频谱分解技术在煤田精细构造解释及煤含气性预测中的应用
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摘要
以煤田三维地震的应用为例,结合其他地震资料解释技术,利用断层等构造引起的相位调谐体上相位不稳定的特性,对山西阳泉矿区南部某矿三维地震资料进行精细构造解释,发现一些常规解释技术难以发现的断距小于5 m的小断层;并基于煤层气(瓦斯)富集引起的高频吸收衰减特性,利用不同频率的调谐振幅变化,预测了研究区15号煤层的含气性.
Spectral decomposition was firstly applied in seismic fine structural interpretation based on a coal mine 3D data from the south of Yangquan coal zone in Shanxi Province,and combined with other interpreted techniques,some minor faults with throw lower than 5 m,which was difficult to be recognized,can be controlled and predicted in term of the phase instability which were found in the phase data cube and caused by faults.Subsequently,based on the characteristic of the intense attenuation for high frequency seismic energy resulted from the enrichment of gas in coal seam,the gas-bearing properties of No.15 coal seam was predicated by studying the relationship of tuning amplitude variation verse different frequencies in the frequency-amplitude tuning volume.
Spectral decomposition was firstly applied in seismic fine structural interpretation based on a coal mine 3D data from the south of Yangquan coal zone in Shanxi Province,and combined with other interpreted techniques,some minor faults with throw lower than 5 m,which was difficult to be recognized,can be controlled and predicted in term of the phase instability which were found in the phase data cube and caused by faults.Subsequently,based on the characteristic of the intense attenuation for high frequency seismic energy resulted from the enrichment of gas in coal seam,the gas-bearing properties of No.15 coal seam was predicated by studying the relationship of tuning amplitude variation verse different frequencies in the frequency-amplitude tuning volume.
引文
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[15]张延庆,魏小东,王亚楠,等.谱分解技术在QL油田小断层识别与解释中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(5):584-586.Zhang Yanqing,Wei Xiaodong,Wang Yanan,et al.Application of spectral factorization in recognition and interpretation ofminor faults in QL oilfield[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2006,41(5):584-586.
[16]肖高杰,杨长春,范兴斌,等.谱分解技术在W区河道识别中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(2):568-572.Xiao Gaojie,Yang Changchun,Fan Xingbin,et al.Application of spectral decomposition method in channel identifying atW area[J].Progress in Geophysics,2008,23(2):568-572.
[17]龚洪林,王振卿,李录明,等.利用地震分频技术预测碳酸盐岩储层[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(1):129-135.Gong Honglin,Wang Zhenqing,Li Luming,et al.Application of spectral decomposition in carbonate reservoir[J].Pro-gress in Geophysics,2008,23(1):129-135.
[18]刘春园,魏修成,朱生旺,等.频谱分解在碳酸盐岩储层中的应用研究[J].地质学报,2008,82(3):428-432.Liu Chunyuan,Wei Xiucheng,Zhu Shengwang,et al.Application of spectral decomposition in carbonate reservoir[J].Ac-ta Geologica Sinica,2008,82(3):428-432.
[19]Castagna J P,Sun S,Siegfried R W.Instantaneous spectral analysis:detection of low-frequency shadows associated with hy-drocarbons[J].The Leading Edge,2003(22):124-127,120,122.
[20]Sun S,Castagna J P,Seigfried R W.Examples of wavelet transform time-frequency analysis in direct hydrocarbon detection[A].72nd.Annual International Meeting,SEG,Expanded Abstracts[C].2002:457-460.
[21]李劲松,李艳东,张盺,等.地震谱分解技术在岩性油气藏描述中的应用[J].石油天然气学报,2008,30(2):239-241.Li Jinsong,Li Yandong,Zhang Xin,et al.Application of seismic spectral decomposition in lithological reservoir description[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2008,30(2):239-241.
[22]李仁海,崔若飞,毛欣荣,等.利用岩性解释方法圈定岩浆岩侵入煤层范围[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(1):242-248.Li Renhai,Cui Ruofei,Mao Xinrong,et al.Determination of magnetic rock intrusion using lithology interpretation method[J].Progress in Geophysics,2008,23(1):242-248.
