西昆仑山前甫沙—克里阳地区新生代变形特征及油气控制作用
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摘要
甫沙—克里阳地区位于西昆仑山弧形构造带的东段,是研究西昆仑山前冲断带变形特征的关键区域。在详细地面地质调查和钻井分析的基础上,利用最近完成的高分辨率地震资料,对甫沙—克里阳地区的新生代构造变形特征进行了研究。认为研究区自南向北由甫沙、柯克亚和固满—合什塔格3排构造带组成,其中甫沙构造带的结构特征在横向上有较大差异;3排构造带变形时间由南向北变新,冲断带表现为"前展式"的变形,同一排构造带的变形存在着由西向东迁移的特征;研究区新生代总缩短量为54.5km,缩短率为35.9%;新生代构造变形对研究区的油气聚集具有重要的控制作用,甫沙构造带的深层构造是下一步最有利的勘探领域。
The Fushan-Keliyang area is situated in the eastern segment of the western Kunlun arc tectonic belt,providing key constraints for studying deformation characters of the western Kunlun piedmont thrust belt.Combined with geologic survey,drilling data and recent high-resolution seismic profiles,this study analyzed the Cenozoic deformation characters of the Fushan-Keliayang area.The present paper proposed that the studied area consisted of three ranges of structural belts from south to north,i.e.Fusha,Kekeya and Guman-Heshitag,of which the Fusha structural belt showed obviously lateral variations in configuration characters.Among these structural belts,the deformed timing of individual structural belts got younger northward,displaying characters of "break-forward" deformation.Within the each range of structural belts,deformation propagated from west to east.Based on the balanced section calculation,the total shortening of the Cenozoic structural belts in the Fusha-Keliyang area accounted for 54.5 km and the shortening rate was 35.9%.Therefore,the Cenozoic deformation greatly controlled hydrocarbon accumulation,and deep structures of the Fusha structural belts were considered to be the best target for hydrocarbon exploration.
The Fushan-Keliyang area is situated in the eastern segment of the western Kunlun arc tectonic belt,providing key constraints for studying deformation characters of the western Kunlun piedmont thrust belt.Combined with geologic survey,drilling data and recent high-resolution seismic profiles,this study analyzed the Cenozoic deformation characters of the Fushan-Keliayang area.The present paper proposed that the studied area consisted of three ranges of structural belts from south to north,i.e.Fusha,Kekeya and Guman-Heshitag,of which the Fusha structural belt showed obviously lateral variations in configuration characters.Among these structural belts,the deformed timing of individual structural belts got younger northward,displaying characters of "break-forward" deformation.Within the each range of structural belts,deformation propagated from west to east.Based on the balanced section calculation,the total shortening of the Cenozoic structural belts in the Fusha-Keliyang area accounted for 54.5 km and the shortening rate was 35.9%.Therefore,the Cenozoic deformation greatly controlled hydrocarbon accumulation,and deep structures of the Fusha structural belts were considered to be the best target for hydrocarbon exploration.
引文
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[10]伍秀芳,刘胜,汪新,等.帕米尔—西昆仑北麓新生代前陆褶皱冲断带构造剖面分析[J].地质科学,2004,39(2):260-271.Wu Xiufang,Liu Sheng,Wang Xin,et al.Analysis on structuralsections in the Cenozoic Pamir-Western Kunlun foreland fold-and-thrust belt[J].Chinese Journal of Geology,2004,39(2):260-271.
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[12]曲国胜,李亦纲,李岩峰,等.塔里木盆地西南前陆构造分段及其成因[J].中国科学:D辑,2005,35(3):193-202.Qu Guosheng,Li Yigang,Li Yanfeng,et al.Tectonic segmenta-tion andits origin of Southwestern Tari mForeland Basin[J].Sci-ence in China:Series D,2005,35(3):193-202.
