湖相泥质烃源岩的定量评价方法及其应用
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摘要
对地层层序、地震相、沉积相、地化分析实验数据以及热演化程度进行了研究,提出了一种定量评价泥质烃源岩的有效方法。在层序地层格架下,以重构声波时差曲线为约束,反演出各沉积相带下的烃源岩分布;采用盆地模拟技术,外推出无实测镜质体反射率(Ro)值井区的Ro数据,经由中子、深侧向电阻率和密度测井曲线获得的成熟度指数的校正后,得出各井的Ro数据,再通过克里金插值生成Ro数据体。烃源岩分布与Ro数据体二者结合即可预测出优质烃源岩的分布。该方法的优点主要表现在将储层预测的随机相控反演运用到有利烃源岩分布的预测中,并将Ro数据由点上升到体,实现了湖相泥质烃源岩的静态定量评价。利用该方法对辽河坳陷西部凹陷清水洼陷的泥质烃源岩进行了评价,取得了较好效果。
An efficient approach was provided to quantitatively evaluate mudstone source rock based on the studies of sequence stratigraphy,seismic facies,sedimentary facies,microphotography and geochemistry experimental data.Firstly,the distribution of potential source rock was forecasted using phase-controlling inversion restricted by reconstruct acoustic curve(AC),which reflected the abundance of total organic carbon(TOC),in different sedimentary facies of the sequence stratigraphic framework respectively.Combining with digital volume of the thermal evolution index generated from the geochemical experiment data and basin modeling simulation through Kriging interpolation,the distribution of high quality source rock was estimated.Accordingly,this innovative protocol was applied in Qingshui Sub-sag of Western Sag,Liaohe Depression,which can greatly increase the predication precise and has been forming the basis to the further exploration of this area.
An efficient approach was provided to quantitatively evaluate mudstone source rock based on the studies of sequence stratigraphy,seismic facies,sedimentary facies,microphotography and geochemistry experimental data.Firstly,the distribution of potential source rock was forecasted using phase-controlling inversion restricted by reconstruct acoustic curve(AC),which reflected the abundance of total organic carbon(TOC),in different sedimentary facies of the sequence stratigraphic framework respectively.Combining with digital volume of the thermal evolution index generated from the geochemical experiment data and basin modeling simulation through Kriging interpolation,the distribution of high quality source rock was estimated.Accordingly,this innovative protocol was applied in Qingshui Sub-sag of Western Sag,Liaohe Depression,which can greatly increase the predication precise and has been forming the basis to the further exploration of this area.
引文
①朱筱敏,张智礼,孙超,等.辽河西部凹陷层序地层格架及其与岩性地层圈闭的关系.中国石油辽河油田公司,2008.
①钟宁宁,姜振学,刘洛夫,等.辽河西部凹陷剩余资源潜力与有利勘探领域预测.中国石油辽河油田公司,2008.
[1]张厚福,方朝亮,高先志,等.石油地质学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002:83-90.Zhang Houfu,Fang Chaoliang,Gao Xianzhi,et al.Geology of pe-troleum[M].Beijing:PetroleumIndustry Press,2002:83-90.
[2]李贤庆,熊波,马安来,等.有机岩石学在油气勘探评价中的应用进展[J].江汉石油学院学报,2002,24(1):15-19.Li Xianqing,Xiong Bo,Ma Anlai,et al.Advancement of organicpetrology in oil and gas exploration[J].Journal of Jianghan Pe-troleumInstitute,2002,24(1):15-19.
[3]王飞宇.超微层次有机岩石学及其在烃源岩评价中的应用[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,1995,19(增刊):112-117.Wang Feiyu.Submicro-level organic petrology and application inthe assessment of source rocks[J].Journal of University of Pe-troleum,China:Edition of Natural Science,1995,19(Supple-ment):112-117.
[4]王建,马顺平,罗强,等.渤海湾盆地饶阳凹陷烃源岩再认识与资源潜力分析[J].石油学报,2009,30(1):51-55.Wang Jian,Ma Shunping,Luo Qiang,et al.Recognition and re-source potential of source rocksin Raoyang Sag of Bohai Bay Ba-sin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,30(1):51-55.
[5]Creaney S.层序地层框架中烃源岩质量和有机碳总量的循环模式.谭忠心,译[G]//顾家裕,邓宏文,朱筱敏.层序地层学及其在油气勘探开发中的应用论文集.北京:石油工业出版社,1997:88-102.Creaney S.The cycling model for the quality and the total organ-ic carbon of source rocks in sequence stratigraphic framework.Translated by Tan Zhongxin[G]//Gu Jiayu,Deng Hongwen,Zhu Xiaomin.Symposium of sequence stratigraphy and its prac-tices in the exploration and development for oil and gas.Beijing:PetroleumIndustry Press,1997:88-102.
