南天山与西昆仑帕米尔冲断带的空间对接关系研究
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摘要
利用人工和天然地震剖面解释,地面地质资料分析,研究了位于塔里木盆地西北缘的南天山与西昆仑帕米尔冲断带的空间对接关系.结果表明:在浅层阿图什与克拉托—明尧乐背斜带之间是来自于南天山与西昆仑帕米尔冲断带的构造结合带,南天山冲断带可分为浅层叠瓦式冲断系统和深层的隐伏双重冲断系统,西昆仑帕米尔冲断带以乌泊尔基底断裂为界分成北部的克拉托—明尧乐背斜带和南侧的乌泊尔背驮盆地;在深层塔里木地块受到新生代以来印度板块与欧亚板块的碰撞和乌泊尔右行走滑断裂的控制作用,产生南北两侧的双向大陆深俯冲作用,致使南天山与西昆仑仰冲于塔里木地块而抬升,形成南北两大新生代复活造山带.
Based on interpreting the artificial and natural seismic profiles,and analyzing the geologic survey data of the Northwestern margin of the Tarim basin,the spatial relationship of the Southern Tien Shan and Pamir of Western Kunlun thrust belts was studied.The results indicate that the structural junction of the two thrust belts at the shallow part was between the Atushi and Kelatuo-Mingyaole anticlinal belts.The Southern Tien Shan thrust belt can be divided into two parts vertically,an imbricate thrust system seated at the shallow and a complex duplex buried at the deep.The Pamir of the Western Kunlun thrust belt can be divided into two parts horizontally,the Kelatuo-Mingyaole anticlinal belt at the North and the Wuboer piggyback basin at the South which are separated by the Wuboer basement fault.At the deeper part,influenced by the collision of the Indian plate and Eurasia plate together,with the dextral strike-slip movement of the Wuboer fault since Cenozoic,the Tarim block subducted under the continental crust both at its north and south margins.This subduction caused the reactivation and uplift of the Southern Tienshan and Western Kunlun.
Based on interpreting the artificial and natural seismic profiles,and analyzing the geologic survey data of the Northwestern margin of the Tarim basin,the spatial relationship of the Southern Tien Shan and Pamir of Western Kunlun thrust belts was studied.The results indicate that the structural junction of the two thrust belts at the shallow part was between the Atushi and Kelatuo-Mingyaole anticlinal belts.The Southern Tien Shan thrust belt can be divided into two parts vertically,an imbricate thrust system seated at the shallow and a complex duplex buried at the deep.The Pamir of the Western Kunlun thrust belt can be divided into two parts horizontally,the Kelatuo-Mingyaole anticlinal belt at the North and the Wuboer piggyback basin at the South which are separated by the Wuboer basement fault.At the deeper part,influenced by the collision of the Indian plate and Eurasia plate together,with the dextral strike-slip movement of the Wuboer fault since Cenozoic,the Tarim block subducted under the continental crust both at its north and south margins.This subduction caused the reactivation and uplift of the Southern Tienshan and Western Kunlun.
引文
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[2]TAPPONNIER P,MOLNAR P.Active faulting and tectonics of China[J].Journal Geophys Res,1977,82:2905-2930.
[3]AVOUAC J P,PELTZER G.Active tectonics in southern Xinjiang,China:analysis of terrace riser and normal fault scarp degra-dation along the HotanQira fault system[J].Journal Geophys Res,1998(B12):21773-21807.
[4]SOBEL E R,DUMITM T A,Thrusting and exhumation around the margmes of the western Tarim basin during the India-Asia collision[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1997,12:5043-5063.
[5]刘训,吴绍祖,傅德荣,等.塔里木板块周缘的沉积-构造演化[M].乌鲁木齐:新疆科技卫生出版社,1997.
[6]钱俊锋,肖安成,程晓敢,等.喀什北缘南天山冲断带构造变形分析[J].中国矿业大学学报,2008,37(4):538-544.QIAN Jun-feng,XIAO An-cheng,CHENG Xiaogan,et al.Structural deformation of fold-thrust belt in the north margin of Kashi,southern Tien Shan[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2008,37(4):538-544.
