酒东盆地营尔凹陷早白垩世断陷形成机制探讨
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摘要
位于青藏高原和华北板块两大构造带交汇处的河西走廊带中西段酒东盆地,早白垩世为典型断陷盆地,但对其断陷形成机制存在明显争议。因早白垩世两大构造带的主体构造作用明显差异:北—南向挤压和北西—南东向伸展,为深入了解哪一种作用是控制早白垩世酒东盆地形成的主要因素,本研究特选取远离新生代强烈活动的阿尔金断裂带,在河西走廊带中西段的酒东盆地中,对程度较高的营尔凹陷进行了二维地震解析、沉积中心转换、沉积重矿物ZTR指数差异性的综合研究,表明早白垩世酒东盆地营尔凹陷是在侏罗纪的断陷盆地基础上继承而来,主要受到来自南部青藏高原北—南向挤压作用,重新激活了前期的构造正断层,进而形成新一期断陷盆地,其断陷演化可分为初始断陷、强烈断陷和断陷萎缩3个阶段。
The Jiudong Basin,situated in the triangular belt between the Tibetan Plateau(TP)and the North China Plate(NCP),is one classical rift basin,but there is controversy for the mechanism of rifting during the Early Cretaceous.Because there are obvious differences for the tectonic forces between the two tectonic belts:N-S compressive stress of TP and NW-SE extension of NCP,it is so different to truly understand which tectonic force the formation of the Jiudong Basin was controlled in during the Early Cretaceous.So this study chooses the Yinger depression of the Jiudong Basin,which is far away strong tectonic Altyn Tagh Fault(ATF)and has been studied by more geologists,to analysis the process of rifting formation using multiple methods,including mapping and correlation of 2D seismic reflection data,transition of sedimentary center,and ZTR values of sedimentary heavy minerals.All data indicate that rifting of the Yinger depression began to be active because the Jurassic normal faults were active due to the N-S extrusion of TP,the Early Cretaceous.And the formation process is divided into three stages:Initial,strong,atrophy rifting.
The Jiudong Basin,situated in the triangular belt between the Tibetan Plateau(TP)and the North China Plate(NCP),is one classical rift basin,but there is controversy for the mechanism of rifting during the Early Cretaceous.Because there are obvious differences for the tectonic forces between the two tectonic belts:N-S compressive stress of TP and NW-SE extension of NCP,it is so different to truly understand which tectonic force the formation of the Jiudong Basin was controlled in during the Early Cretaceous.So this study chooses the Yinger depression of the Jiudong Basin,which is far away strong tectonic Altyn Tagh Fault(ATF)and has been studied by more geologists,to analysis the process of rifting formation using multiple methods,including mapping and correlation of 2D seismic reflection data,transition of sedimentary center,and ZTR values of sedimentary heavy minerals.All data indicate that rifting of the Yinger depression began to be active because the Jurassic normal faults were active due to the N-S extrusion of TP,the Early Cretaceous.And the formation process is divided into three stages:Initial,strong,atrophy rifting.
引文
甘肃省地质矿产局.1989． 甘肃省区域地质志.北京:地质出版社.291-296Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources of Gansu Province.1989． Regional Geology of Gansu Province.Beijing: Geological Press.291-296．
陈建平,黄第藩,霍永录,陈建军.1996a.酒东盆地异常流体压力带及与油气分布的关系.中国科学(D辑),26(1) :9-15． Chen Jianping,Huang Difan,Huo Yonglu and Chen Jianjun.1996a.Relationship between fluid abnormal pressure and hydrocarbon distribution,Jiudong Basin.Science in China(Series D),26(1) : 9-15．
陈建平,黄第蕃,陈建军,张大江,程克明,王铁冠.1996b.酒东盆地油气生成和运移.北京:石油工业出版社.1-313． Chen Jianping,Huang Difan,Chen Jianjun,Zhang Dajiang,Cheng Keming and Wang Tieguan.1996b.Hydrocarbon Generation and Migration in Jiudong Basin.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press.1-313．