[13]刘胜,汪新,伍秀芳,等.塔西南山前晚新生代构造生长地层与变形时代[J].石油学报,2004,25(5):24-28.Liu Sheng,Wang Xin,Wu Xiufang,et al.Growth strata and thedeformation ti me of the late Cenozoic along front belts of Pamir-western Kunlun-southwest Tianshan in China[J].Acta PetroleiSinica,2004,25(5):24-28.
[14]潘家伟,李海兵,Jerome Van Der Woerd,等.西昆仑山前冲断带晚新生代构造地貌特征[J].地质通报,2007,26(10):1368-1379.Pan Jiawei,Li Haibing,Jerome Van Der Woerd,et al.Late Ceno-zoic morphotectonic features of the thrust belt in the front of theWest Kunlun Mountains[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2007,26(10):1368-1379.
[15]贾承造.中国塔里木盆地构造特征与油气[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997:238-242.Jia Chengzao.Structural characteristics and petroleumaccumula-tion of the Tari m Basin[M].Beijing:PetroleumIndustry Press,1997:238-242.
[16]赵冬冬,陈汉林,杨树锋,等.西昆仑甜水海地区前陆褶皱冲断带的构造样式及其演化[J].地质学报,2000,74(2):134-141.Zhao Dongdong,Chen Hanlin,Yang Shufeng,et al.Structuralstyles of the foreland fold and thrust belt in the Tianshuihai are-a,western Kunlun,andits tectonic evolution[J].Chinese Journalof Geology,2000,74(2):134-141.
[17]牟中海,唐勇,崔炳富,等.塔西南地区地层剥蚀厚度恢复研究[J].石油学报,2002,23(1):40-44.Mou Zhonghai,Tang Yong,Cui Bingfu,et al.Erosion thicknessrestorationin southwest Tari m Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2002,23(1):40-44.
[18]何登发,李德生.塔里木盆地构造演化与油气聚集[M].北京:地质出版社,1996:55-56.He Dengfa,Li Desheng.Tectonic proto-type and hydrocarbon ac-cumulation in Tari m Basin[M].Beijing:Geological PublishingHouse,1996:55-56.
[19]贾承造,何登发,石昕,等.中国油气晚期成藏特征[J].中国科学:D辑,2006,36(5):412-420.Jia Chengzao,He Dengfa,Shi Xin,et al.Characteristics of China’s oil and gas pool formation in latest geological history[J].Sci-ence in China:Series D,2006,36(5):412-420.
[20]宋岩,王喜双.新构造运动对天然气晚期成藏的控制作用[J].天然气地球科学,2003,14(2):103-106.Song Yan,Wang Xishuang.The controlling action of modernstructure movement on the late accumulation of natural Gas[J].Earth Science of Natural Gas,2003,14(2):103-106.
[21]何登发,陈红英,柳少波.柯克亚凝析油气田的成藏机理[J].石油勘探与开发,1997,24(4):28-32.He Dengfa,Chen Hongying,Liu Shaobo.Pool-forming mecha-nismof Kekeya condensate oil and gas field[J].PetroleumExplo-ration and Development,1997,24(4):28-32.
[22]张敏,黄光辉,赵红静,等.塔里木盆地柯克亚地区凝析油气藏成因特征研究[J].中国科学:D辑,2008,38(增刊Ⅱ):17-23.Zhang Min,Huang Guanghui,Zhao Hongjing,et al.Study on ori-gin of of Kekeya condensate oil and gas pool,Tari m Basin[J].Science in China:Series D,2008,38(Supplement II):17-23.
[23]李丹梅,汤达祯,刑卫新,等.塔西南前陆冲断带油气成藏地质条件的分段性[J].地学前缘,2008,15(2):178-185.Li Danmei,Tang Dazhen,Xing Weixin,et al.Segmentation char-acteristics of geological conditions for reservoir forming in theforeland fold-thrust zone of the southwest Tari mBasin[J].EarthScience Frontiers,2008,15(2):178-185.
