吐鲁番拗陷深层构造演化特征与油气关系
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摘要
综合吐鲁番拗陷深层地震、钻井和露头等资料,本文建立复杂构造带区域地质大剖面,并利用平衡剖面技术进行构造恢复。主要目的是动态地再现构造的形成过程,精确地判断出古今圈闭的时空展布,合理地解释油气的运聚成藏及散失与构造演化的关系。分析认为,海西期—印支早期为拗隆雏形形成期,变形强度南强北弱;印支晚期—燕山期为构造持续隆升发展变形期,具有由南到北变形渐晚、变形强度减弱的整体特征;喜马拉雅期为深层古构造调整改造定型期,调整改造强度具有北强南弱,以及中段强、东西两段弱的特征。构造运动与圈闭形成的突出特征是印支末期以隆升剥蚀作用为主,中晚燕山期以继承性褶皱加强作用为主,喜马拉雅期以逆冲褶皱改造作用为主。圈闭形成与油气运移的配置有四种关系:海西期—印支早期形成的圈闭早于油气的生排烃期,印支末期—中燕山期形成的圈闭大致与油气生排烃同期,晚燕山期—早喜马拉雅期形成的圈闭稍晚于生排烃期,晚喜马拉雅期形成的圈闭大大晚于生排烃期。
Based on study on the seismic data from deep strata,drilling data and outcrops etc.in Turpan Depression,the paper established the regional geological section for the complicated structure belt and carried out the structural recovery by using the balanced section technique.The main purpose of which is to reconstruct the forming process of the structure dynamically,judge the distribution of traps accurately and explain the relationship between the migration,accumulation and destruction of the hydrocarbon and the structure evolution reasonably.It is understood that the Hercynian to early Indosinian period is the embryonic stage for the depression formation,the deformation intensity decreasing from the South to North.The late Indosinian to Yanshanian period is the stage of uplift development deformation with the feature of structure's distortion earlier in the south than in the north and the distortion intensity decreased from the south to the north.The Himalayan period is adjusting and modifying stage for the deep paleo tectonic,featured the intensity of the adjusting and modifying decreasing from north to south in NS direction and stronger in the middle and weaker in the east section and west section in the EW direction.The tectonic movement and trap formation is characterized by mainly the uplift and erosion in Late Indosinian period,the successive fold strengthening in Mid-late Yanshanian period,and the thrust fold modifying in Himalayan period.The relationships between the formation of trap and the migration of hydrocarbon are as follows:(1) the traps formed in Hercynian to early Indosinian period were earlier than the main stage of the hydrocarbon's generation and expulsion,(2) the traps formed in late Indosinian to middle Yanshanian Movement stage were almost at same time with the main stage of hydrocarbon's generation and expulsion,(3) the traps formed in late Yanshanian movement to early Himalayan movement stage were litter bit late than the main stage of hydrocarbon's generation and expulsion and(4) the traps formed in Late Himalayan period were much later than the main stages of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion.
Based on study on the seismic data from deep strata,drilling data and outcrops etc.in Turpan Depression,the paper established the regional geological section for the complicated structure belt and carried out the structural recovery by using the balanced section technique.The main purpose of which is to reconstruct the forming process of the structure dynamically,judge the distribution of traps accurately and explain the relationship between the migration,accumulation and destruction of the hydrocarbon and the structure evolution reasonably.It is understood that the Hercynian to early Indosinian period is the embryonic stage for the depression formation,the deformation intensity decreasing from the South to North.The late Indosinian to Yanshanian period is the stage of uplift development deformation with the feature of structure's distortion earlier in the south than in the north and the distortion intensity decreased from the south to the north.The Himalayan period is adjusting and modifying stage for the deep paleo tectonic,featured the intensity of the adjusting and modifying decreasing from north to south in NS direction and stronger in the middle and weaker in the east section and west section in the EW direction.The tectonic movement and trap formation is characterized by mainly the uplift and erosion in Late Indosinian period,the successive fold strengthening in Mid-late Yanshanian period,and the thrust fold modifying in Himalayan period.The relationships between the formation of trap and the migration of hydrocarbon are as follows:(1) the traps formed in Hercynian to early Indosinian period were earlier than the main stage of the hydrocarbon's generation and expulsion,(2) the traps formed in late Indosinian to middle Yanshanian Movement stage were almost at same time with the main stage of hydrocarbon's generation and expulsion,(3) the traps formed in late Yanshanian movement to early Himalayan movement stage were litter bit late than the main stage of hydrocarbon's generation and expulsion and(4) the traps formed in Late Himalayan period were much later than the main stages of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion.
