致密碎屑岩裂缝性储层预测方法综述
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摘要
致密碎屑岩裂缝性油气藏储量在低渗透储层总储量中占很大比例。致密碎屑岩裂缝性储层成为油气勘探开发研究的重要对象。当前,致密碎屑岩裂缝性油气藏勘探开发的最大难点在于如何对储层裂缝的发育程度和分布范围进行预测。准确进行裂缝预测对致密碎屑岩裂缝性储层的油气开发具有重要意义。本文对致密碎屑岩裂缝预测的方法进行了系统分析,从地质分析法、曲率法及构造应力场模拟、地震裂缝识别技术、测井裂缝识别技术和生产动态分析法5个方面对当前致密碎屑岩裂缝预测的主要研究方法现状进行了详细阐述,简要描述了各种方法的优缺点和应用条件;结合当前科学技术总体进展,指出致密碎屑岩裂缝预测研究的两个方面的发展趋势:单一的裂缝预测技术需要不断创新、综合多种方法各自的优势进行系统预测。
Engineering practice shows that reserves of tight fractured reservoirs of clastic rock account for a large proportion of the total reserves of low permeability reservoirs.Their researches are important for exploration and development of oil and gas.An important difficulty in exploration and development of tight fractured reservoirs of clastic rock is how to accurately predict the growth degree and distribution range of reservoir fractures.In this paper,the methods of fracture prediction for tight reservoirs of clastic rock are systematically reviewed,including geological analysis,curvature method and tectonic stress simulation,seismic fracture identification technique,log fracture identification technique and production performance analysis.It is pointed out that there are two development trends for macroscopic fracture predictions of tight reservoirs of clastic rock:the innovation in the single methods of fracture prediction and the systematical engineering method integrating advantages of different single methods for fracture prediction.
Engineering practice shows that reserves of tight fractured reservoirs of clastic rock account for a large proportion of the total reserves of low permeability reservoirs.Their researches are important for exploration and development of oil and gas.An important difficulty in exploration and development of tight fractured reservoirs of clastic rock is how to accurately predict the growth degree and distribution range of reservoir fractures.In this paper,the methods of fracture prediction for tight reservoirs of clastic rock are systematically reviewed,including geological analysis,curvature method and tectonic stress simulation,seismic fracture identification technique,log fracture identification technique and production performance analysis.It is pointed out that there are two development trends for macroscopic fracture predictions of tight reservoirs of clastic rock:the innovation in the single methods of fracture prediction and the systematical engineering method integrating advantages of different single methods for fracture prediction.
引文
[1]王时林,秦启荣,苏培东.储层裂缝识别与预测[J].断块油气田,2009,16(5):31-33.Wang Shilin,Qin Qirong,Su Peidong.Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2009,16(5):31-33.
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[17]杨克明,张虹.地震三维三分量技术在致密砂岩裂缝预测中的应用——以川西新场气田为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2008,29(5):683-689.Yang Keming,Zhang Hong.Oil&Gas Geology,2008,29(5):683-689.
[18]Gray D,Head K V.Fracture detection in the Manderson Field:A3D AVAZ case history[J].Leading Edge,2000,19(11):1214-1221.
[19]Schoenberg M,Douma J.Elastic wave propagation in media with parallel fractures and aligned cracks[J].Geophysics Prospecting,1988,36:571-590.
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[21]蒲静,秦启荣.油气储层裂缝预测方法综述[J].特种油气藏,2008,15(3):9-13.Pu Jing,Qin Qirong.Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2008,15(3):9-13.
[22]陈辉,胡英,李军.数学形态学在地震裂缝检测中的应用[J].天然气工业,2008,28(3):48-50.Chen Hui,Hu Ying,Li Jun.Natural Gas Industry,2008,28(3):48-50.
[23]高霞,谢庆宾.储层裂缝识别与评价方法新进展[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(5):1460-1465.Gao Xia,Xie Qingbin.Progress in Geophysics,2007,22(5):1460-1465.
[24]葛祥,张筠,吴见萌.川西须家河组致密碎屑岩裂缝与储层评价[J].测井技术,2007,31(3):211-215.Ge Xiang,Zhang Yun,Wu Jianmeng.Well Logging Technology,2007,31(3):211-215.
[25]陈清贵,潘小东.致密砂岩储集层裂缝综合录井识别技术研究[J].录井工程,2006,17(3):6-9.Chen Qinggui,Pan Xiaodong.Mud Logging Engineering,2006,17(3):6-9.
[26]邓英尔,刘慈群.垂直裂缝井开发低渗油藏非线性渗流压力分析[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(1):81-83.Deng Yinger,Liu Ciqun.Petroleum Exploration and Development,2003,30(1):81-83.
[2]宋永东,戴俊生.储层构造裂缝预测研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2007,14(6):9-13.Song Yongdong,Dai Junsheng.Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2007,14(6):9-13.
[3]Price N J.Fault and joint development in brittle and semibrittle rock[M].London:Pergamum Press,1966.