[23]张宏.地震谱分解算法对比与局限性分析[J].勘探地球物理进展,2007,30(6):409-414.Zhang Hong.Comparison and limitations of seismic spectral decomposition algorithms[J].Progress in Exploration Geo-physics,2007,30(6):409-414.
[24]杨双安,宁书年,张会星,等.三维地震勘探技术预测瓦斯的研究成果[J].煤炭学报,2006,31(3):334-336.Yang Shuang’an,Ning Shunian,Zhang Huixing,et al.Research achievements of forecasting gas using three-dimensionalseismic exploration[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2006,31(3):334-336.
[25]何继善,吕绍林.瓦斯突出地球物理研究[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1999.He Jishan,L櫣Shaolin.Researches on outburst prediction by geophysical methods[M].Beijing:China Coal Industry Pub-lishing House,1999.
[26]刘盛东,赵秋芳,张平松,等.煤体瓦斯特征与震波参数关系的试验研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2005,33(11):33-36.Liu Shengdong,Zhao Qiufang,Zhang Pingsong,et al.Test and research on relationship between seam gas features and vi-bration wave parameters[J].Coal Science and Technology,2005,33(11):33-36.
[2]孟召平,郭彦省,王赟,等.基于地震属性的煤层厚度预测模型及其应用[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(2):512-517.Meng Zhaoping,Guo Yansheng,Wang Yun,et al.Prediction models of coal thickness based on seismic attributions and theirapplications[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2006,49(2):512-517.
[3]David Gray.Seismic anisotropy in coal beds[A].2006CSPG-CSEG-CWLS Convention[C].2006:519-524.
[4]董守华.地震资料煤层横向预测与评价方法[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2004.Dong Shouhua.Adopting seismic data to latterly predict and evaluation coal[M].Xuzhou:China University of Mining andTechnology Press,2004.
[5]彭晓波,彭苏萍,詹阎,等.P波方位AVO在煤层裂缝探测中的应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(16):2 960-2 965.Peng Xiaobo,Peng Suping,Zhan Yan,et al.P-wave azimuthal AVO analysis of fracture detection in coal and its applicationto engineering[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(16):2 960-2 965.
[6]常锁亮,刘大锰,王明寿.煤层气勘探开发中地震技术的作用与应用方法探讨[J].中国煤层气,2008,5(2):23-27.Chang Suoliang,Liu Dameng,Wang Mingshou.Study on the effects and application methods of seismic technique in CBMex-ploration and exploritation[J].China Coalbed Methane,2008,5(2):23-27.
[7]常锁亮,杨起,刘大锰,等.煤层气储层物性预测的AVO技术对地震纵波资料品质要求的探讨[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(4):1 236-1 243.Chang Suoliang,Yang Qi,Liu Dameng,et al.The discussion of required P-wave quality for the AVO technology based on theCBM reservoir research[J].Process in Geophysics,2008,23(4):1 236-1 243.
[8]崔若飞,钱进,陈同俊,等.利用地震P波确定煤层瓦斯富集带的分布[J].煤田地质与勘探,2007,35(6):54-57.Cui Ruofei,Qian Jin,Chen Tongjun,et al.Locating the distribution of coalbed methane enriched area using seismic P-wavedata[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2007,35(6):54-57.
[9]Satinder Chopra,Kurt Marfurt.Seismic attributes:a promising aid for geologic prediction[A].CSEG Recorder,SpecialEdition[C].2006:110-120.
[10]印兴耀,韩文功,李振春,等.地震技术新进展(下)[M].北京:中国石油大学出版社,2006:58-122.Yin Xingyao,Han Wengong,Li Zhenchun,et al.New advance in seismic technology(PartⅡ)[M].Beijing:ChinaUniversity of Petroleum Publishing House,2006:58-122.
[11]柏冠军,吴汉宁,赵希刚,等.地震资料预测薄层厚度方法研究与应用[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(2):554-558.Bai Guanjun,Wu Hanning,Zhao Xigang,et al.Research on prediction of thin bed thickness using seismic data and its ap-plication[J].Progress in Geophysics,2006,21(2):554-558.
[12]路鹏飞,杨长春,郭爱华.频谱成像技术研究进展[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(5):1 517-1 521.Lu Pengfei,Yang Changchun,Guo Aihua.The present research on frequency-spectrum imaging technique[J].Progress inGeophysics,2007,22(5):1 517-1 521.
