塔中北部斜坡带古岩溶发育特征及演化模式
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摘要
塔中地区北部斜坡带加里东运动中期古岩溶在上奥陶统吐木休克组沉积后开始发育,至上奥陶统良里塔格组良四段沉积后结束,古岩溶作用时间长,岩溶特征丰富而明显,可通过地质、钻井、常规测井、成像测井和地震等特征综合识别。古岩溶垂向结构自上而下可划分为表层岩溶带、垂向渗滤带、径流岩溶带和深部缓流带,其中径流岩溶带可进一步分为上、下两个亚带及过渡带。随着古地貌地势的降低,上部的岩溶带有减薄甚至不发育的趋势。古岩溶形成的缝洞体系的储集性能受古地貌及海平面变化控制,岩溶斜坡为有利勘探区带,垂向上以径流岩溶带和表层岩溶带储集性能最好,因而研究区下-中奥陶统鹰山组勘探潜力巨大。
Starting development from Tumuxiuke formation to the end of Lianglitag No.4 member deposition of the Upper Ordovician in slope of northern Tazhong area,the paleo-karst process is so long and its feature is so abundant and obvious that can be comprehensively identified by the characteristics of geology,drilling,conventional logging,imaging logging and seismic data processing.The vertical structure of paleo-karst can be divided into surfacial karst zone,vertical percolation zone,radial flow karst zone and deep tranquil flow zone from the top to the bottom,among which the deep tranquil flow zone can be further divided into upper and lower subzones and one transitional zone.With the lowering of paleo relief,the upper karst zone trends to thinning and even undevelopment.Thus the quality of fractured-vuggy reservoir formed by the paleo-karst is controlled by paleo relief and sea level changes.The study suggests that the karst slope is favorable prospecting area,the radial flow karst zone and surfacial karst zone are of best reservoir quality,vertically,and the greatiest potential for petroleum exploration is the Yingshan formation of Lower-Middle Ordovician in the studied area.
Starting development from Tumuxiuke formation to the end of Lianglitag No.4 member deposition of the Upper Ordovician in slope of northern Tazhong area,the paleo-karst process is so long and its feature is so abundant and obvious that can be comprehensively identified by the characteristics of geology,drilling,conventional logging,imaging logging and seismic data processing.The vertical structure of paleo-karst can be divided into surfacial karst zone,vertical percolation zone,radial flow karst zone and deep tranquil flow zone from the top to the bottom,among which the deep tranquil flow zone can be further divided into upper and lower subzones and one transitional zone.With the lowering of paleo relief,the upper karst zone trends to thinning and even undevelopment.Thus the quality of fractured-vuggy reservoir formed by the paleo-karst is controlled by paleo relief and sea level changes.The study suggests that the karst slope is favorable prospecting area,the radial flow karst zone and surfacial karst zone are of best reservoir quality,vertically,and the greatiest potential for petroleum exploration is the Yingshan formation of Lower-Middle Ordovician in the studied area.
引文
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[2]Fritz R D,Wilson J L,Yorew icz D A.Paleokarst relatedhydrocarbon reservoirs[M].New Orleans:SEMP Core WorkShop,1993.
[3]康玉柱.中国古生代碳酸盐岩古岩溶储集特征与油气分布[J].天然气工业,2008,28(6):1-12.
[4]张宝民,刘静江.中国岩溶储集层分类与特征及相关的理论问题[J].石油勘探与开发,2009,36(1):12-28.
[5]王素芬,李伟,张帆,等.乐山—龙女寺古隆起洗象池群有利储集层发育机制[J].石油勘探与开发,2008,35(2):170-174.
[6]夏明军,戴金星,邹才能,等.鄂尔多斯盆地南部加里东期岩溶古地与天然气成藏条件分析[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(3):291-315.
[7]张抗,王大锐,Huff B G.塔里木盆地塔河油田奥陶系油气藏储集层特征(英)[J].石油勘探与开发,2004,31(1):123-126.
[8]韩剑发,于红枫,张海祖,等.塔中地区北部斜坡带下奥陶统碳酸盐岩风化壳油气富集特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2008,29(2):167-173.
[9]周新源,王招明,杨海军,等.中国海相油气田勘探实例之五——塔中奥陶系大型凝析气田的勘探和发现[J].海相油气地质,2006,11(1):45-51.
[10]张晓辉.塔河油田碳酸盐岩岩溶测井响应特征[J].新疆地质,2005,23(4):406-409.
[11]贾文玉,田素月,孙耀庭.成像测井技术与应用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2000.
[12]钟广法,刘瑞林,柳建华,等.塔北隆起奥陶系古岩溶的电成像测井识别[J].天然气工业,2004,24(6):57-60.
[13]张宏,郑浚茂,杨道庆,等.塔中卡塔克区块古岩溶储层地震预测技术[J].石油学报,2008,29(1):69-74.
[14]陈广坡,潘建国,管文胜.碳酸盐岩岩溶型储层的地球物理响应特征分析[J].天然气勘探与开发,2005,28(3):43-46.
[15]WrightVP.Therecognitionandinterpretationofpaleokarsts:two examples from the Lower Carboniferous of Wales[J].J.Sedimentary Petrology,1982,52:83-94.
[16]康志宏.塔河碳酸盐岩油藏岩溶古地貌研究[J].新疆石油地质,2006,27(5):522-525.
[17]康玉柱.塔里木盆地寒武-奥陶系古岩溶特征与油气分布[J].新疆石油地质,2005,26(5):472-480.
[18]袁道先,朱德浩,翁金桃,等.中国岩溶学[M].北京:地质出版社,1994.
[19]夏明军,戴金星,邹才能,等.鄂尔多斯盆地南部加里东期岩溶古地貌与天然气成藏条件分析[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(3),291-299.
[20]陈洪德,张锦泉,夏文杰,等.新疆塔里木盆地北部古岩溶储集体特征及控油作用[M].成都:成都科技大学出版社,1999.
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