渭河盆地前新生界分布的物探特征及油气成藏条件分析
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摘要
渭河盆地是新生代断陷盆地,由地质露头剖面及钻井揭示,盆地基底为太古界及元古界深变质岩系;沉积盖层以新生界为主,局部钻遇古生界地层,沉积岩最厚超过7000 m.以往油气勘探程度较低,以新生界新近系和古近系为目的层,但未获重大发现;对古生界分布及油气成藏条件的研究尤为薄弱,因而制约了渭河盆地的油气勘探.依据区域重力、航磁资料,结合近年完成的电法及地震勘探成果,划分出盆地内前新生界分布区域,初步确定在宝鸡—咸阳断裂以北地区存在古生界,并提出盆地北部斜坡地区古生界的油气成藏模式,以利于今后的油气勘探.
The Weihe basin is a cenozoic fault basin.As revealed by field outcrop section and drilling, the basin has a metamorphic rocks basement of Archean and Proterozoic,mostly covered with Cenozoic,and locally Paleazoic with the largest thinkness of 7000 m.Due to the low degree of prospecting past time, the target is mainly of Neogene and Paleogene, but up to now , no significant discoveries have been made, and the research on distribution of Paleozoic and reservoir forming conditions is especially weak , thus restricted the oil and gas exploration of the basin.Based on the study of the data of regional gravity and aeromagneic survey, as well as the electricity and seismic prospecting, the pre-Cenozoic distribution area of the basin is divided, and it is confirmed that Paleozoic system exists in north of the Baoji-Xianyang fault, and the pattern of oil and gas reservoir-forming is brought forward, which is favorable for future's oil and gas exploration.
The Weihe basin is a cenozoic fault basin.As revealed by field outcrop section and drilling, the basin has a metamorphic rocks basement of Archean and Proterozoic,mostly covered with Cenozoic,and locally Paleazoic with the largest thinkness of 7000 m.Due to the low degree of prospecting past time, the target is mainly of Neogene and Paleogene, but up to now , no significant discoveries have been made, and the research on distribution of Paleozoic and reservoir forming conditions is especially weak , thus restricted the oil and gas exploration of the basin.Based on the study of the data of regional gravity and aeromagneic survey, as well as the electricity and seismic prospecting, the pre-Cenozoic distribution area of the basin is divided, and it is confirmed that Paleozoic system exists in north of the Baoji-Xianyang fault, and the pattern of oil and gas reservoir-forming is brought forward, which is favorable for future's oil and gas exploration.
引文
① 何登发,聂武军,等.渭河盆地油气勘探前景研究2006年.
② 郑莉,罗召兵,郝淑娟.渭河盆地扶风-咸阳地区CEMP勘探成果报告2007年
③ 郭晓龙,张秀平等.富平-大荔地区地震资料处理与解释2006年
[1] 张国伟,孟庆任,于在平,等.秦岭造山带的造山过程及其动力学特征[J].中国科学(D辑),1996,26(3) :193～200． Zhang G W,Meng Q R,Yu Z P,et al.Orogenic process and dynamic characteristics of Qin ling orogenic zone[J].Science in China (Series D), 1996,26(3) : 193～200．
[2] 张保增,谢振乾,张保卫.西安地区区域稳定性基本估计[J].陕西地质,1989,7(1) :77～83． Zhang B Z,Xie Z Q,Zhang B W.A basic evalution of regional crustal stability of Xi'an area[J].Geology of Shaanxi, 1989,7(1) : 77～83．
[3] 冯希杰.渭河盆地断裂古水断层剖面[J].地震地质,2000,22(2) :209～230． Feng X J.Gushi Fault profile on the Weihe Fault[J].Seismology and Geology,2000,22(2) :209～230．
[4] 冯希杰,戴玉强,董星宏.从陕西省扶风县古水路堑剖面剖析渭河断裂第四纪活动[J].中国地震,2003,19(2) :188～193． Feng X J, Dai Y Q, Dong X H.Quatemary activity of the Wehe Fault obtained from the analysis of Gushi trough profile in Fufeng County,Shaanxi Province[J].Earthquake Research in China, 2003,19(2) : 188～193．
