under the rainfall's surface erosion function,supplied the debris flow and increased its viscosity;The early debris flow deposit in trench was eroded and transported directly,constituted the debris flow mass.
Through the field investigation of Sanyanyu Valley in Zhouqu county where occurred the giant flush flood and debris flow on August 8,2010,the author summarized the geological environment background of loose solid material sources from several aspects of topography,stratum lithology,geological structure,hydrological geology,new tectonic movement and earthquake.Investigation results show that:①The loose solid matter of Sanyanyu debris flow mainly include collapse deposit,landslide deposit,eluvial deposit,talus deposit and trench deposit.②The total volume of loose solid matter of Sanyanyu valley is about 40 794 200 m3,which can convert to debris flow nearly 26 445 400 m3(64.8%).③The fundamental mode of Sanyanyu Gully loose mass converted to the components of debris flow included collapse and landslide deposited directly or fluvial eroded and transported by jamming trench;The fine grain material of gully slope's remnant slope sediment,the landside mass,the collapse body flowed into the trench under the rainfall's surface erosion function,supplied the debris flow and increased its viscosity;The early debris flow deposit in trench was eroded and transported directly,constituted the debris flow mass.
引文
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Dai Fuchu,C.F.Lee,Wang Sijing.Analysis of rainstorm-induced slide-debris flows on natural terrain of LantauIsland,Hong Kong[J].Engineering Geology,1999,51:279-290.
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赵俊华.舟曲县滑坡泥石流遥感影像判读与灾害防治[J].人民长江,2004,35(12):1-4.Zhao Junhua.Remote sensing image interpretation oflandslide and mud-rock flow in Zhouqu County anddisaster prevention[J].Yangtze River,2004,35(12):1-4.
魏新功,王振国,包红霞.降水原因造成的舟曲县地质灾害分析[J].甘肃科技,2008,24(21):84-88.Wei Xingong,Wang Zhenguo,Bao Hongxia.Analysis ofgeology hazard caused by the rainfall in Zhouqu County[J].Gansu Science and Technology,2008,24(21):84-88.
马东涛,祁龙.三眼峪沟泥石流灾害及其综合治理[J].水土保持通报,1997,17(4):26-31.Ma Dongtao,Qi Long.Study on comprehensive controllingof debris flow hazard in Sanyanyu Gully[J].Bulletin ofSoil and Water Conservation,1997,17(4):26-31.
DZ/T0220-2006.泥石流灾害防治工程勘查规范[S].DZ/T0220-2006.Specification of Geological Investigationfor Debris Flow Stabilization[S].
胡向德,李军,李瑞冬,等.甘肃省舟曲县三眼峪沟泥石流灾害勘查报告[R].兰州:甘肃省地质环境监测院,2010.Hu Xiangde,Li Jun,Li Ruidong,et al.Investigation reportof the Sanyanyu Gully debris flow hazards in ZhouquCounty,Gansu Province[R].Gansu institute ofgeological environmental monitoring,Lanzhou,2010.
Dai Fuchu,C.F.Lee,Wang Sijing.Analysis of rainstorm-induced slide-debris flows on natural terrain of LantauIsland,Hong Kong[J].Engineering Geology,1999,51:279-290.
H.Chen,C.F.Lee.A dynamic model for rainfall-inducedlandslides on natural slopes[J].Geomorphology,2003,51:269-288.
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