海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷走滑断层特征及石油地质意义
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摘要
贝尔凹陷是海拉尔盆地中南部一个重要的早白垩世伸展断陷,受早期伸展作用和后期张扭作用的影响,走滑断层非常发育。利用地震剖面、时间切片等资料,首先分析了贝尔凹陷走滑断层的典型构造特征,由此识别出3组主要的走滑断层。然后探讨了贝尔凹陷走滑断层的成因机制,认为其发育受到早期基底伸展断层和后期张扭应力场的双重控制。在此基础上,提出了贝尔凹陷北部纯剪旋转、中南部单剪非旋转的走滑断层发育模式,即贝尔凹陷北部霍多莫尔地区发生岩石纯剪切变形,发育北东向和北北西向的共轭走滑断层,形成走滑旋转构造,而贝尔凹陷中南部的苏德尔特地区和敖脑海地区则发生岩石简单剪切变形,发育北东东向走滑断层。贝尔凹陷走滑断层可以提供有效圈闭并改善储层物性,有助于油气成藏。
Beier sag is an important Early Cretaceous rift sag in the south of Hailaer basin.Owing to the early structural extension and the late structural transtension,the strike-slip faults are developed in the Beier sag.By means of seismic profiles and time slices,we describe the typical structural characteristics of strike-slip faults,identify three groups of major strike-slip faults,and then discuss the genesis of strike-slip faults in the Beier sag.The development of these strike-slip faults are controlled by both early extension basement faults and late transtension stress field.We give two patterns for the development of strike-slip faults in the Beier sag;one is pure shear and strike-slip rotation in the north and the other is simple shear and non-rotation in the central and south.The rock deformation caused the pure shear in the Huodomoer district of northern Beier sag,and produced a pair of conjugated strike-slip faults in the NE and NNE directions,respectively.The conjugated strike slip faults made the so-called"strike-slip rotation" structure.On the other hand,the rock deformation made the simple shear in both Suderte district and Aonaohai district of central southern Beier sag,and formed the north east eastward strike-slip faults.The strike-slip faults are able to not only form the effective traps,but also improve the porosity and permeability of reservoir beds.Therefore,it is profitable to conduce to the formation of petroleum reservoir.
Beier sag is an important Early Cretaceous rift sag in the south of Hailaer basin.Owing to the early structural extension and the late structural transtension,the strike-slip faults are developed in the Beier sag.By means of seismic profiles and time slices,we describe the typical structural characteristics of strike-slip faults,identify three groups of major strike-slip faults,and then discuss the genesis of strike-slip faults in the Beier sag.The development of these strike-slip faults are controlled by both early extension basement faults and late transtension stress field.We give two patterns for the development of strike-slip faults in the Beier sag;one is pure shear and strike-slip rotation in the north and the other is simple shear and non-rotation in the central and south.The rock deformation caused the pure shear in the Huodomoer district of northern Beier sag,and produced a pair of conjugated strike-slip faults in the NE and NNE directions,respectively.The conjugated strike slip faults made the so-called"strike-slip rotation" structure.On the other hand,the rock deformation made the simple shear in both Suderte district and Aonaohai district of central southern Beier sag,and formed the north east eastward strike-slip faults.The strike-slip faults are able to not only form the effective traps,but also improve the porosity and permeability of reservoir beds.Therefore,it is profitable to conduce to the formation of petroleum reservoir.
引文
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[15]Zhu Zhicheng.Structural Geology[M].Beijing:China Univer-sity of Geosciences Press,1999.[朱志澄.构造地质学[M].北京:中国地质大学出版社,1999.]
[16]Kim Y S,Peacock D C P,Sanderson D J.Strike-slip faults anddamage zonesat Marslform,Gozo island,Malta[J].Journal ofStructural Geology,2003,25(5):793-812.
[17]Zou Dongbo,Wu Shiguo,Liu Gang,et al.The features of theNNE trending faults and its implication for hydrocarbon inthe Zhuanghai area,Bohaiwan basin[J].Natural Gas Geosci-ence,2004,15(5):503-507.[邹东波,吴时国,刘刚,等.渤海湾盆地桩海地区NNE向断层性质及其对油气的影响[J].天然气地球科学,2004,15(5):503-507.]
[2]Sun Yonghe,Wan Jun,Fu Xiaofei,et al.Evolutionary of faultsand its controls on fractures in buried hill in Beier depression[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2007,34(3):316-322.[孙永河,万军,付晓飞,等.贝尔凹陷断裂演化特征及其对潜山裂缝的控制[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(3):316-322.]