[6]Higley D K,Cox D O,Wei mer R J.Petroleumsystem and pro-duction characteristics of the Muddy Sandstone(Lower Creta-ceous),Wattenberg continuous gas field,Denver basin,Colorado[J].AAPG Bulletin,2003,87(1):15-37.
[7]刘震,高先志,曾洪流.辽东湾地区下第三系地震速度—岩性预测模型研究[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1993,13(4):25-34.Liu Zhen,Gao Xianzhi,Zeng Hongliu.Research on seismic veloc-ity-lithology prediction model for Eocene of the Liaodong Bay[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,1993,13(4):25-34.
[8]刘震,常迈,赵阳,等.低勘探程度盆地烃源岩早期预测方法研究[J].地学前缘,2007,14(4):159-167.Liu Zhen,Chang Mai,Zhao Yang,et al.Method of early predic-tion on source rocks in basins with low exploration activity[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2007,14(4):159-167.
[9]王方雄,侯英姿,夏季.烃源岩测井评价新进展[J].测井技术,2002,26(2):89-93.Wang Fangxiong,Hou Yingzi,Xia Ji.Newadvancesin hydrocar-bon source rocks evaluation[J].Well Logging Technology,2002,26(2):89-93.
[10]李君文,陈洪德,田景春,等.沉积有机相的研究现状及其应用[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2004,24(2):96-100.Li Junwen,Chen Hongde,Tian Jingchun,et al.Sedi mentary or-ganic facies:Current research and applications[J].Sedi mentaryGeology and Tethyan Geology,2004,24(2):96-100.
[11]石广仁.油气盆地数值模拟方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999:78-101.Shi Guangren.Numerical methods of petroliferous basin model-ing[M].Beijing:petroleumIndustry Press,1999:78-101.
[12]Duppenbecker S J,Iliffe J E.盆地模拟实践与进展[M].朱建辉,江兴歌,徐旭辉,等译.北京:石油工业出版社,2005:45-78.Duppenbecker S J,Eliffe J E.Basin modelling:Practice and pro-gress[M].Translated by Zhu Jianhui,Jiang Xingge,Xu Xuhui,etal.Beijing:PetroleumIndustry Press,2005:45-78.
[13]卢双舫,王子文,陈昕.成烃动力学模型在呼和湖凹陷烃源岩评价中的应用[J].勘探家,1997,2(1):41-46.Lu Shuangfang,Wang Zi wen,Chen Xin.Application of kineticmethod on hydrocarbon generation to evaluation source rocks inHuhehu depression[J].Petroleum Explorationist,1997,2(1):41-46.
[14]赵青芳,耿安松,熊永强,等.惠民凹陷上古生界烃源岩的生烃动力学研究[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2007,26(2):191-196.Zhao Qingfang,Geng Ansong,Xiong Yongqiang,et al.On the ki-netics of hydrocarbon generation of Late Paleozoic source rocksfrom Hui min Depression[J].Bulletin of Mineralogy,Petrologyand Geochemistry,2007,26(2):191-196.
[15]郭长春,金强,姚军.用模糊数学方法评价烃源岩[J].石油学报,2005,26(4):50-53.Guo Changchun,Jin Qiang,Yao Jun.Evaluation of source rockswith fuzzy mathematics[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2005,26(4):50-53.
[16]唐晓明,郑传汉.定量测井声学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2004.Tang Xiaoming,Zheng Chuanhan.Quantitative borehole acousticmethods[M].Beijing:PetroleumIndustry Press,2004.
[17]孟宪军.复杂岩性储层约束地震反演技术[M].东营:中国石油大学出版社,2006:136-194.Meng Xianjun.Seismic inversion constrained by complex lithol-ogical reservoir[M].Dongying:China University of PetroleumPress,2006:136-194.
[18]朱振宇,刘洪,李幼铭.ΔLogR技术在烃源岩识别中的应用与分析[J].地球物理学进展,2003,18(4):647-649.Zhu Zhenyu,Liu Hong,Li Youming.The analysis and applicationofΔlogR methodin the source rock’s identification[J].Progressin Geophysics,2003,18(4):647-649.
[19]黄捍东,罗群,付艳,等.地震相控非线性随机反演研究与应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(6):694-698.Huang Handong,Luo Qun,Fu Yan,et al.Study and application ofseismic phase-controlled non-linear randominversion[J].Oil Geo-physical Prospecting,2007,42(6):694-698.