[2]Burt man VS.Cenozoic crustal shortening betweenthe Pamir andTienShan and a reconstruction of the Pamir-TienShan transitionzone for the Cretaceous and Palaeogene[J].Tectonophysics,2000,319(2):69-92.
[3]Edward Soel R,Trevor Dumitru A.Thrusting and exhumation a-round the margins of the western Tari m basin during the India-Asia collision[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1997,102(B3):5043-5063.
[4]Jin Xiaochi,Wang Jun,Chen Bingwei,et al.Cenozoic depositionalsequences in the piedmont of the west Kunlun and their paleo-geographic and tectonic i mplications[J].Journal of Asian EarthSciences,2003,21:755-765.
[5]郑洪波,Katherine Butcher,Chris Powell.新疆叶城晚新生代山前盆地演化与青藏高原北缘的隆升——I.地层学与岩石学证据[J].沉积学报,2002,20(2):274-281.Zheng Hongbo,Butcher Katherine,Powell Chris.Evolution ofNeogene foreland basinin Yecheng,Xinjiang,and uplift of north-ern Tibetan Plateau:I.stratigraphy and petrology[J].Acta Sedi-mentologica Sinica,2002,20(2):274-281.
[6]郑洪波,Katherine Butcher,Chris Powell.新疆叶城晚新生代山前盆地演化与青藏高原北缘的隆升——Ⅱ沉积相与沉积盆地演化[J].沉积学报,2002,21(1):46-51.Zheng Hongbo,Butcher Katherine,Powell Chris.Evolution ofNeogene foreland basinin Yecheng,Xinjiang,and uplift of north-ern Tibetan Plateau:II facies analysis[J].Acta Sedi mentologicaSinica,2002,21(1):46-51.
[7]司家亮,李海兵,Laurie Barrier,等.青藏高原西北缘晚新生代的隆升特征——来自西昆仑山前盆地的沉积学证据[J].地质通报,2007,26(10):1356-1367.Si Jialiang,Li Haibing,Laurie Barrier,et al.Late Cenozoic upliftof the northwestern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau:Sedi-mentary evidence from piedmont basins of the West KunlunMountains[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2007,26(10):1356-1367.
[8]康竹林,翟光明.中国的前陆盆地与油气聚集[J].石油学报,1995,16(4):1-8.Kang Zhulin,Zhai Guangming.Foreland basins and their hydro-carbon potential in China[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1995,16(4):1-8.
[9]肖安成,杨树峰,陈汉林,等.西昆仑山前冲断系的结构特征[J].地学前缘,2000,7(增刊):38-43.Xiao Ancheng,Yang Shufeng,Chen Hanlin,et al.Structuralcharacteristics of thrust systemin the front of the west KunlunMountains[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2000,7(Supplement):38-43.
[10]伍秀芳,刘胜,汪新,等.帕米尔—西昆仑北麓新生代前陆褶皱冲断带构造剖面分析[J].地质科学,2004,39(2):260-271.Wu Xiufang,Liu Sheng,Wang Xin,et al.Analysis on structuralsections in the Cenozoic Pamir-Western Kunlun foreland fold-and-thrust belt[J].Chinese Journal of Geology,2004,39(2):260-271.
[11]胡建中,谭应佳,张平,等.塔里木盆地西南缘山前带逆冲推覆构造特征[J].地学前缘,2008,15(2):222-230.Hu Jianzhong,Tan Yingjia,Zhang Ping,et al.Structural featuresof Cenozoic thrust-fault belts in the piedmont of SouthwesternTari m Basin[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2008,15(2):222-230.
[12]曲国胜,李亦纲,李岩峰,等.塔里木盆地西南前陆构造分段及其成因[J].中国科学:D辑,2005,35(3):193-202.Qu Guosheng,Li Yigang,Li Yanfeng,et al.Tectonic segmenta-tion andits origin of Southwestern Tari mForeland Basin[J].Sci-ence in China:Series D,2005,35(3):193-202.
