塔河油田加里东中期第Ⅲ幕岩溶作用
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摘要
对塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩岩溶期次的研究一直处于从未间断和不断更新的状态。通过岩石学、沉积学、地震学等研究表明,塔河油田存在加里东中期第Ⅲ幕岩溶作用。其表现为在桑塔木组顶面发育近南北走向的古河流侵蚀沟谷、志留系覆盖区内桑塔木组地层的残留厚度呈现为北薄南厚等一系列识别标志。该幕岩溶的主要作用层位为中—下奥陶统纯灰岩地层,主要作用区域为西北部古地貌高处,在桑塔木组尖灭线以北地区呈现为暴露风化壳岩溶,以南地区则主要表现为沿断裂发生的岩溶作用。
Researches on the karst stage of Ordovician carbonates in the Tahe Oilfield have been ceaselessly renewed.Predecessors considered that there were mainly mid-Caledonian(Episode Ⅰ,Episode Ⅱ) karst and early-Hercynian karst in the Tahe Oilfield.However,through the study of petrology,sedimentology and seismology,this paper concluded that the Episode Ⅲ karst of mid-Caledonian existed in the Tahe Oilfield.The evidence indicated a series of recognition markers,such as there developed a corroded valley of a NS-trend paleo-river at the top of the Sangtamu Formation and the residual thickness of the formation within the Silurian coverage became thinner from southeast to northwest,etc.The main layer and area affected by the Episode Ⅲ were in the middle-lower Ordovician pure limestone stratum and the northwestern paleo-geographic high,respectively.Restricted by an aquifuge of the Sangtamu Formation and the global ice age from the end of Ordovician to early Silurian,this karst was represented by an exposed weathering crust and the karstification occurring along fractures,respectively in the north and the south to the wedge out of the Sangtamu Formation.
Researches on the karst stage of Ordovician carbonates in the Tahe Oilfield have been ceaselessly renewed.Predecessors considered that there were mainly mid-Caledonian(Episode Ⅰ,Episode Ⅱ) karst and early-Hercynian karst in the Tahe Oilfield.However,through the study of petrology,sedimentology and seismology,this paper concluded that the Episode Ⅲ karst of mid-Caledonian existed in the Tahe Oilfield.The evidence indicated a series of recognition markers,such as there developed a corroded valley of a NS-trend paleo-river at the top of the Sangtamu Formation and the residual thickness of the formation within the Silurian coverage became thinner from southeast to northwest,etc.The main layer and area affected by the Episode Ⅲ were in the middle-lower Ordovician pure limestone stratum and the northwestern paleo-geographic high,respectively.Restricted by an aquifuge of the Sangtamu Formation and the global ice age from the end of Ordovician to early Silurian,this karst was represented by an exposed weathering crust and the karstification occurring along fractures,respectively in the north and the south to the wedge out of the Sangtamu Formation.
引文
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[3]张抗.塔河油田似层状储集体的发现及勘探方向[J].石油学报,2003,24(5):4-9.Zhang Kang.Discovery and exploration of like-layered reservoirin Tahe Oilfield of Tarim Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2003,24(5):4-9.
[4]刘存革,李涛,吕海涛,等.阿克库勒凸起中-上奥陶统地层划分及加里东中期第Ⅰ幕古喀斯特特征[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2010,37(1):55-62.Liu Cunge,Li Tao,LüHaitao,et al.Stratigraphic division ofMiddle-Upper Ordovician and characteristics of the first episodekarstification of Middle Caledonian in Akekule uplift,Xinjiang,China[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology:Science&Technology Edition,2010,37(1):55-62.
[5]张达景,吕海涛,张涛,等.塔河油田加里东期岩溶储层特征及分布预测[J].沉积学报,2007,25(2):215-220.Zhang Dajing,LüHaitao,Zhang Tao,et al.Characteristics ofCaledonian karstification reservoir in Tahe Oilfield and its distri-bution[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2007,25(2):215-220.
[6]焦方正,翟晓先.海相碳酸盐岩非常规大油气田———塔河油田勘探研究与实践[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2008:140-152.Jiao Fangzheng,Zhai Xiaoxian.Huge unconventional oil-field of mari-num-facies carbonate:Exploration research and practice in Tahe Oil-field[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2008:140-152.
[7]张涛,蔡希源.塔河地区加里东中期古岩溶作用及分布模式[J].地质学报,2007,81(8):1126-1130.Zhang Tao,Cai Xiyuan.Caledonian paleo-karstification and itscharacteristics in Tahe area,Tarim Basin[J].Acta Geologica Sin-ica,2007,81(8):1126-1130.
[8]闫相宾,李铁军,张涛,等.塔中与塔河地区奥陶系岩溶储层形成条件的差异[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(2):202-207.Yan Xiangbin,Li Tiejun,Zhang Tao,et al.Differences betweenformation conditions of Ordovician karstic reservoirs in Tazhongand Tahe areas[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2005,26(2):202-207.