[20]黄捍东,张如伟,魏世平.地震非线性随机反演方法在陆相薄砂岩储层预测中的应用[J].石油学报,2009,30(3):386-390.Huang Handong,Zhang Ruwei,Wei Shiping.Research on applica-tion of seismic nonlinear randominversion to reservoir predictionin the thin sandstone of continental deposits[J].Acta PetroleiSinica,2009,30(3):386-390.
[21]中国石油天然气总公司.SY/T5735—1995陆相烃源岩地球化学评价方法[S].北京:[s.n.],1995.China National Petroleum and Natural Gas Corporation.SY/T5735—1995Geochemical evaluation of terrestrial source rock[S].Beijing:[s.n.],1995.
[22]Zhao H,Givens N B,Curtis B.Thermal maturity of the BarnettShale determined from well-log analysis[J].AAPG Bulletin,2007,91(4):535-549.
[23]冉波.辽河坳陷清水洼陷东营组岩性油气藏形成条件及勘探前景[J].中国石油勘探,2007,12,(6):14-17.Ran Bo.Formation conditions and exploration prospect of lithol-ogic oil and gas reservoirs in Dongying Formation of QingshuiSubsag,Liaohe Depression[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2007,12(6):14-17.
①钟宁宁,姜振学,刘洛夫,等.辽河西部凹陷剩余资源潜力与有利勘探领域预测.中国石油辽河油田公司,2008.
[1]张厚福,方朝亮,高先志,等.石油地质学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002:83-90.Zhang Houfu,Fang Chaoliang,Gao Xianzhi,et al.Geology of pe-troleum[M].Beijing:PetroleumIndustry Press,2002:83-90.
[2]李贤庆,熊波,马安来,等.有机岩石学在油气勘探评价中的应用进展[J].江汉石油学院学报,2002,24(1):15-19.Li Xianqing,Xiong Bo,Ma Anlai,et al.Advancement of organicpetrology in oil and gas exploration[J].Journal of Jianghan Pe-troleumInstitute,2002,24(1):15-19.
[3]王飞宇.超微层次有机岩石学及其在烃源岩评价中的应用[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,1995,19(增刊):112-117.Wang Feiyu.Submicro-level organic petrology and application inthe assessment of source rocks[J].Journal of University of Pe-troleum,China:Edition of Natural Science,1995,19(Supple-ment):112-117.
[4]王建,马顺平,罗强,等.渤海湾盆地饶阳凹陷烃源岩再认识与资源潜力分析[J].石油学报,2009,30(1):51-55.Wang Jian,Ma Shunping,Luo Qiang,et al.Recognition and re-source potential of source rocksin Raoyang Sag of Bohai Bay Ba-sin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,30(1):51-55.
[5]Creaney S.层序地层框架中烃源岩质量和有机碳总量的循环模式.谭忠心,译[G]//顾家裕,邓宏文,朱筱敏.层序地层学及其在油气勘探开发中的应用论文集.北京:石油工业出版社,1997:88-102.Creaney S.The cycling model for the quality and the total organ-ic carbon of source rocks in sequence stratigraphic framework.Translated by Tan Zhongxin[G]//Gu Jiayu,Deng Hongwen,Zhu Xiaomin.Symposium of sequence stratigraphy and its prac-tices in the exploration and development for oil and gas.Beijing:PetroleumIndustry Press,1997:88-102.
[6]Higley D K,Cox D O,Wei mer R J.Petroleumsystem and pro-duction characteristics of the Muddy Sandstone(Lower Creta-ceous),Wattenberg continuous gas field,Denver basin,Colorado[J].AAPG Bulletin,2003,87(1):15-37.
[7]刘震,高先志,曾洪流.辽东湾地区下第三系地震速度—岩性预测模型研究[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1993,13(4):25-34.Liu Zhen,Gao Xianzhi,Zeng Hongliu.Research on seismic veloc-ity-lithology prediction model for Eocene of the Liaodong Bay[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,1993,13(4):25-34.
[8]刘震,常迈,赵阳,等.低勘探程度盆地烃源岩早期预测方法研究[J].地学前缘,2007,14(4):159-167.Liu Zhen,Chang Mai,Zhao Yang,et al.Method of early predic-tion on source rocks in basins with low exploration activity[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2007,14(4):159-167.
[9]王方雄,侯英姿,夏季.烃源岩测井评价新进展[J].测井技术,2002,26(2):89-93.Wang Fangxiong,Hou Yingzi,Xia Ji.Newadvancesin hydrocar-bon source rocks evaluation[J].Well Logging Technology,2002,26(2):89-93.