[13]刘胜,汪新,伍秀芳,等.塔西南山前晚新生代构造生长地层与变形时代[J].石油学报,2004,25(5):24-28.Liu Sheng,Wang Xin,Wu Xiufang,et al.Growth strata and thedeformation ti me of the late Cenozoic along front belts of Pamir-western Kunlun-southwest Tianshan in China[J].Acta PetroleiSinica,2004,25(5):24-28.
[14]潘家伟,李海兵,Jerome Van Der Woerd,等.西昆仑山前冲断带晚新生代构造地貌特征[J].地质通报,2007,26(10):1368-1379.Pan Jiawei,Li Haibing,Jerome Van Der Woerd,et al.Late Ceno-zoic morphotectonic features of the thrust belt in the front of theWest Kunlun Mountains[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2007,26(10):1368-1379.
[15]贾承造.中国塔里木盆地构造特征与油气[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997:238-242.Jia Chengzao.Structural characteristics and petroleumaccumula-tion of the Tari m Basin[M].Beijing:PetroleumIndustry Press,1997:238-242.
[16]赵冬冬,陈汉林,杨树锋,等.西昆仑甜水海地区前陆褶皱冲断带的构造样式及其演化[J].地质学报,2000,74(2):134-141.Zhao Dongdong,Chen Hanlin,Yang Shufeng,et al.Structuralstyles of the foreland fold and thrust belt in the Tianshuihai are-a,western Kunlun,andits tectonic evolution[J].Chinese Journalof Geology,2000,74(2):134-141.
[17]牟中海,唐勇,崔炳富,等.塔西南地区地层剥蚀厚度恢复研究[J].石油学报,2002,23(1):40-44.Mou Zhonghai,Tang Yong,Cui Bingfu,et al.Erosion thicknessrestorationin southwest Tari m Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2002,23(1):40-44.
[18]何登发,李德生.塔里木盆地构造演化与油气聚集[M].北京:地质出版社,1996:55-56.He Dengfa,Li Desheng.Tectonic proto-type and hydrocarbon ac-cumulation in Tari m Basin[M].Beijing:Geological PublishingHouse,1996:55-56.
[19]贾承造,何登发,石昕,等.中国油气晚期成藏特征[J].中国科学:D辑,2006,36(5):412-420.Jia Chengzao,He Dengfa,Shi Xin,et al.Characteristics of China’s oil and gas pool formation in latest geological history[J].Sci-ence in China:Series D,2006,36(5):412-420.
[20]宋岩,王喜双.新构造运动对天然气晚期成藏的控制作用[J].天然气地球科学,2003,14(2):103-106.Song Yan,Wang Xishuang.The controlling action of modernstructure movement on the late accumulation of natural Gas[J].Earth Science of Natural Gas,2003,14(2):103-106.
[21]何登发,陈红英,柳少波.柯克亚凝析油气田的成藏机理[J].石油勘探与开发,1997,24(4):28-32.He Dengfa,Chen Hongying,Liu Shaobo.Pool-forming mecha-nismof Kekeya condensate oil and gas field[J].PetroleumExplo-ration and Development,1997,24(4):28-32.
[22]张敏,黄光辉,赵红静,等.塔里木盆地柯克亚地区凝析油气藏成因特征研究[J].中国科学:D辑,2008,38(增刊Ⅱ):17-23.Zhang Min,Huang Guanghui,Zhao Hongjing,et al.Study on ori-gin of of Kekeya condensate oil and gas pool,Tari m Basin[J].Science in China:Series D,2008,38(Supplement II):17-23.
[23]李丹梅,汤达祯,刑卫新,等.塔西南前陆冲断带油气成藏地质条件的分段性[J].地学前缘,2008,15(2):178-185.Li Danmei,Tang Dazhen,Xing Weixin,et al.Segmentation char-acteristics of geological conditions for reservoir forming in theforeland fold-thrust zone of the southwest Tari mBasin[J].EarthScience Frontiers,2008,15(2):178-185.
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