琼东南盆地异常压力分布与形成机理探讨
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摘要
基于测井资料和地震层速度预测盆地地层压力,结合实测压力和泥浆数据,从琼东南盆地测井资料和地震资料入手,综合前人的研究成果,分析了琼东南盆地地层压力分布特点,总结了琼东南盆地异常地层压力分布规律,认为此盆地单井压力类型可以划分为常压、微超压、超压;超压出现的层位,层速度剖面上出现速度反转现象,在凹陷中心易形成强超压体;上渐新统陵水组压力平面上发育陵水凹陷、松南宝岛凹陷、乐东凹陷等强超压凹陷,具有从北向南、从西向东超压逐渐增强、超压范围增大的特点。在此基础上,分析了琼东南盆地的超压成因机理,认为该盆地上高达110m/Ma的沉降速率造成的不均衡压实是该盆地上超压层形成的主要成因;高达105m/Ma的沉降速率、较高的地温梯度引起的生烃作用以及断层活动性减弱、封堵性增强共同控制着下超压层的形成。
Started from logging data,combined with the test pressure data and plentiful mud fluid data,distribution characteristics of formation pressure in Qiongdongnan basin is analyzed.On the base of these and combined with previous research results,we summarize the distribution of overpressure in the basin.That is,characteristics of individual wells can be summed up into four types,which include normal pressure,micro-super-pressure,super-pressure and high pressure.High-pressure bladders appear on profile,which overpressure regimes can easily form in inner of sags.On the plane,high overpressure in the Lingshui Formation of Oligocene exists in Lingshui,Songnan-Baodao,Ledong Sag and so on.Generally,overpressure enhanced gradually from north to south,from west to east.On this basis,the mechanism of the basin overpressure is analyzed,and suggests that disequilibrium compaction caused by subsiding rate of up to 110m/Ma is the major factor for the formation of overpressure stratum.The formation of overpressure stratum is the result of subsiding rate of up to 105m/Ma,hydrocarbon-generation caused by high geothermal field,as well as weakened fault activity and enhanced sealing.
Started from logging data,combined with the test pressure data and plentiful mud fluid data,distribution characteristics of formation pressure in Qiongdongnan basin is analyzed.On the base of these and combined with previous research results,we summarize the distribution of overpressure in the basin.That is,characteristics of individual wells can be summed up into four types,which include normal pressure,micro-super-pressure,super-pressure and high pressure.High-pressure bladders appear on profile,which overpressure regimes can easily form in inner of sags.On the plane,high overpressure in the Lingshui Formation of Oligocene exists in Lingshui,Songnan-Baodao,Ledong Sag and so on.Generally,overpressure enhanced gradually from north to south,from west to east.On this basis,the mechanism of the basin overpressure is analyzed,and suggests that disequilibrium compaction caused by subsiding rate of up to 110m/Ma is the major factor for the formation of overpressure stratum.The formation of overpressure stratum is the result of subsiding rate of up to 105m/Ma,hydrocarbon-generation caused by high geothermal field,as well as weakened fault activity and enhanced sealing.
引文
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[2]Hu Haiyan.Overpressure cause and it affects the reserve for-mation[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2004,15(1):99-101.[胡海燕.超压的成因及其对油气成藏的影响[J].天然气地球科学,2004,15(1):99-101.]
[3]He Jiaxiong,Chen Shenghong,Liu Hailing,et al.Petroleumresource potential and advantageous exploration targets inYing-Qiong basin,northern margin of South China Sea[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2008,19(4):492-498.[何家雄,陈胜红,刘海龄,等.南海北部边缘莺—琼盆地油气资源前景及有利勘探方向分析[J].天然气地球科学,2008,19(4):492-498.]
[4]Wang Minfang.The character of overpressure and its rela-tionship with the distribution of oil and gas,Qiongdongnanbasin[J].Marine Petroleum Exploitation,2002,23(1):15-22.[王敏芳.琼东南盆地超压特征及超压体与油气分布的关系[J].海洋石油,2002,23(1):15-22.]