程晓敢,郑德文,杨树锋,陈汉林.2006． 酒泉盆地晚白垩世-占新世构造特征.石油与天然气地质,27(4) :522-527． Cheng Xiaogan,Zheng Dewen,Yang Shufeng and Chen Hanlin.2006． A study on characteristics of the Late Cretaceous-Paleocene structures in Jiuquan Basin.Oil & Gas Geology,27(4) : 522-527．
韩永科,刘永昌,岳智忠,张蕊胜.2003． 酒泉盆地营尔凹陷长沙岭构造带油气勘探前景.新疆石油地质,24(6) :490-493． Han Yongke.Liu Yongchang,Yue Zhizhong and Zhang Ruisheng.2003． Prospect of petroleum exploration in Changshaling structural belt of Ying'er sag in Jiuquan Basin.Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,24(6) : 490-493．
何光玉,杨树锋,陈汉林,肖安成,程晓敢.2004． 河西走廊西段及邻区早白垩世盆地的重新厘定.石油学报,25(6) :18-22．He Guangyu,Yang Shufeng,Chen Hanlin,Xiao Ancheng and Cheng Xiaogan.2004． New ideas about the Early Cretaceous basins in western Gansu Corridor and nearby regions.Acta Petrolei Sinica,25(6) : 18-22．
侯秀林,谷丽冰.2009． 酒泉盆地营尔凹陷下白垩统层序地层划分及沉积体系特征.现代地质,23(5) :809-815． Hou Xiulin and Gu Libing.2009． Stratigraphic sequence division and the characteristics of sedimentary system of Lower Cretaceous in Yinger depression,Jiuquan Basin.Geoscience,23(5) : 809-815．
霍永录,谭试典.1995． 酒泉盆地陆相石油地质特征及勘探实践.北京:石油工业出版社.1-210． Huo Yonglu and Tan Shidian.1995． Exploration Case History and Petroleum Geology in Jiuquan Continental Basin.Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press.1-210．
吉林油田石油地质志编写组.1993． 中国石油地质志(卷二).北京:石油工业出版社.1-530． Jilin Oil Field Editorial Group of "Petroleum Geology of China".1993． Petroleum Geology of China(Vol.2) .Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press.1-530．
李奋其,王成善,王崇孝.2006． 酒泉早白垩世盆地群构造特征和成因.地质学报,80(2) :181-191． Li Fenqi,Wang Chengshan and Wang Chongxiao.2006． Tectonic characteristics and origin of Jiuquan Basin group.Acta Geologica Sinica,80(2) : 181-191．
李海兵,杨经绥.2004． 青藏高原北部白垩纪隆升的证据.地学前缘,11(4) :345-359． Li Haibing and Yang Jingsui.2004． Evidence for Cretaceous uplift of the northern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.Earth Science Frontiers,11(4) : 345-359．
孟庆任,胡健民,袁选俊,靳久强.2002． 中蒙边界地区晚中生代伸展盆地的结构、演化与成因.地质通报,2l(4) :224-231． Meng Qingren,Hu Jianmin,Yuan Xuanjun and Jin Jiuqiang.2002． Structure,evolution and origin of Late Mesozoic extensional basins in the China-Mongolia border region.Geological Bulletin of China,21(4) : 224-231．
任战利,刘池阳,张小会,吴汉宁.2000． 酒东盆地热演化史与油气关系研究.沉积学报,18(4) :619-623．Ren Zhanli,Liu Chiyang,Zhang Xiaohui and Wu Hanning.2000． Research on the relations between geothermal history and oilgas generation in Jiudong Basin.Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,18(4) : 619-623．
王成善,朱利东,刘志飞.2004． 青藏高原北部盆地构造沉积演化与高原向北生长过程.地球科学进展,19(3) :373-381． Wang Chengshan.Zhu Lidong and Liu Zhifei.2004． Tectonic and sedimentary evolution of basins in the north of Qianghai-Tibet Plateau and northward growing process of Qianghai-Tibet Plateau.Advance in Earth Sciences,19(3) : 373-381．
王晓丰,张志诚,郭召杰,张臣.2004． 酒西盆地南缘旱峡早白垩世火山岩地球化学特征及其构造意义.高校地质学报,10(4) :569-577．Wang Xiaofeng,Zhang Zhicheng,Guo Zhaojie and Zhang Chen.2004． Geochemical characteristics and tectonic significance of the Early Cretaceous volcanic rocks in the southern margin of Jiuxi Basin.Geological Journal of China Universities,10(4) : 569-577．
王晓丰,张志诚,郭召杰,张臣,龚建业.2008． 酒西盆地早白垩世沉积特征及原型盆地恢复.石油与天然气地质,29(3) :303-311． Wang Xiaofeng,Zhang Zhichen,Guo Zhaojie,Zhang Chen and Gong Jianye.2008． Sedimentary characteristics of the Lower Cretaceous and reconstruction of the prototype basin in the Jiuxi Basin.Oil & Gas Geology,29(3) : 303-311．
