南黄海海底大地电磁测深试验研究
摘要
针对南黄海盆地深层地震地质条件差,地震波受屏蔽.能量严重哀减,在海洋反射地震资料中很难识别反映中-古生界的反射地震波组,不能满足南黄海盆地前第三系油气资源前景评价的需要等问题,于2006年5月.开展了南黄海海域海底大地电磁测深试验,在盆地内五莲斜坡和胶州凹陷区布设了3个海底大地电磁测深点,取得了可靠的海底观测数据.本文详细阐述了海底大地电磁测深与常规大地电磁测深在数据处理方法上的差别,论述了海洋电磁噪声对海底大地电磁场观测的影响,提出了海底大地电磁场实测资料"水平姿态"校正、"方位"校正和"海洋电磁噪声"校正的方法.通过对试验观测资料的处理和反演,并结合地质、物性资料进行综合分析,结果表明在南黄海盆地海底以下深部还存留有古生代地层,这对于南黄海前第三系含油气前景的评价具有重要意义.试验结果也证明了海底大地电磁测深技术在研究古生代残留盆地方面的问题可以发挥相当好的作用.
Seismic energy is disturbed and attenuated seriously under the bad geological conditions for seismic exploration in southern Huanghai (Yellow Sea) basin,and therefore the Meso- Paleozoic wave group of marine reflection seismic cannot be recognized and the seismogram does not meet the requirement for evaluation of pre-Tertiary oil/gas resources in southern Huanghai basin.In May 2006,marine magnetotelluric (MT) sounding experiment was carried out and reliable data were acquired.In the experiment,3 MT stations were deployed in regions of Wulian slope and Jiaozhou depression.On the basis of analysis on discrimination between marine and land MT data processing and discussion of marine electromagnetic noises,the correct methods of marine MT data about instrument obliquity and orientation and marine noise are presented.The result of MT data processing and inversion integrating geological and petrophysical data shows the existence of Paleozoic formations and is significant for the evaluation of pre-Tertiary oil/gas resources in the southern Huanghai basin.The experiment provides the evidence that marine MT technique can play an important role in the investigation of Paleozoic sediment basins.
Seismic energy is disturbed and attenuated seriously under the bad geological conditions for seismic exploration in southern Huanghai (Yellow Sea) basin,and therefore the Meso- Paleozoic wave group of marine reflection seismic cannot be recognized and the seismogram does not meet the requirement for evaluation of pre-Tertiary oil/gas resources in southern Huanghai basin.In May 2006,marine magnetotelluric (MT) sounding experiment was carried out and reliable data were acquired.In the experiment,3 MT stations were deployed in regions of Wulian slope and Jiaozhou depression.On the basis of analysis on discrimination between marine and land MT data processing and discussion of marine electromagnetic noises,the correct methods of marine MT data about instrument obliquity and orientation and marine noise are presented.The result of MT data processing and inversion integrating geological and petrophysical data shows the existence of Paleozoic formations and is significant for the evaluation of pre-Tertiary oil/gas resources in the southern Huanghai basin.The experiment provides the evidence that marine MT technique can play an important role in the investigation of Paleozoic sediment basins.