[10]李君文,陈洪德,田景春,等.沉积有机相的研究现状及其应用[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2004,24(2):96-100.Li Junwen,Chen Hongde,Tian Jingchun,et al.Sedi mentary or-ganic facies:Current research and applications[J].Sedi mentaryGeology and Tethyan Geology,2004,24(2):96-100.
[11]石广仁.油气盆地数值模拟方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999:78-101.Shi Guangren.Numerical methods of petroliferous basin model-ing[M].Beijing:petroleumIndustry Press,1999:78-101.
[12]Duppenbecker S J,Iliffe J E.盆地模拟实践与进展[M].朱建辉,江兴歌,徐旭辉,等译.北京:石油工业出版社,2005:45-78.Duppenbecker S J,Eliffe J E.Basin modelling:Practice and pro-gress[M].Translated by Zhu Jianhui,Jiang Xingge,Xu Xuhui,etal.Beijing:PetroleumIndustry Press,2005:45-78.
[13]卢双舫,王子文,陈昕.成烃动力学模型在呼和湖凹陷烃源岩评价中的应用[J].勘探家,1997,2(1):41-46.Lu Shuangfang,Wang Zi wen,Chen Xin.Application of kineticmethod on hydrocarbon generation to evaluation source rocks inHuhehu depression[J].Petroleum Explorationist,1997,2(1):41-46.
[14]赵青芳,耿安松,熊永强,等.惠民凹陷上古生界烃源岩的生烃动力学研究[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2007,26(2):191-196.Zhao Qingfang,Geng Ansong,Xiong Yongqiang,et al.On the ki-netics of hydrocarbon generation of Late Paleozoic source rocksfrom Hui min Depression[J].Bulletin of Mineralogy,Petrologyand Geochemistry,2007,26(2):191-196.
[15]郭长春,金强,姚军.用模糊数学方法评价烃源岩[J].石油学报,2005,26(4):50-53.Guo Changchun,Jin Qiang,Yao Jun.Evaluation of source rockswith fuzzy mathematics[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2005,26(4):50-53.
[16]唐晓明,郑传汉.定量测井声学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2004.Tang Xiaoming,Zheng Chuanhan.Quantitative borehole acousticmethods[M].Beijing:PetroleumIndustry Press,2004.
[17]孟宪军.复杂岩性储层约束地震反演技术[M].东营:中国石油大学出版社,2006:136-194.Meng Xianjun.Seismic inversion constrained by complex lithol-ogical reservoir[M].Dongying:China University of PetroleumPress,2006:136-194.
[18]朱振宇,刘洪,李幼铭.ΔLogR技术在烃源岩识别中的应用与分析[J].地球物理学进展,2003,18(4):647-649.Zhu Zhenyu,Liu Hong,Li Youming.The analysis and applicationofΔlogR methodin the source rock’s identification[J].Progressin Geophysics,2003,18(4):647-649.
[19]黄捍东,罗群,付艳,等.地震相控非线性随机反演研究与应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(6):694-698.Huang Handong,Luo Qun,Fu Yan,et al.Study and application ofseismic phase-controlled non-linear randominversion[J].Oil Geo-physical Prospecting,2007,42(6):694-698.
[20]黄捍东,张如伟,魏世平.地震非线性随机反演方法在陆相薄砂岩储层预测中的应用[J].石油学报,2009,30(3):386-390.Huang Handong,Zhang Ruwei,Wei Shiping.Research on applica-tion of seismic nonlinear randominversion to reservoir predictionin the thin sandstone of continental deposits[J].Acta PetroleiSinica,2009,30(3):386-390.
[21]中国石油天然气总公司.SY/T5735—1995陆相烃源岩地球化学评价方法[S].北京:[s.n.],1995.China National Petroleum and Natural Gas Corporation.SY/T5735—1995Geochemical evaluation of terrestrial source rock[S].Beijing:[s.n.],1995.
[22]Zhao H,Givens N B,Curtis B.Thermal maturity of the BarnettShale determined from well-log analysis[J].AAPG Bulletin,2007,91(4):535-549.
[23]冉波.辽河坳陷清水洼陷东营组岩性油气藏形成条件及勘探前景[J].中国石油勘探,2007,12,(6):14-17.Ran Bo.Formation conditions and exploration prospect of lithol-ogic oil and gas reservoirs in Dongying Formation of QingshuiSubsag,Liaohe Depression[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2007,12(6):14-17.
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