徐旺.1994． 酒泉东部盆地侏罗系的喷油与盆地分析.石油实验地质,16(2) :103-118． Xu Wang.1994． Oil injection and basin study of the Jurassic in eastern Jiuquan Basin.Experimental Petroleum Geology,16(2) : 103-118．
杨经绥,孟繁聪,张建新,李海兵.2001． 重新认识阿尔金断裂东段红柳峡火山岩的时代及构造意义.中国科学(D辑),31(增刊):83-89． Yang Jingsui,Meng Fancong,Zhang Jianxin and Li Haibing.2001． The shoshonitic volcanic rocks at Hongliuxia:Pulses of the Altyn Tagh fault in Cretaceous? Science in China(Series D),44(suppl.): 94-102．
玉门油田石油地质志编写组.1989． 中国石油地质志(卷13) .北京:石油工业出版社.1-441． Yumen Oil Field Editorial Group of "Petroleum Geology of China".1989． Petroleum Geology of China(Vol.13) .Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press.1-441．
张岳桥,廖昌珍.2006． 晚中生代-新生代构造体制转换与鄂尔多斯盆地改造.中国地质,33(1) :28-40． Zhang Yueqiao and Liao Changzhen.2006． Transition of the Late Mesozoic-Cenozoic tectonic regimes and modification of the Ordos Basin.Geology in China,33(1) : 28-40．
郑荣才,王成善,朱利东,刘红军,方国玉,杜文博,王崇孝,汪满福.2003． 酒西盆地首例湖相“白烟型”喷流岩--热水沉积白云岩的发现及其意义.成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),30(1) :1-7． Zheng Rongcai,Wang Chengshan,Zhu Lidong,Liu Hongjun,Fang Guoyu,Du Wenbo,Wang Chongxiao and Wang Manfu.2003． Discovery of the first example of "White smoke type" of exhalative rock(hydrothermal sedimentary dolostone)in Jiuxi Basin and its significance.Journal of Chengdu University of Tecknology(Science & Technology Edition),30(1) : 1-7． (12) : 3027-3038．
郑荣才,文华国,范铭涛,汪满福,吴国瑄,夏佩芬.2006． 酒西盆地下沟组湖相白烟型喷流岩岩石学特征.岩石学报,22(12) :3027-3038． Zheng Rongcai,Wen Huaguo,Fan Mingtao,Wang Manfu,Wu Guoxuan and Xia Peifen.2006． Lithological characteristics of sublacustrine white smoke type exhalative rock of the Xiagou Formation in Jiuxi Basin.Acta Petrologica Sinica,22(12) : 3027-3038．
Graham S A,Hendrix M S,Johnson C L,Badamgarav D,Badarch G,Amory J,Porter M,Barsbold R,Webb L E and Hacker B R.2001． Sedimentary record and tectonic implications of Mesozoic rifting in southeast Mongolia.GSA Bulletin,113(12) : 1560-1579．
Meng Q R,Hu J M,Jin J Q,Zhang Y and Xu D F.2003． Tectonics of the Late Mesozoic wide extensional basin system in the China-Mongolia border region.Basin Research,15(3) : 397-415．
Morton A C and Hallsworth C.1994． Identifying provenance-specific features of detrital heavy mineral assemblages in sandstones.Sedimentary Geology,90(3-4) : 241-256．
Prost G L.2004． Tectonics and hydrocarbon systems of the east Gobi Basin,Mongolia.AAPG Bulletin,88(4) : 483-513．
Van Der Beek P A,DeIvaux D,Andriessen P A M and Levi K G.1996． Early Cretaceous denudation related to convergent tectonics in the Baikal region,SE Siberia.Journal of the Geological Society,153(4) : 515-523．
Vincent S J and Allen M B.1999． Evolution of the Minle and Chaoshui Basins,China: Implications for Mesozoic strike-slip basin formation in central Asia.GSA Bulletin,111(5) : 725-742．
Zhu L D,Wang C S,Zheng H B,Xiang F,Yi H S and Liu D Z.2006． Tectonic and sedimentary evolution of basins in the northeast of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and their implication for the northward growth of the plateau.Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,241(1) : 49-60．
Zorin Y A.1999． Geodynamics of the western part of the Mongolia-Okhotsk collisional belt,Trans-Baikal region(Russia)and Mongolia.Tectonophysics,306(1) : 33-56．