引文
[1] 赵国泽,行武毅.滨野洋三等.东太平洋 Juan de Fuea 板块的大地电磁研究.地震地质,1990． 12(2) :159～167 Zhao G Z.Yukutaket.Hamanoy.et al.Investigation on magnetotelluric data of the Juan de Fuca plate in eastern Pacific ocean.Seismology and Geology(in Chinese).1990, 12(2) :159～167
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[10] 魏文博.我国大地电磁测深新进展及瞻望.地球物理学进展.2002． 17(2) :245～254 Wei W B.New advance and prospect of magnetotelluric sounding(MT)in China.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2002,17(2) :245～254
[11] 郑治真.数字信号处理基础.北京:地震出版社,1988． 133～136 Zhen Z Z.Principle of Digital Signal Process(in Chinese).Beijing:Seismological Press.1988． 133～136
[12] 倪维桢.高鸿翔.数据通信原理.北京:北京邮电大学出版社,1996． 35～36 Ni W Z.Gao H X.Principle of Digital Communication(in Chinese).Beijing:Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Press,1996． 35～36
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[14] 邓明,魏文博,高从友等.硬件系统集成--海底大地电磁测量的关键技术.现代地质,2002． 16(2) :214～219 Dang M.Wei W B,Gao C Y.et al.Hardware system integration-The key technique of seafloor magnetolelluric exploration.Geoscience(in Chinese),2002,16(2) :214～219
[15] 邓明,魏文博,余平等.海底大地电磁探测的海洋试验研究.现代地质,2002． 16(4) :443～447 Deng M.Wci W B,Yu P,et al.The marine experiments of seafloor magnetotelluric prospecting.Geoscience (in Chinese).2002,16(4) :443～447
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[17] 邓明.魏文博,谭捍东等.海底大地电磁数据采集器.地球物理学报,2003,46(2) :217～223 Deng M,Wei W B,Tan H D,et al.The collector for seafloor magnetotelleric data.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese).2003． 46(2) :217～223
[18] 吴时国.郭军华,喻普之.南黄海中新生代构造盆地的性质与成因.见:李家彪.高抒.中国边缘海岩石层结构与动力过程.北京:海洋出版社.2003． 68～79 Wu S G,Guo J H,Yu P Z.Origin and character of mid-Cenozoic tectonic basin in southern Huanghai(in Chinese).In:Li J B.Gao S.Terrain Structure and Dynamic Procedure in Sea Margin of China.Beijing:China Ocean Press,2003． 68～79
[19] 范时清,金翔龙.黄海南部大地构造性质初步探索.海洋与 湖沼,1962． 4(1-2) :110～111 Fan S Q. Jin X L.Primary study of Geotectonic characteristic in southern Huanghai. Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica(in Chinese),1962． 4(1-2) :110～111
[20] 叶安乐.李风.物理海洋学.青岛:青岛海洋大学出版社,1990 Ye A L,Li F.Physical Oceanography (in Chinese).Qingdao:China Ocean University Press.1990
[21] Weaver J T.Magnetic variations associated with ocean waves and swell.Journal of Geophysical Research,1965,70(6) :230～242
[22] Lilley F E M.Sea-surface observations of the magnetic signals of ocean.Geophysical Journal International,2004． 159(2) :565～572
[23] Lilley F E M.Magnetic signals generated by ocean swells.Preview,2003,102:64
[24] 石应骏.刘国栋.吴广耀等.大地电磁测深法教程.北京:地震出版社.1985． 23～34 Shi Y J, Liu G D.Wu G Y,et al.Tutorial of Magnetotelluric Method(in Chinese).Beijing:Seismological Press,1985． 23～34
[25] 多布林 M B.地球物理勘探概论.北京:石油工业出版社.1983． 598 Dobrin M B.Introduction to Geophysical Prospecting(in Chinese).Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1983． 598
[2] 赵国泽,行武毅,滨野洋三等.东太平洋 Juan de Fuca 板块的磁变研究.地球物理学报.1990,33(5) :521～529 Zhao G Z,Yukutaket,Hamanoy.et al.Investigation on magneto-variational data of the Juan de Fuca plate in eastern Pacific ocean.Chinese J.Geophys.(Acta Geophysica Sinica)(in Chinese).1990,33(5) :521～539
[3] 魏文博.邓明,谭捍东等.我国海底大地电磁测深技术研究的进展.地震地质.2001,23(2) :131～137 Wei W B.Deng M.Tan H D,et al.Development of marine magnetotelluric prospecting technique in China.Seismology and Geology(in Chinese).2001． 23(2) :131～137
[4] 傅良魁.电法勘探教程.北京:地质出版社.1983． 258～261 Fu L K.Electrical Method(in Chinese).Beijing:Geological Publishing House.1983． 258～261