[5]Wu Jingwu.Structural Characteristics and Formative Mecha-nism of Southern Sag,Qiongdongnan Basin[D].Hangzhou:Article of University of Zhejiang Province for Master Degree,2008:13-20.[吴敬武.琼东南盆地南部凹陷构造特征及形成机制[D].杭州:浙江大学硕士学位论文,2008:13-20.]
[6]Li Chunquan,Chen Honghan,Zhang Shulin,et al.Pressurefield and its evolutional characteristics in Qiongdongnan basin[J].Xinjiang Oil Geology,2002,23(5):389-392.[李纯泉,陈红汉,张树林,等.琼东南盆地压力场及其演化特征[J].新疆石油地质,2002,23(5):389-392.]
[7]Zhu Guanghui,Chen Gang,Diao Yinghu,et al.Characteristicsof geotherm-pressure field and its relationship with hydrocar-bon migration and accumulation in Qiongdongnan basin,South Sea[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas Geology,2000,14(1):29-36.[朱光辉,陈刚,刁应护,等.琼东南盆地温压场及其与油气运聚的关系[J].中国海上油气:地质,2000,14(1):29-36.]
[8]Zhai Panpan,Zhang Jixi,Zhao Hong,et al.Formation mecha-nism and prediction method of abnormal high pressure[J].In-ner Mongolia Petrochemical Industry,2009,19:40-41.[翟盼盼,张纪喜,赵洪,等.异常高压成因机制及其预测方法[J].内蒙古石油化工,2009,19:40-41.]
[9]Zhang Shiqi,Ji Youliang.Subsurface Geology of Oil and GasFields[M].Beijing:University of Petroleum Press,2005:137-148.[张世奇,纪友亮.油气田地下地质学[M].北京:石油大学出版社,2005:137-148.]
[10]Du Xu,Zheng Hongyin,Jiao Xiuqiong,et al.Abnormal pres-sure and hydrocarbon accumulation[J].Earth Science Fron-tiers,1995,(4):137-148.[杜栩,郑红印,焦秀琼,等.异常压力与油气分布[J].地学前缘,1995,(4):137-148.]
[11]Zeng Zhiping,Song Guoqi,Liu Kuiyuan.Overpressure mecha-nisms in Taoerhe sag of Chezhen depression[J].GeologicalScience and Technology Information,2008,27(6):71-75.[曾治平,宋国奇,刘魁元.车镇凹陷套尔河洼陷地层超压成因机理[J].地质科技情报,2008,27(6):71-75.]
[12]Zhang Yunfan,Sun Zhen,Guo Xingwei,et al.Tectonic sub-sidence characteristics of Qiongdongnan basin in Cenozoic[J].Journal of Tropical Ocean,2008,27(5):30-36.[张云帆,孙珍,郭兴伟,等.琼东南盆地新生代沉降特征[J].热带海洋学报,2008,27(5):30-36.]
[13]Mi Lijun,Zhang Gongcheng.Dynamical Studies of Hydrocar-bon Migration and Accumulation in the Northern DeepwaterArea of the South China Sea[M].Beijing:Science Press,2008:120-150.[米立军,张功成.南海北部深水区油气成藏动力学研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2008:120-150.]
[14]Shi Xiaobin,Qiu Xuelin,Xia Kanyuan,et al.Heat flow char-acteristics and its tectonic significance of South China Sea[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography,1998,22(2):63-73.[施小斌,邱学林,夏戡原,等.南海热流特征及其构造意义[J].热带海洋学报,1998,22(2):63-73.]
[15]Jiang Zhenxue,Chen Zhangming,Zhang Mingxue.Researchon the fault sealing in Qiongdongnan basin[J].China OffshoreOil and Gas Geology,1998,12(2):91-96.[姜振学,陈章明,张明学.琼东南盆地断层封闭性研究[J].中国海上油气:地质,1998,12(2):91-96.]
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