陈建平,黄第藩,霍永录,陈建军.1996a.酒东盆地异常流体压力带及与油气分布的关系.中国科学(D辑),26(1) :9-15． Chen Jianping,Huang Difan,Huo Yonglu and Chen Jianjun.1996a.Relationship between fluid abnormal pressure and hydrocarbon distribution,Jiudong Basin.Science in China(Series D),26(1) : 9-15．
陈建平,黄第蕃,陈建军,张大江,程克明,王铁冠.1996b.酒东盆地油气生成和运移.北京:石油工业出版社.1-313． Chen Jianping,Huang Difan,Chen Jianjun,Zhang Dajiang,Cheng Keming and Wang Tieguan.1996b.Hydrocarbon Generation and Migration in Jiudong Basin.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press.1-313．
程晓敢,郑德文,杨树锋,陈汉林.2006． 酒泉盆地晚白垩世-占新世构造特征.石油与天然气地质,27(4) :522-527． Cheng Xiaogan,Zheng Dewen,Yang Shufeng and Chen Hanlin.2006． A study on characteristics of the Late Cretaceous-Paleocene structures in Jiuquan Basin.Oil & Gas Geology,27(4) : 522-527．
韩永科,刘永昌,岳智忠,张蕊胜.2003． 酒泉盆地营尔凹陷长沙岭构造带油气勘探前景.新疆石油地质,24(6) :490-493． Han Yongke.Liu Yongchang,Yue Zhizhong and Zhang Ruisheng.2003． Prospect of petroleum exploration in Changshaling structural belt of Ying'er sag in Jiuquan Basin.Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,24(6) : 490-493．
何光玉,杨树锋,陈汉林,肖安成,程晓敢.2004． 河西走廊西段及邻区早白垩世盆地的重新厘定.石油学报,25(6) :18-22．He Guangyu,Yang Shufeng,Chen Hanlin,Xiao Ancheng and Cheng Xiaogan.2004． New ideas about the Early Cretaceous basins in western Gansu Corridor and nearby regions.Acta Petrolei Sinica,25(6) : 18-22．
侯秀林,谷丽冰.2009． 酒泉盆地营尔凹陷下白垩统层序地层划分及沉积体系特征.现代地质,23(5) :809-815． Hou Xiulin and Gu Libing.2009． Stratigraphic sequence division and the characteristics of sedimentary system of Lower Cretaceous in Yinger depression,Jiuquan Basin.Geoscience,23(5) : 809-815．
霍永录,谭试典.1995． 酒泉盆地陆相石油地质特征及勘探实践.北京:石油工业出版社.1-210． Huo Yonglu and Tan Shidian.1995． Exploration Case History and Petroleum Geology in Jiuquan Continental Basin.Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press.1-210．
吉林油田石油地质志编写组.1993． 中国石油地质志(卷二).北京:石油工业出版社.1-530． Jilin Oil Field Editorial Group of "Petroleum Geology of China".1993． Petroleum Geology of China(Vol.2) .Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press.1-530．
李奋其,王成善,王崇孝.2006． 酒泉早白垩世盆地群构造特征和成因.地质学报,80(2) :181-191． Li Fenqi,Wang Chengshan and Wang Chongxiao.2006． Tectonic characteristics and origin of Jiuquan Basin group.Acta Geologica Sinica,80(2) : 181-191．
李海兵,杨经绥.2004． 青藏高原北部白垩纪隆升的证据.地学前缘,11(4) :345-359． Li Haibing and Yang Jingsui.2004． Evidence for Cretaceous uplift of the northern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.Earth Science Frontiers,11(4) : 345-359．
孟庆任,胡健民,袁选俊,靳久强.2002． 中蒙边界地区晚中生代伸展盆地的结构、演化与成因.地质通报,2l(4) :224-231． Meng Qingren,Hu Jianmin,Yuan Xuanjun and Jin Jiuqiang.2002． Structure,evolution and origin of Late Mesozoic extensional basins in the China-Mongolia border region.Geological Bulletin of China,21(4) : 224-231．
任战利,刘池阳,张小会,吴汉宁.2000． 酒东盆地热演化史与油气关系研究.沉积学报,18(4) :619-623．Ren Zhanli,Liu Chiyang,Zhang Xiaohui and Wu Hanning.2000． Research on the relations between geothermal history and oilgas generation in Jiudong Basin.Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,18(4) : 619-623．
王成善,朱利东,刘志飞.2004． 青藏高原北部盆地构造沉积演化与高原向北生长过程.地球科学进展,19(3) :373-381． Wang Chengshan.Zhu Lidong and Liu Zhifei.2004． Tectonic and sedimentary evolution of basins in the north of Qianghai-Tibet Plateau and northward growing process of Qianghai-Tibet Plateau.Advance in Earth Sciences,19(3) : 373-381．