[5] Louis Cagniard.Basic theory of the magnetotelluric method of geophysical prospecting.Geophysics,1953,18 (3) :605～635
[6] Nick A,Palshin.Oceanic electromagnetic studies:a review.Surveys in Geophysics.1996． 17:455～491
[7] Steve C Constable.Amold O.Hoversten G M,et al.Marine magnetotellurics for petroleum exploration Part I:A sea-floor equipment system.Geophysics,1998,63:816～825
[8] 邓明,魏文博.谭捍东等.海底大地电磁信号采集的技术难点.现代地质,2002,16(1) :94～99 Deng M.Wei W B.Tan H D.et al.Difficulties in the marine magnetotelluric signal acquisition.Geoscience(in Chinese).2002． 16(1) :94～99
[9] 陈乐寿.王光锷.大地电磁测深法.北京:地质出版社,1990． 1～8 Chen L S,Wang G E.Magnetotelluric Sounding Method(in Chinese).Beijing:Geological Publishing House.1990 1～8
[10] 魏文博.我国大地电磁测深新进展及瞻望.地球物理学进展.2002． 17(2) :245～254 Wei W B.New advance and prospect of magnetotelluric sounding(MT)in China.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2002,17(2) :245～254
[11] 郑治真.数字信号处理基础.北京:地震出版社,1988． 133～136 Zhen Z Z.Principle of Digital Signal Process(in Chinese).Beijing:Seismological Press.1988． 133～136
[12] 倪维桢.高鸿翔.数据通信原理.北京:北京邮电大学出版社,1996． 35～36 Ni W Z.Gao H X.Principle of Digital Communication(in Chinese).Beijing:Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Press,1996． 35～36
[13] 文圣常,余宙文.海浪理论与计算原理.北京:科学出版社.1985． 2～4 Wen S C,Yu Z W.Ocean Wave Theory and Computing Principle(in Chinese).Beijing:Science Press,1985． 2～4
[14] 邓明,魏文博,高从友等.硬件系统集成--海底大地电磁测量的关键技术.现代地质,2002． 16(2) :214～219 Dang M.Wei W B,Gao C Y.et al.Hardware system integration-The key technique of seafloor magnetolelluric exploration.Geoscience(in Chinese),2002,16(2) :214～219
[15] 邓明,魏文博,余平等.海底大地电磁探测的海洋试验研究.现代地质,2002． 16(4) :443～447 Deng M.Wci W B,Yu P,et al.The marine experiments of seafloor magnetotelluric prospecting.Geoscience (in Chinese).2002,16(4) :443～447
[16] 邓明,魏文博,谭捍东等.海底MT信号采集电路的设计.地学前缘.2003． 10(1) :155～161 Deng M,Wei W B,Tan H D.et al.The circuit design for the acquisition of seafloor MT signal.Earth Science Frontiers(in Chinese),2003,10(1) :155～161
[17] 邓明.魏文博,谭捍东等.海底大地电磁数据采集器.地球物理学报,2003,46(2) :217～223 Deng M,Wei W B,Tan H D,et al.The collector for seafloor magnetotelleric data.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese).2003． 46(2) :217～223
[18] 吴时国.郭军华,喻普之.南黄海中新生代构造盆地的性质与成因.见:李家彪.高抒.中国边缘海岩石层结构与动力过程.北京:海洋出版社.2003． 68～79 Wu S G,Guo J H,Yu P Z.Origin and character of mid-Cenozoic tectonic basin in southern Huanghai(in Chinese).In:Li J B.Gao S.Terrain Structure and Dynamic Procedure in Sea Margin of China.Beijing:China Ocean Press,2003． 68～79
[19] 范时清,金翔龙.黄海南部大地构造性质初步探索.海洋与 湖沼,1962． 4(1-2) :110～111 Fan S Q. Jin X L.Primary study of Geotectonic characteristic in southern Huanghai. Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica(in Chinese),1962． 4(1-2) :110～111
[20] 叶安乐.李风.物理海洋学.青岛:青岛海洋大学出版社,1990 Ye A L,Li F.Physical Oceanography (in Chinese).Qingdao:China Ocean University Press.1990
[21] Weaver J T.Magnetic variations associated with ocean waves and swell.Journal of Geophysical Research,1965,70(6) :230～242
[22] Lilley F E M.Sea-surface observations of the magnetic signals of ocean.Geophysical Journal International,2004． 159(2) :565～572
[23] Lilley F E M.Magnetic signals generated by ocean swells.Preview,2003,102:64
[24] 石应骏.刘国栋.吴广耀等.大地电磁测深法教程.北京:地震出版社.1985． 23～34 Shi Y J, Liu G D.Wu G Y,et al.Tutorial of Magnetotelluric Method(in Chinese).Beijing:Seismological Press,1985． 23～34
[25] 多布林 M B.地球物理勘探概论.北京:石油工业出版社.1983． 598 Dobrin M B.Introduction to Geophysical Prospecting(in Chinese).Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1983． 598
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