引文
[1]王昌桂,杨飚.吐哈盆地二叠系油气勘探潜力.新疆石油地质,2004,25(1):17~18Wang Chang-gui,Yang Biao.Prospects of hydrocar-bon exploration of Permian in Turpan-Hami-Basin.Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2004,25(1):17~18
[2]左胜杰,贾瑞忠,庞雄奇.应用成藏门限理论评价吐哈盆地前侏罗系油气资源潜力.石油实验地质,2005,27(4):321~325Zuo Sheng-jie,Jia Rui-zhong,Pang Xiong-qi.Applypool-forming threshold theory to evaluate pre-Jurassicresource potential of the Turpan-Hami Basin,north-western China.Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2005,27(4):321~325
[3]袁明生,梁世君,燕列灿等.吐哈盆地油气地质与勘探实践.北京:石油工业出版社,2002
[4]李华明,李新宁,黄卫东等.吐哈盆地库木凸起南缘前侏罗系勘探潜力.新疆石油地质,2008,29(1):26~28Li Hua-ming,Li Xin-ning,Huang Wei-dong et al.Exploration potential of Pre-Jurassic in southern mar-gin of Kumu swell in Tuha basin.Xinjiang Petrole-um Geology,2008,29(1):26~28
[5]李新宁,许忠林,王广锋等.库木古凸起构造格架及其形成演化史浅析.吐哈油气,2004,9(3):236~238Li Xin-ning,Xu Zhong-lin,Wang Guang-feng et al.Structural framework and evolution of Kumu palaeo-high in Tuha Basin.Tuha Oil&Gas,2004,9(3):236~238
[6]黄福喜,陈洪德,王茂显等.吐哈盆地台北凹陷三叠系油气分布主控因素分析.沉积与特提斯地质,2008,28(2):46~52Huang Fu-xi,Chen Hong-de,Wang Mao-xian et al.Controlling factors for the Triassic hydrocarbon dis-tribution in the Taibei depression,Turpan-Hami Ba-sin,Xinjiang.Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Ge-ology,2008,28(2):46~52
[7]Davis D,Suppe J,Dahlen F A.Mechanics of fold/thrust belts and accretionary wedges.Journal ofGeohpysical Research,1983,88(B2):1153~1172
[8]Hossack J R.The use of balanced cross-sections inthe calculation of orogenic contraction:A review.Journal of the Geological Society of London,1979,136(6):705~711
[9]张开均,施央申,黄钟瑾等.逆冲推覆构造最新研究进展评述.地质与勘探,1996,32(2):23~28Zhang Kai-jun,Shi Yang-shen,Huang Zhong-jin et al.Review on latest advances in thrust structure studies.Geology and Prospecting,1996,32(2):23~28
[10]Dahlstrom C D A.Balanced cross sections.CanadianJournal of Earth Scinces,1969,6:743~757
[11]陈伟,卢华复,施央申.平衡剖面计算机模拟及其应用.北京:科学出版社,1993
[12]张明山,陈发景.平衡剖面技术应用的条件及实例分析.石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(4):532~540,552Zhang Ming-shan,Chen Fa-jing.Application condi-tion of balanced-section technique and the case analy-sis.OGP,1998,33(4):532~540,552
[13]Eilliott D.The energy balance and deformationmechanisms of thrust sheets.Philosophical Transac-tion Royal Society of London,1976A,283:289~312
[14]Price R A.The Cordileran foreland thrust and foldbelt in the southern Canadian Rocky Mountains.∥McClay K R and Price N J eds.Thrust and NappeTectonics.Geological Society of London Special Pub-lication,1981(9):427~448
[15]牟中海.应用地震资料建立压性盆地平衡剖面.石油地球物理勘探,1992,27(4):498~504Mou Zhong-hai.Constructing the balanced section ina compressional basin by using seismic data.OGP,1992,27(4):498~504