[5] 权新昌.渭河盆地断裂构造研究[J].中国煤田地质,2005,17(3) :1～4． Quan X C.Weihe basin faulted structure study[J].Coal Geology of China, 2005,17(3) : 1～4．
[6] 韩恒锐,张逸,袁志祥.渭河断陷盆地带的形成演化及断块运动[J].地震研究,2002,25(4) :362～368． Han H Y,Zhang Y,Yuan Z X.The evolution of Weihe down faulted basin and the movement of the fault blocks[J].Journal of Seismological Research, 2002,25(4) : 362～368．
[7] 王卫东,张永志,王平等.渭河断陷盆地及邻区的地震活动性和深部地球物理背景[J].内陆地震,2004,18(3) :207～211． Wang W D, Zhang Y Z, Wang P, et al.Seismicity and deep geophysical backgroud in Weihe down-faulted basin and its adjacent areas[J].Inland Earthquake,2004,18(3) : 207～211．
[8] 刘护军,薛祥煦.对渭河盆地新生界及其年代的讨论[J].地球科学与环境学报,2004,26(4) :1～5． Liu H J, Xue X X.Discussion on the Cenozoic and its chronology in the Weihe basin[J].Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,2004,26(4) :1～5．
[9] 赵重远,刘池洋,等著.华北克拉通沉积盆地形成与演化及其油气赋存[M].西安:西北大学出版社,1990,98～99．Zhao C Y,Liu C Y,et al.The formation and evolution of the sedimentary basins and their hydrocarbon occurrence in the north China craton[M].Xi'an:Northwest University Press, 1990,98～99．
[10] 杨俊杰著.鄂尔多斯盆地构造演化与油气分布规律[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002,33～38． Yang J J.Tectonic evolution and oil-gas reservoirs distributiom in Ordos basin[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press, 2002,33 ～38．
[11] 贾进斗,何中琦,李茂松等.鄂尔多斯盆地基底结构特征及其对古生界天然气的控制[J].高校地质学报,1997,3(2) :144～153． Jia J D, He Z Q, Li M S, et al.Structural feature of basement in the Ordos basin and its control to Paleozoic gas[J].Geological Journal of China Universities, 1997, 3(2) :144～153．
[12] 江为为,郝天珧,宋海斌.鄂尔多斯盆地地质地球物理场特征与地壳结构[J].地球物理学进展,2000,15(3) :45～53． Jiang Weiwei, Hao Tian Yao, Song Haibin.Crustal structure and geo-logical and geophysical features of Ordos basin[J].Progress in Geophysics, 2000,15 (3) : 45 ～ 53．
[13] 王靖华,吴汉宁,赵希刚,等.利用重力资料识别鄂尔多斯盆地断裂构造[J].能源技术与管理,2006,(1) :14～17． Wang J H, Wu H N, Zhao X G, et al.Recognition of rift structures using gravity data in Ordos basin[J].Energy Source Technology and Management, 2006, (1) : 14～ 17．
[14] 赵希刚,吴汉宁,柏冠军,等.重磁异常解释断裂构造的处理方法及图示技术[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(2) :414～421． Zhao X G,Wu H N,Bai G J,et al.Magnetic and gravity data processing method and imaging techniques for faulted structure interpretation[J].Progress in Geophysics, 2008,23 (2) :414～421．
[15] 彭建兵.渭河断裂带的构造演化与地震活动[J].地震地质,1992,14(2) :113～120． Peng J B.Tectonic evolution and seismicity of Weihe Fault zone[J].Seismology and Geology, 1992,14 (2) : 113 ～ 120．
[16] 冯希杰,田勤俭,申旭辉.渭河断裂西段活动差异性分析[J].地质评论,2003,49(3) :233～238． Feng X J,Tian Q J,Shen X H.Analysis of activity difference of the west section of the Wehe Fault[J].Geological Review, 2003,49(3) : 233～238．
[17] 师亚芹,李晋,冯希杰.渭河断裂带古地震研究[J].地震地质,2007,29(3) :607～616． Shi Y Q,Li J,Feng X J,et al.The study of Paleo earthquake on the Wehe fault zone[J].Seismology and Geology, 2007, 29(3) :607～616．
[18] 袁卫国,赵一鸣.鄂尔多斯南部地区早古生代被动大陆边缘特征与演化[J].西北大学学报(自然科学报),1996,26(5) :451～454．Yuan W G, Zhao Y M.Characteristics and evolution of passive continental margin during early Palaeozoicera in southern Ordos[J].Journal of Northwest University (Natural Science Edition) ,1996,26(5) :451～454．