[4]Murray G H.Quantitative fracture study:sanish pool,Mckenzie County,North Dakota[J].AAPG Bulletin,1968,52(1):57-65.
[5]Narr W,Lerch I.A method for estimating fracture density in core[J].AAPG Bulletin,1984,68(5):637-648.
[6]李同德,文世鹏.储层构造裂缝的定量描述和预测方法[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,1996,20(4):6-10.Li Tongde,Wen Shipeng.Journal of ChinaUniversity of Petroleom:Natural Science Edition,1996,20(4):6-10.
[7]宋惠珍,曾海容,孙君秀,等.储层构造裂缝预测方法及其应用[J].地震地质,1999,21(3):205-213.Song Huizhen,Zeng Hairong,Sun Junxiu,et al.Seismology and Geology,1999,21(3):205-213.
[8]周新桂,操成杰,袁嘉音.储层构造裂缝定量预测与油气渗流规律研究现状和进展[J].地球科学进展,2003,18(3):398-404.Zhou Xingui,Cao Chengjie,Yuan Jiayin.Advance in Earthsciences,2003,18(3):398-404.
[9]丁中一,钱祥麟,霍红,等.构造裂缝定量预测的一种新方法——二元法[J].石油与天然气地质,1998,19(1):1-7.Ding Zhongyi,Qian Xianglin,Huo Hong,et al.Oil&Gas Geology,1998,19(1):1-7.
[10]谭成轩,王连捷.三维构造应力场数值模拟在含油气盆地构造裂缝分析中应用初探[J].地球学报,1999,20(4):392-394.Tan Chengxuan,Wang Lianji.Acta Geoscientica Sinica,1999,20(4):392-394.
[11]巫芙蓉,李亚林,王玉雪,等.储层裂缝发育带的地震综合预测[J].天然气工业,2006,26(11):49-51.Wu Furong,Li Yalin,Wang Yuxue,et al.Natural Gas Industry,2006,26(11):49-51.
[12]张明,姚逢昌,韩大匡,等.多分量地震裂缝预测技术进展[J].天然气地球科学,2007,18(2):293-297.Zhang Ming,Yao Fengchang,Han Dakuang,et al.Natural Gas Geoscience,2007,18(2):293-297.
[13]黄中玉,赵金洲.正交基旋转的横波分裂检测技术[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(2):150-152.Huang Zhongyu,Zhao Jinzhou.Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2004,39(2):150-152.
[14]黎书琴,李忠,张白林.利用横波分裂预测裂缝[J].石油地球物理勘探,2009,44(1):130-134.Li Shuqin,Li Zhong,Zhang Bailin.Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2009,44(1):130-134.
[15]Mallick S,Craft K L,Meister L J,et al.Determination of the principal directions of azimuthal anisotropy from P-wave seismic data[J].Geoghysics,1998,63(2):692-706.
[16]曲寿利,季玉新,王鑫,等.全方位P波属性裂缝检测方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(4):391-397.Qu Shouli,Ji Yuxin,Wang Xin,et al.Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2001,36(4):391-397.
[17]杨克明,张虹.地震三维三分量技术在致密砂岩裂缝预测中的应用——以川西新场气田为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2008,29(5):683-689.Yang Keming,Zhang Hong.Oil&Gas Geology,2008,29(5):683-689.
[18]Gray D,Head K V.Fracture detection in the Manderson Field:A3D AVAZ case history[J].Leading Edge,2000,19(11):1214-1221.
[19]Schoenberg M,Douma J.Elastic wave propagation in media with parallel fractures and aligned cracks[J].Geophysics Prospecting,1988,36:571-590.
[20]Gaiser J E.3D converted shear wave rotation with layer stripping:US,5610875[P].1997-03-11.
[21]蒲静,秦启荣.油气储层裂缝预测方法综述[J].特种油气藏,2008,15(3):9-13.Pu Jing,Qin Qirong.Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2008,15(3):9-13.
[22]陈辉,胡英,李军.数学形态学在地震裂缝检测中的应用[J].天然气工业,2008,28(3):48-50.Chen Hui,Hu Ying,Li Jun.Natural Gas Industry,2008,28(3):48-50.
[23]高霞,谢庆宾.储层裂缝识别与评价方法新进展[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(5):1460-1465.Gao Xia,Xie Qingbin.Progress in Geophysics,2007,22(5):1460-1465.
[24]葛祥,张筠,吴见萌.川西须家河组致密碎屑岩裂缝与储层评价[J].测井技术,2007,31(3):211-215.Ge Xiang,Zhang Yun,Wu Jianmeng.Well Logging Technology,2007,31(3):211-215.
[25]陈清贵,潘小东.致密砂岩储集层裂缝综合录井识别技术研究[J].录井工程,2006,17(3):6-9.Chen Qinggui,Pan Xiaodong.Mud Logging Engineering,2006,17(3):6-9.
[26]邓英尔,刘慈群.垂直裂缝井开发低渗油藏非线性渗流压力分析[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(1):81-83.Deng Yinger,Liu Ciqun.Petroleum Exploration and Development,2003,30(1):81-83.
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