[16]何登发,贾承造.冲断构造与油气聚集.石油勘探与开发,2005,32(2):55~62He Deng-fa,Jia Cheng-zao.Thrust tectonics and hy-drocarbon accumulation.Petroleum Exploration andDevelopment,2005,32(2):55~62
[17]Horn M K.Sedimentary provinces of the word andcharacteristics of giant oil and gas fields.AAPG/Datapages Digital Product Databases/Data Sets,1990
[18]Halbouty M T.Giant oil and gas fields of the decade(1990~1999).AAPG Memoir78,Tulsa:AAPG,2003
[19]苏传国,李定方,蒋新义.吐哈盆地台北凹陷上二叠统源岩生烃潜力分析.新疆地质,2002,20(1):77~79Su Chuang-uo,Li Ding-fang,Jiang Xin-yi.Hydro-carbon generation potential of upper Permian sourcerocks in Taibei depression,Turpan-Hami Basin.Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2002,20(1):77~79
[20]杨永泰,邹才能,李伟等.吐哈盆地鄯深构造三叠系油藏成藏期次分析.石油学报,2002,23(2):22~26Yang Yong-tai,Zou Cai-neng,Li Wei et al.Oil-accu-mulating stages of the Triassic trap within the Shan-shen structure in Tuha Basin.Acta Petrolei Sinica,2002,23(2):22~26
[21]旷理雄,郭建华,梅廉夫等.从油气勘探的角度论博格达山的隆升.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2005,35(3):346~350Kuang Li-xiong,Guo Jian-hua,Mei Lian-fu et al.Study on the upheaval of the Bogeda Mountain Blockfrom angle of oil and gas exploration.Journal of Jil-ing University(Earth Science Edition),2005,35(3):346~350
[22]杨珍祥,康永尚,焦立新等.吐哈盆地台北与台南凹陷三叠系成藏差异性.新疆石油地质,2005,26(4):398~400Yang Zhen-xiang,Kang Yong-shang,Jiao Li-xin etal.Differential hydrocarbon accumulation of Triassicin Taibei and Tainan Sags,Tuha Basin.XinjiangPetroleum Geology,2005,26(4):398~400
[2]左胜杰,贾瑞忠,庞雄奇.应用成藏门限理论评价吐哈盆地前侏罗系油气资源潜力.石油实验地质,2005,27(4):321~325Zuo Sheng-jie,Jia Rui-zhong,Pang Xiong-qi.Applypool-forming threshold theory to evaluate pre-Jurassicresource potential of the Turpan-Hami Basin,north-western China.Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2005,27(4):321~325
[3]袁明生,梁世君,燕列灿等.吐哈盆地油气地质与勘探实践.北京:石油工业出版社,2002
[4]李华明,李新宁,黄卫东等.吐哈盆地库木凸起南缘前侏罗系勘探潜力.新疆石油地质,2008,29(1):26~28Li Hua-ming,Li Xin-ning,Huang Wei-dong et al.Exploration potential of Pre-Jurassic in southern mar-gin of Kumu swell in Tuha basin.Xinjiang Petrole-um Geology,2008,29(1):26~28
[5]李新宁,许忠林,王广锋等.库木古凸起构造格架及其形成演化史浅析.吐哈油气,2004,9(3):236~238Li Xin-ning,Xu Zhong-lin,Wang Guang-feng et al.Structural framework and evolution of Kumu palaeo-high in Tuha Basin.Tuha Oil&Gas,2004,9(3):236~238
[6]黄福喜,陈洪德,王茂显等.吐哈盆地台北凹陷三叠系油气分布主控因素分析.沉积与特提斯地质,2008,28(2):46~52Huang Fu-xi,Chen Hong-de,Wang Mao-xian et al.Controlling factors for the Triassic hydrocarbon dis-tribution in the Taibei depression,Turpan-Hami Ba-sin,Xinjiang.Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Ge-ology,2008,28(2):46~52
[7]Davis D,Suppe J,Dahlen F A.Mechanics of fold/thrust belts and accretionary wedges.Journal ofGeohpysical Research,1983,88(B2):1153~1172