[7]钱俊锋.塔里木盆地西北缘中、新生代构造特征及演化[D].杭州:浙江大学地球科学系,2008.
[8]肖安成,贾承造,杨树锋,等.中国南天山西部冲断褶皱系前缘区的运动学特征[J].沉积学报,2000,18(3):439-444.XIAO An-cheng,JIA Cheng-zao,YANG Shu-feng,et al.The kinematics characters of the thrust-fold belts western front regions in southern Tianshan[J].China,Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2000,18(3):439-444.
[9]尚新璐,陈新卫,吴超,等.塔里木盆地西部喀什地区的新生代冲断构造[J].地质科学,2004,39(4):543-550.SHANG Xin-lu,CHEN Xin-wei,WU Chao,et al.Cenozoic thrust structures in the Kashi area,western Tarim basin[J].Chinese Journal of Geology,2004,39(4):543-550.
[10]伍秀芳.塔里木盆地西南缘前陆褶皱冲断带构造几何学和运动学分析[D].杭州:浙江大学地球科学系,2003.
[11]沈军,汪一鹏,赵瑞斌.帕米尔东北缘及塔里木盆地西北部弧形构造的扩展特征[J].地震地质,2001,23(3):381-389.SHEN Jun,WANG Yi-peng,ZHAO Rui-bin.Propagation of Cenozoic arcuate structures in northeast Pamir and northwest Tarim basin[J].Seismology and Geology,2001,23(3):381-389.
[12]曲国胜,李亦纲,李岩峰,等.塔里木盆地西南前陆构造分段及其成因[J].地球科学,2005,35(3):193-202.QU Guo-sheng,LI Yi-gang,LI Yan-feng,et al.Geologic segment&reason of southwest Tarim basin[J].Earth Sciences,2005,35(3):193-202
[13]尹金辉,李锰.卡率克阿尔特断裂带活动特征[J].中国地震,2001,17(2):221-230.YIN Jin-hui,LI Meng.Active characteristics of Kazkeaerte fault zone[J].Earthquake Research in China,2001,17(2):221-230.
[14]罗金海,周新源,邱斌,等.塔里木盆地西部喀什凹陷褶皱冲断带的构造特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2004,25(2):199-203.LUO Jin-hai,ZHOU Xin-yuan,QIU Bin,et al.Structural features of fold thrust zone in Kashi depression,western Tarim basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2004,25(2):199-203.
[15]肖安成.塔里木盆地西南缘的构造特征与油气聚集规律[J].江汉石油学院学报,1997,19(2):1-6.XIAO An-cheng.Structural deformation characteristics of southwestern margin in Tarim basin[J].Journal of Jianghan Petroleum Institute,1997,19(2):1-6.
[16]周新源,罗金海,买光荣,等.塔里木盆地喀什凹陷及其周边地区构造特征与油气地质[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2005.
[17]薛崇武.喀什及邻区区域构造体系特征[J].新疆地质,2001,19(1):74-79.XUE Chong-wu.Characteristics of tectonic system in Kashi and adjacent area[J].Xinjiang Geology,2001,19(1):74-79.
[18]张原庆.塔里木盆地西部喀什凹陷新生代构造特征、演化历史与盆山耦合[D].北京:北京大学地质学系,2001.
[19]ABDRAKHMATOV K Y,ALDAZHANOV S A,HAGER B H.Relative recent construction of the Tien Shan inferred from GPS measurements of present-day crustal deformation rates[J].Nature,1996,384:450-4535.
[20]CHEN J,BURBANK D W,SCHARET K M,et al.Magnetochronology of the upper Cenozonic strata in the southwestern Chinese Tian Shan:Rates of Pleistocene folding and thrusting[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2002,195:113-130.
[21]张家声,单建新,李建华,等.帕米尔地区现今大陆深俯冲-地震构造和动力学解释[J].岩石学报,2005,21(4):1215-1227.ZHANG Jia-sheng,SHAN Jian-xin,LI Jian-hua,et al.Recent deep subducting of continential crust in Pamir:an interpretation on seismotectonics and geodynamics[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2005,21(4):1215-1227.
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