[3]Hou Yanping,Zhu Defeng,Ren Yanguang,et al.Structural e-volution of Beier depression and its controls on sediment andpetroleum[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,2008,32(3):300-307.[侯艳平,朱德丰,任延广,等.贝尔凹陷构造演化及其对沉积和油气的控制作用[J].大地构造与成矿学,2008,32(3):300-307.]
[4]Zhao Lihua,Chang Jinghui,Fu Xiaofei,et al.Formation andevolution of faults in Beier depression and their controls onburied hills and petroleum[J].Journal of Daqing PetroleumInstitute,2008,32(4):1-4.[赵利华,常井慧,付晓飞,等.贝尔凹陷断裂形成演化及对潜山和含油性的控制作用[J].大庆石油学院学报,2008,32(4):1-4.]
[5]Wu Heyong,Li Zishun,Feng Zihui,et al.Analysis on struc-tural features and reservoir-forming process in Urxun andBeier sags in Hailaer basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2006,27(supplement):1-6.[吴河勇,李子顺,冯子辉,等.海拉尔盆地乌尔逊—贝尔凹陷构造特征与油气成藏过程分析[J].石油学报,2006,27(增刊):1-6.]
[6]Liu Hefu,Xia Yiping,Yin Jinyin,et al.Coupling mechanismof strike slip oregon and basin[J].Earth Science Frontiers,1999,6(3):121-132.[刘和甫,夏义平,殷进垠,等.走滑造山带与盆地耦合机制[J].地学前缘,1999,6(3):121-132.]
[7]Cui Quanzhang,Sun Zengjiu.Fault features and petroleum ac-cumulation of Beier sag in Hailaer basin[J].Petroleum Geo-physical Exploration,2005,40(supplement):82-86.[崔全章,孙增玖.海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷断裂特征与油气富集规律[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(增刊):82-86.]
[8]Xia Yiping,Liu Wanhui,Xu Ligui,et al.Indentification sig-nals for strike-slip faults and their petroleum geological signif-icance[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2007,25(1):17-23.[夏义平,刘万辉,徐礼贵,等.走滑断层的识别标志及其石油地质意义[J].中国石油勘探,2007,25(1):17-23.]
[9]Qi Jiafu,Xia Yiping,Yang Qiao.Structural Analysis of OilField[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2006:95-141.[漆家福,夏义平,杨桥.油区构造分析[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2006:95-141.]
[10]Sun Hongbin,Zhang Fenglian.Relationship between strike-slip structures and oil-gas in Liaohe basin[J].Geotectonica etMetallogenia,2002,26(1):16-21.[孙洪斌,张凤莲.辽河盆地走滑构造特征与油气[J].大地构造与成矿学,2002,26(1):16-21.]
[11]Xu Chaohui,Xu Huaimin,Lin Jun,et al.256 strike slip faultcharacteristic and its geological significance in northwesternJunggar basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2008,29(3):309-310.[徐朝晖,徐怀民,林军,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘256走滑断裂带特征及地质意义[J].新疆石油地质,2008,29(3):309-310.]
[12]Yang Peng,Wang Liuzhu,Yu Chaohua,et al.Strike-slip struc-tural feature and its influence on the hydrocarbon accumula-tion in Kendong area,Jiyang depression[J].Natural Gas Geo-science,2009,20(1):100-107.[兖鹏,王六柱,余朝华,等.济阳坳陷垦东走滑断裂构造特征及其对油气成藏的影响[J].天然气地球科学,2009,20(1):100-107.]
[13]Groshong R H Jr.Comparative Structural Geology[M].Tus-caloosa:The University of Alabama,1995.
[14]Liu Hefu,Li Xiaoqing,Liu Liqun,et al.Petroleum play analy-sis and strike slip structural system mountain-basin coupling[J].Geoscience,2004,18(2):139-150.[刘和甫,李晓清,刘立群,等.走滑构造体系盆山耦合与区带分析[J].现代地质,2004,18(2):139-150.]
[15]Zhu Zhicheng.Structural Geology[M].Beijing:China Univer-sity of Geosciences Press,1999.[朱志澄.构造地质学[M].北京:中国地质大学出版社,1999.]
[16]Kim Y S,Peacock D C P,Sanderson D J.Strike-slip faults anddamage zonesat Marslform,Gozo island,Malta[J].Journal ofStructural Geology,2003,25(5):793-812.
[17]Zou Dongbo,Wu Shiguo,Liu Gang,et al.The features of theNNE trending faults and its implication for hydrocarbon inthe Zhuanghai area,Bohaiwan basin[J].Natural Gas Geosci-ence,2004,15(5):503-507.[邹东波,吴时国,刘刚,等.渤海湾盆地桩海地区NNE向断层性质及其对油气的影响[J].天然气地球科学,2004,15(5):503-507.]
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