[8]Hossack J R.The use of balanced cross-sections inthe calculation of orogenic contraction:A review.Journal of the Geological Society of London,1979,136(6):705~711
[9]张开均,施央申,黄钟瑾等.逆冲推覆构造最新研究进展评述.地质与勘探,1996,32(2):23~28Zhang Kai-jun,Shi Yang-shen,Huang Zhong-jin et al.Review on latest advances in thrust structure studies.Geology and Prospecting,1996,32(2):23~28
[10]Dahlstrom C D A.Balanced cross sections.CanadianJournal of Earth Scinces,1969,6:743~757
[11]陈伟,卢华复,施央申.平衡剖面计算机模拟及其应用.北京:科学出版社,1993
[12]张明山,陈发景.平衡剖面技术应用的条件及实例分析.石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(4):532~540,552Zhang Ming-shan,Chen Fa-jing.Application condi-tion of balanced-section technique and the case analy-sis.OGP,1998,33(4):532~540,552
[13]Eilliott D.The energy balance and deformationmechanisms of thrust sheets.Philosophical Transac-tion Royal Society of London,1976A,283:289~312
[14]Price R A.The Cordileran foreland thrust and foldbelt in the southern Canadian Rocky Mountains.∥McClay K R and Price N J eds.Thrust and NappeTectonics.Geological Society of London Special Pub-lication,1981(9):427~448
[15]牟中海.应用地震资料建立压性盆地平衡剖面.石油地球物理勘探,1992,27(4):498~504Mou Zhong-hai.Constructing the balanced section ina compressional basin by using seismic data.OGP,1992,27(4):498~504
[16]何登发,贾承造.冲断构造与油气聚集.石油勘探与开发,2005,32(2):55~62He Deng-fa,Jia Cheng-zao.Thrust tectonics and hy-drocarbon accumulation.Petroleum Exploration andDevelopment,2005,32(2):55~62
[17]Horn M K.Sedimentary provinces of the word andcharacteristics of giant oil and gas fields.AAPG/Datapages Digital Product Databases/Data Sets,1990
[18]Halbouty M T.Giant oil and gas fields of the decade(1990~1999).AAPG Memoir78,Tulsa:AAPG,2003
[19]苏传国,李定方,蒋新义.吐哈盆地台北凹陷上二叠统源岩生烃潜力分析.新疆地质,2002,20(1):77~79Su Chuang-uo,Li Ding-fang,Jiang Xin-yi.Hydro-carbon generation potential of upper Permian sourcerocks in Taibei depression,Turpan-Hami Basin.Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2002,20(1):77~79
[20]杨永泰,邹才能,李伟等.吐哈盆地鄯深构造三叠系油藏成藏期次分析.石油学报,2002,23(2):22~26Yang Yong-tai,Zou Cai-neng,Li Wei et al.Oil-accu-mulating stages of the Triassic trap within the Shan-shen structure in Tuha Basin.Acta Petrolei Sinica,2002,23(2):22~26
[21]旷理雄,郭建华,梅廉夫等.从油气勘探的角度论博格达山的隆升.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2005,35(3):346~350Kuang Li-xiong,Guo Jian-hua,Mei Lian-fu et al.Study on the upheaval of the Bogeda Mountain Blockfrom angle of oil and gas exploration.Journal of Jil-ing University(Earth Science Edition),2005,35(3):346~350
[22]杨珍祥,康永尚,焦立新等.吐哈盆地台北与台南凹陷三叠系成藏差异性.新疆石油地质,2005,26(4):398~400Yang Zhen-xiang,Kang Yong-shang,Jiao Li-xin etal.Differential hydrocarbon accumulation of Triassicin Taibei and Tainan Sags,Tuha Basin.XinjiangPetroleum Geology,2005,26(4):398~400
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