[9]李会军,丁勇,周新桂,等.塔河油田奥陶系海西早期、加里东中期岩溶对比研究[J].地质论评,2010,56(3):413-424.Li Huijun,Ding Yong,Zhou Xingui,et al.Study on Hercynian andMiddle Caledonian karstification of Ordovician in the Tahe Oilfield,Tarim Basin[J].Geological Review,2010,56(3):413-424.
[10]俞仁连,傅恒.构造运动对塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩的影响[J].天然气勘探与开发,2006,29(2):1-5.Yu Renlian,Fu Heng.Influence of tectonic movement on Ordovi-cian carbonates of Tahe Oilfield[J].Natural Gas Exploration andDevelopment,2006,29(2):1-5.
[11]陈景山,李忠,王振宇,等.塔里木盆地奥陶系碳酸盐岩古岩溶作用与储层分布[J].沉积学报,2007,25(6):858-868.Chen Jingshan,Li Zhong,Wang Zhenyu,et al.Paleokarstificationand reservoir distribution of Ordovician carbonates in Tarim Ba-sin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2007,25(6):858-868.
[12]康玉柱.塔里木盆地寒武—奥陶系古岩溶特征与油气分布(为庆祝克拉玛依油田勘探开发50周年而作)[J].新疆石油地质,2005,26(5):475-478.Kang Yuzhu.Palaeokarst of Cambro-Ordovician and oil-gas dis-tribution in Tarim Basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2005,26(5):475-478.
[13]陈学时,易万霞,卢文忠.中国油气田古岩溶与油气储层[J].海相油气地质,2002,7(4):13-25.Chen Xueshi,Yi Wanxia,Lu Wenzhong.The paleokarst reser-voirs in the oil and gas fields in China[J].Marine Origin Petrole-um Geology,2002,7(4):13-25.
[14]王光付.碳酸盐岩溶洞型储层综合识别及预测方法[J].石油学报,2008,29(1):48-50.Wang Guangfu.Integrative identification and prediction methodsfor carbonate rock cave reservoir[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2008,29(1):48-50.
[15]邓胜徽,黄智斌,景秀春,等.塔里木盆地西部奥陶系内部不整合[J].地质论评,2008,54(6):741-747.Deng Shenghui,Huang Zhibin,Jing Xiuchun,et al.Unconformi-ties in the Ordovician of western Tarim Basin,NW China[J].Ge-ological Review,2008,54(6):741-747.
[16]吕海涛,张达景,杨迎春.塔河油田奥陶系油藏古岩溶表生作用期次划分[J].地质科技情报,2009,28(6):71-75.LüHaitao,Zhang Dajing,Yang Yingchun.Stages of paleokarstichypergenesis in Ordovician reservoir,Tahe Oilfield[J].Geolog-ical Science and Technology Information,2009,28(6):71-75.
[17]刘存革,李国蓉,张一伟,等.锶同位素在古岩溶研究中的应用——以塔河油田奥陶系为例[J].地质学报,2007,81(10):1398-1404.Liu Cunge,Li Guorong,Zhang Yiwei,et al.Application of stron-tium isotope to the study of paleokarst:An case from Ordovicianin the Tahe Oilfield,Tarim Basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2007,81(10):1398-1404.
[18]刘显凤,蔡忠贤,云露,等.塔河油田岩溶作用元素地球化学的特征响应[J].石油实验地质,2009,31(3):271-274.Liu Xianfeng,Cai Zhongxian,Yun Lu,et al.Element geochemis-try characteristic response for karstification in the Tahe Oilfield[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2009,31(3):271-274.
[2]梁狄刚.塔里木盆地轮南—塔河奥陶系油田发现史的回顾与展望[J].石油学报,2008,29(1):153-158.Liang Digang.Review and expectation on the discovery of Ordo-vician Lunnan-Tahe Oilfield,Tarim Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sini-ca,2008,29(1):153-158.
[3]张抗.塔河油田似层状储集体的发现及勘探方向[J].石油学报,2003,24(5):4-9.Zhang Kang.Discovery and exploration of like-layered reservoirin Tahe Oilfield of Tarim Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2003,24(5):4-9.
[4]刘存革,李涛,吕海涛,等.阿克库勒凸起中-上奥陶统地层划分及加里东中期第Ⅰ幕古喀斯特特征[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2010,37(1):55-62.Liu Cunge,Li Tao,LüHaitao,et al.Stratigraphic division ofMiddle-Upper Ordovician and characteristics of the first episodekarstification of Middle Caledonian in Akekule uplift,Xinjiang,China[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology:Science&Technology Edition,2010,37(1):55-62.