[19] 吴熙纯,李培华,金香福等.鄂尔多斯南部奥陶系古岩溶带对天然气储层的控制[J].石油与天然气地质,1997,18(4) :294～299． Wu X C, Li P H, Jin X F, et al.Control of ordovician Paleokarst zones in south Ordos on gas reservoirs[J].Oil and Gas Geology, 1997,18(4) : 294～299．
[20] 张传禄,张永生,康祺发,等.鄂尔多斯盆地南部奥陶系马家沟群马六组白云岩成因[J].石油学报,2001,29(3) :607～616． Zhang C L,Zhang Y S,Kang Q F,et al.The study of genesis of dolomit of formation Mali in Majiagou group of Ordovicia in the south of Ordos basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2001,29 (3) :607～616．
[21] 董兆雄,赵敬松,方少仙,等.鄂尔多斯盆地南部奥陶纪末端变陡缓坡沉积模式[J].西南石油学院学报,2002,24(1) :50～52． Dong Z X, Zhao J S, Fang S X, et al.Sedimentary model of distally steepening-ramp of ordovician in southern Ordos basin[J].2002,24(1) :50～52．
[22] 夏明军,戴金星,邹才能等.鄂尔多斯盆地南部加里东期岩溶古地貌与天然气成藏条件分析[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(3) :291～315．Xia M J, Dai J X, Zou C N, et al.Caledonian karst Palaeogeomorphology and the forming condition of gas pool, southern Ordos basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2007,34 (3) :291～315．
② 郑莉,罗召兵,郝淑娟.渭河盆地扶风-咸阳地区CEMP勘探成果报告2007年
③ 郭晓龙,张秀平等.富平-大荔地区地震资料处理与解释2006年
[1] 张国伟,孟庆任,于在平,等.秦岭造山带的造山过程及其动力学特征[J].中国科学(D辑),1996,26(3) :193～200． Zhang G W,Meng Q R,Yu Z P,et al.Orogenic process and dynamic characteristics of Qin ling orogenic zone[J].Science in China (Series D), 1996,26(3) : 193～200．
[2] 张保增,谢振乾,张保卫.西安地区区域稳定性基本估计[J].陕西地质,1989,7(1) :77～83． Zhang B Z,Xie Z Q,Zhang B W.A basic evalution of regional crustal stability of Xi'an area[J].Geology of Shaanxi, 1989,7(1) : 77～83．
[3] 冯希杰.渭河盆地断裂古水断层剖面[J].地震地质,2000,22(2) :209～230． Feng X J.Gushi Fault profile on the Weihe Fault[J].Seismology and Geology,2000,22(2) :209～230．
[4] 冯希杰,戴玉强,董星宏.从陕西省扶风县古水路堑剖面剖析渭河断裂第四纪活动[J].中国地震,2003,19(2) :188～193． Feng X J, Dai Y Q, Dong X H.Quatemary activity of the Wehe Fault obtained from the analysis of Gushi trough profile in Fufeng County,Shaanxi Province[J].Earthquake Research in China, 2003,19(2) : 188～193．
[5] 权新昌.渭河盆地断裂构造研究[J].中国煤田地质,2005,17(3) :1～4． Quan X C.Weihe basin faulted structure study[J].Coal Geology of China, 2005,17(3) : 1～4．
[6] 韩恒锐,张逸,袁志祥.渭河断陷盆地带的形成演化及断块运动[J].地震研究,2002,25(4) :362～368． Han H Y,Zhang Y,Yuan Z X.The evolution of Weihe down faulted basin and the movement of the fault blocks[J].Journal of Seismological Research, 2002,25(4) : 362～368．
[7] 王卫东,张永志,王平等.渭河断陷盆地及邻区的地震活动性和深部地球物理背景[J].内陆地震,2004,18(3) :207～211． Wang W D, Zhang Y Z, Wang P, et al.Seismicity and deep geophysical backgroud in Weihe down-faulted basin and its adjacent areas[J].Inland Earthquake,2004,18(3) : 207～211．
[8] 刘护军,薛祥煦.对渭河盆地新生界及其年代的讨论[J].地球科学与环境学报,2004,26(4) :1～5． Liu H J, Xue X X.Discussion on the Cenozoic and its chronology in the Weihe basin[J].Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,2004,26(4) :1～5．
[9] 赵重远,刘池洋,等著.华北克拉通沉积盆地形成与演化及其油气赋存[M].西安:西北大学出版社,1990,98～99．Zhao C Y,Liu C Y,et al.The formation and evolution of the sedimentary basins and their hydrocarbon occurrence in the north China craton[M].Xi'an:Northwest University Press, 1990,98～99．