王晓丰,张志诚,郭召杰,张臣.2004． 酒西盆地南缘旱峡早白垩世火山岩地球化学特征及其构造意义.高校地质学报,10(4) :569-577．Wang Xiaofeng,Zhang Zhicheng,Guo Zhaojie and Zhang Chen.2004． Geochemical characteristics and tectonic significance of the Early Cretaceous volcanic rocks in the southern margin of Jiuxi Basin.Geological Journal of China Universities,10(4) : 569-577．
王晓丰,张志诚,郭召杰,张臣,龚建业.2008． 酒西盆地早白垩世沉积特征及原型盆地恢复.石油与天然气地质,29(3) :303-311． Wang Xiaofeng,Zhang Zhichen,Guo Zhaojie,Zhang Chen and Gong Jianye.2008． Sedimentary characteristics of the Lower Cretaceous and reconstruction of the prototype basin in the Jiuxi Basin.Oil & Gas Geology,29(3) : 303-311．
徐旺.1994． 酒泉东部盆地侏罗系的喷油与盆地分析.石油实验地质,16(2) :103-118． Xu Wang.1994． Oil injection and basin study of the Jurassic in eastern Jiuquan Basin.Experimental Petroleum Geology,16(2) : 103-118．
杨经绥,孟繁聪,张建新,李海兵.2001． 重新认识阿尔金断裂东段红柳峡火山岩的时代及构造意义.中国科学(D辑),31(增刊):83-89． Yang Jingsui,Meng Fancong,Zhang Jianxin and Li Haibing.2001． The shoshonitic volcanic rocks at Hongliuxia:Pulses of the Altyn Tagh fault in Cretaceous? Science in China(Series D),44(suppl.): 94-102．
玉门油田石油地质志编写组.1989． 中国石油地质志(卷13) .北京:石油工业出版社.1-441． Yumen Oil Field Editorial Group of "Petroleum Geology of China".1989． Petroleum Geology of China(Vol.13) .Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press.1-441．
张岳桥,廖昌珍.2006． 晚中生代-新生代构造体制转换与鄂尔多斯盆地改造.中国地质,33(1) :28-40． Zhang Yueqiao and Liao Changzhen.2006． Transition of the Late Mesozoic-Cenozoic tectonic regimes and modification of the Ordos Basin.Geology in China,33(1) : 28-40．
郑荣才,王成善,朱利东,刘红军,方国玉,杜文博,王崇孝,汪满福.2003． 酒西盆地首例湖相“白烟型”喷流岩--热水沉积白云岩的发现及其意义.成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),30(1) :1-7． Zheng Rongcai,Wang Chengshan,Zhu Lidong,Liu Hongjun,Fang Guoyu,Du Wenbo,Wang Chongxiao and Wang Manfu.2003． Discovery of the first example of "White smoke type" of exhalative rock(hydrothermal sedimentary dolostone)in Jiuxi Basin and its significance.Journal of Chengdu University of Tecknology(Science & Technology Edition),30(1) : 1-7． (12) : 3027-3038．
郑荣才,文华国,范铭涛,汪满福,吴国瑄,夏佩芬.2006． 酒西盆地下沟组湖相白烟型喷流岩岩石学特征.岩石学报,22(12) :3027-3038． Zheng Rongcai,Wen Huaguo,Fan Mingtao,Wang Manfu,Wu Guoxuan and Xia Peifen.2006． Lithological characteristics of sublacustrine white smoke type exhalative rock of the Xiagou Formation in Jiuxi Basin.Acta Petrologica Sinica,22(12) : 3027-3038．
Graham S A,Hendrix M S,Johnson C L,Badamgarav D,Badarch G,Amory J,Porter M,Barsbold R,Webb L E and Hacker B R.2001． Sedimentary record and tectonic implications of Mesozoic rifting in southeast Mongolia.GSA Bulletin,113(12) : 1560-1579．
Meng Q R,Hu J M,Jin J Q,Zhang Y and Xu D F.2003． Tectonics of the Late Mesozoic wide extensional basin system in the China-Mongolia border region.Basin Research,15(3) : 397-415．
Morton A C and Hallsworth C.1994． Identifying provenance-specific features of detrital heavy mineral assemblages in sandstones.Sedimentary Geology,90(3-4) : 241-256．
Prost G L.2004． Tectonics and hydrocarbon systems of the east Gobi Basin,Mongolia.AAPG Bulletin,88(4) : 483-513．
Van Der Beek P A,DeIvaux D,Andriessen P A M and Levi K G.1996． Early Cretaceous denudation related to convergent tectonics in the Baikal region,SE Siberia.Journal of the Geological Society,153(4) : 515-523．
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