[13]朱庆荣,张越迁,于兴河.分频解释技术在表征储层中的运用[J].矿物岩石,2003,23(3):104-108.Zhu Qingrong,Zhang Yueqian,Yu Xinghe.Application of spectra decomposition to reservoir characterization[J].Journalof Mineralogy and Petrology,2003,23(3):104-108.
[14]徐丽英,徐鸣洁,陈振岩.利用谱分解技术进行薄储层预测[J].石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(3):299-302.Xu Liying,Xu Mingjie,Chen Zhenyan.Using spectrum decomposition technique for prediction of thin reservoir[J].OilGeophysical Prospecting,2006,41(3):299-302.
[15]张延庆,魏小东,王亚楠,等.谱分解技术在QL油田小断层识别与解释中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(5):584-586.Zhang Yanqing,Wei Xiaodong,Wang Yanan,et al.Application of spectral factorization in recognition and interpretation ofminor faults in QL oilfield[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2006,41(5):584-586.
[16]肖高杰,杨长春,范兴斌,等.谱分解技术在W区河道识别中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(2):568-572.Xiao Gaojie,Yang Changchun,Fan Xingbin,et al.Application of spectral decomposition method in channel identifying atW area[J].Progress in Geophysics,2008,23(2):568-572.
[17]龚洪林,王振卿,李录明,等.利用地震分频技术预测碳酸盐岩储层[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(1):129-135.Gong Honglin,Wang Zhenqing,Li Luming,et al.Application of spectral decomposition in carbonate reservoir[J].Pro-gress in Geophysics,2008,23(1):129-135.
[18]刘春园,魏修成,朱生旺,等.频谱分解在碳酸盐岩储层中的应用研究[J].地质学报,2008,82(3):428-432.Liu Chunyuan,Wei Xiucheng,Zhu Shengwang,et al.Application of spectral decomposition in carbonate reservoir[J].Ac-ta Geologica Sinica,2008,82(3):428-432.
[19]Castagna J P,Sun S,Siegfried R W.Instantaneous spectral analysis:detection of low-frequency shadows associated with hy-drocarbons[J].The Leading Edge,2003(22):124-127,120,122.
[20]Sun S,Castagna J P,Seigfried R W.Examples of wavelet transform time-frequency analysis in direct hydrocarbon detection[A].72nd.Annual International Meeting,SEG,Expanded Abstracts[C].2002:457-460.
[21]李劲松,李艳东,张盺,等.地震谱分解技术在岩性油气藏描述中的应用[J].石油天然气学报,2008,30(2):239-241.Li Jinsong,Li Yandong,Zhang Xin,et al.Application of seismic spectral decomposition in lithological reservoir description[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2008,30(2):239-241.
[22]李仁海,崔若飞,毛欣荣,等.利用岩性解释方法圈定岩浆岩侵入煤层范围[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(1):242-248.Li Renhai,Cui Ruofei,Mao Xinrong,et al.Determination of magnetic rock intrusion using lithology interpretation method[J].Progress in Geophysics,2008,23(1):242-248.
[23]张宏.地震谱分解算法对比与局限性分析[J].勘探地球物理进展,2007,30(6):409-414.Zhang Hong.Comparison and limitations of seismic spectral decomposition algorithms[J].Progress in Exploration Geo-physics,2007,30(6):409-414.
[24]杨双安,宁书年,张会星,等.三维地震勘探技术预测瓦斯的研究成果[J].煤炭学报,2006,31(3):334-336.Yang Shuang’an,Ning Shunian,Zhang Huixing,et al.Research achievements of forecasting gas using three-dimensionalseismic exploration[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2006,31(3):334-336.
[25]何继善,吕绍林.瓦斯突出地球物理研究[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1999.He Jishan,L櫣Shaolin.Researches on outburst prediction by geophysical methods[M].Beijing:China Coal Industry Pub-lishing House,1999.
[26]刘盛东,赵秋芳,张平松,等.煤体瓦斯特征与震波参数关系的试验研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2005,33(11):33-36.Liu Shengdong,Zhao Qiufang,Zhang Pingsong,et al.Test and research on relationship between seam gas features and vi-bration wave parameters[J].Coal Science and Technology,2005,33(11):33-36.
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