[10] 杨俊杰著.鄂尔多斯盆地构造演化与油气分布规律[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002,33～38． Yang J J.Tectonic evolution and oil-gas reservoirs distributiom in Ordos basin[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press, 2002,33 ～38．
[11] 贾进斗,何中琦,李茂松等.鄂尔多斯盆地基底结构特征及其对古生界天然气的控制[J].高校地质学报,1997,3(2) :144～153． Jia J D, He Z Q, Li M S, et al.Structural feature of basement in the Ordos basin and its control to Paleozoic gas[J].Geological Journal of China Universities, 1997, 3(2) :144～153．
[12] 江为为,郝天珧,宋海斌.鄂尔多斯盆地地质地球物理场特征与地壳结构[J].地球物理学进展,2000,15(3) :45～53． Jiang Weiwei, Hao Tian Yao, Song Haibin.Crustal structure and geo-logical and geophysical features of Ordos basin[J].Progress in Geophysics, 2000,15 (3) : 45 ～ 53．
[13] 王靖华,吴汉宁,赵希刚,等.利用重力资料识别鄂尔多斯盆地断裂构造[J].能源技术与管理,2006,(1) :14～17． Wang J H, Wu H N, Zhao X G, et al.Recognition of rift structures using gravity data in Ordos basin[J].Energy Source Technology and Management, 2006, (1) : 14～ 17．
[14] 赵希刚,吴汉宁,柏冠军,等.重磁异常解释断裂构造的处理方法及图示技术[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(2) :414～421． Zhao X G,Wu H N,Bai G J,et al.Magnetic and gravity data processing method and imaging techniques for faulted structure interpretation[J].Progress in Geophysics, 2008,23 (2) :414～421．
[15] 彭建兵.渭河断裂带的构造演化与地震活动[J].地震地质,1992,14(2) :113～120． Peng J B.Tectonic evolution and seismicity of Weihe Fault zone[J].Seismology and Geology, 1992,14 (2) : 113 ～ 120．
[16] 冯希杰,田勤俭,申旭辉.渭河断裂西段活动差异性分析[J].地质评论,2003,49(3) :233～238． Feng X J,Tian Q J,Shen X H.Analysis of activity difference of the west section of the Wehe Fault[J].Geological Review, 2003,49(3) : 233～238．
[17] 师亚芹,李晋,冯希杰.渭河断裂带古地震研究[J].地震地质,2007,29(3) :607～616． Shi Y Q,Li J,Feng X J,et al.The study of Paleo earthquake on the Wehe fault zone[J].Seismology and Geology, 2007, 29(3) :607～616．
[18] 袁卫国,赵一鸣.鄂尔多斯南部地区早古生代被动大陆边缘特征与演化[J].西北大学学报(自然科学报),1996,26(5) :451～454．Yuan W G, Zhao Y M.Characteristics and evolution of passive continental margin during early Palaeozoicera in southern Ordos[J].Journal of Northwest University (Natural Science Edition) ,1996,26(5) :451～454．
[19] 吴熙纯,李培华,金香福等.鄂尔多斯南部奥陶系古岩溶带对天然气储层的控制[J].石油与天然气地质,1997,18(4) :294～299． Wu X C, Li P H, Jin X F, et al.Control of ordovician Paleokarst zones in south Ordos on gas reservoirs[J].Oil and Gas Geology, 1997,18(4) : 294～299．
[20] 张传禄,张永生,康祺发,等.鄂尔多斯盆地南部奥陶系马家沟群马六组白云岩成因[J].石油学报,2001,29(3) :607～616． Zhang C L,Zhang Y S,Kang Q F,et al.The study of genesis of dolomit of formation Mali in Majiagou group of Ordovicia in the south of Ordos basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2001,29 (3) :607～616．
[21] 董兆雄,赵敬松,方少仙,等.鄂尔多斯盆地南部奥陶纪末端变陡缓坡沉积模式[J].西南石油学院学报,2002,24(1) :50～52． Dong Z X, Zhao J S, Fang S X, et al.Sedimentary model of distally steepening-ramp of ordovician in southern Ordos basin[J].2002,24(1) :50～52．
[22] 夏明军,戴金星,邹才能等.鄂尔多斯盆地南部加里东期岩溶古地貌与天然气成藏条件分析[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(3) :291～315．Xia M J, Dai J X, Zou C N, et al.Caledonian karst Palaeogeomorphology and the forming condition of gas pool, southern Ordos basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2007,34 (3) :291～315．
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