[5]张达景,吕海涛,张涛,等.塔河油田加里东期岩溶储层特征及分布预测[J].沉积学报,2007,25(2):215-220.Zhang Dajing,LüHaitao,Zhang Tao,et al.Characteristics ofCaledonian karstification reservoir in Tahe Oilfield and its distri-bution[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2007,25(2):215-220.
[6]焦方正,翟晓先.海相碳酸盐岩非常规大油气田———塔河油田勘探研究与实践[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2008:140-152.Jiao Fangzheng,Zhai Xiaoxian.Huge unconventional oil-field of mari-num-facies carbonate:Exploration research and practice in Tahe Oil-field[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2008:140-152.
[7]张涛,蔡希源.塔河地区加里东中期古岩溶作用及分布模式[J].地质学报,2007,81(8):1126-1130.Zhang Tao,Cai Xiyuan.Caledonian paleo-karstification and itscharacteristics in Tahe area,Tarim Basin[J].Acta Geologica Sin-ica,2007,81(8):1126-1130.
[8]闫相宾,李铁军,张涛,等.塔中与塔河地区奥陶系岩溶储层形成条件的差异[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(2):202-207.Yan Xiangbin,Li Tiejun,Zhang Tao,et al.Differences betweenformation conditions of Ordovician karstic reservoirs in Tazhongand Tahe areas[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2005,26(2):202-207.
[9]李会军,丁勇,周新桂,等.塔河油田奥陶系海西早期、加里东中期岩溶对比研究[J].地质论评,2010,56(3):413-424.Li Huijun,Ding Yong,Zhou Xingui,et al.Study on Hercynian andMiddle Caledonian karstification of Ordovician in the Tahe Oilfield,Tarim Basin[J].Geological Review,2010,56(3):413-424.
[10]俞仁连,傅恒.构造运动对塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩的影响[J].天然气勘探与开发,2006,29(2):1-5.Yu Renlian,Fu Heng.Influence of tectonic movement on Ordovi-cian carbonates of Tahe Oilfield[J].Natural Gas Exploration andDevelopment,2006,29(2):1-5.
[11]陈景山,李忠,王振宇,等.塔里木盆地奥陶系碳酸盐岩古岩溶作用与储层分布[J].沉积学报,2007,25(6):858-868.Chen Jingshan,Li Zhong,Wang Zhenyu,et al.Paleokarstificationand reservoir distribution of Ordovician carbonates in Tarim Ba-sin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2007,25(6):858-868.
[12]康玉柱.塔里木盆地寒武—奥陶系古岩溶特征与油气分布(为庆祝克拉玛依油田勘探开发50周年而作)[J].新疆石油地质,2005,26(5):475-478.Kang Yuzhu.Palaeokarst of Cambro-Ordovician and oil-gas dis-tribution in Tarim Basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2005,26(5):475-478.
[13]陈学时,易万霞,卢文忠.中国油气田古岩溶与油气储层[J].海相油气地质,2002,7(4):13-25.Chen Xueshi,Yi Wanxia,Lu Wenzhong.The paleokarst reser-voirs in the oil and gas fields in China[J].Marine Origin Petrole-um Geology,2002,7(4):13-25.
[14]王光付.碳酸盐岩溶洞型储层综合识别及预测方法[J].石油学报,2008,29(1):48-50.Wang Guangfu.Integrative identification and prediction methodsfor carbonate rock cave reservoir[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2008,29(1):48-50.
[15]邓胜徽,黄智斌,景秀春,等.塔里木盆地西部奥陶系内部不整合[J].地质论评,2008,54(6):741-747.Deng Shenghui,Huang Zhibin,Jing Xiuchun,et al.Unconformi-ties in the Ordovician of western Tarim Basin,NW China[J].Ge-ological Review,2008,54(6):741-747.
[16]吕海涛,张达景,杨迎春.塔河油田奥陶系油藏古岩溶表生作用期次划分[J].地质科技情报,2009,28(6):71-75.LüHaitao,Zhang Dajing,Yang Yingchun.Stages of paleokarstichypergenesis in Ordovician reservoir,Tahe Oilfield[J].Geolog-ical Science and Technology Information,2009,28(6):71-75.
[17]刘存革,李国蓉,张一伟,等.锶同位素在古岩溶研究中的应用——以塔河油田奥陶系为例[J].地质学报,2007,81(10):1398-1404.Liu Cunge,Li Guorong,Zhang Yiwei,et al.Application of stron-tium isotope to the study of paleokarst:An case from Ordovicianin the Tahe Oilfield,Tarim Basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2007,81(10):1398-1404.
[18]刘显凤,蔡忠贤,云露,等.塔河油田岩溶作用元素地球化学的特征响应[J].石油实验地质,2009,31(3):271-274.Liu Xianfeng,Cai Zhongxian,Yun Lu,et al.Element geochemis-try characteristic response for karstification in the Tahe Oilfield[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2009,31(3):271-274.
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