基于各向异性扩散滤波的地震图像增强处理
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摘要
为了在提高地震资料信噪比的同时,保护断层等重要构造信息在处理过程中不受到破坏,本文将地震相干属性值作为断层信息保护因子引入到各向异性扩散滤波中,并提出了一种基于各向异性扩散滤波的地震图像增强处理方法。文中首先介绍了该算法的基本原理,然后通过模型试算验证算法的效果,最后对实际数据的处理效果进行了分析,并将此方法与基于Kuwahara滤波的保边增强技术进行了对比。结果表明,该法在保护断层等构造信息的同时,提高了资料的信噪比和可解释性,可为后期的自动或者人工构造解释提供了更好的数据基础。
With technology development in seismic data processing and interpretation,automatic interpretation of seismic data became possible.However,automatic interpretation of seismic data requires higher signal noise ratio(SNR).In order to improve the SNR of seismic data and preserve fault and other information,we propose here a new seismic image processing method based on anisotropic diffusion.This approach has three ingredients: firstly,computing the structure tensor which providing the information on local orientation of the reflection layers;then,applying the seismic coherence attribution in the diffusion tensor as the faults preserving factor;and finally,smoothing along the reflection layers and preserving the faults.Both model and real data examples show that this method obtains remarkable improvements.
With technology development in seismic data processing and interpretation,automatic interpretation of seismic data became possible.However,automatic interpretation of seismic data requires higher signal noise ratio(SNR).In order to improve the SNR of seismic data and preserve fault and other information,we propose here a new seismic image processing method based on anisotropic diffusion.This approach has three ingredients: firstly,computing the structure tensor which providing the information on local orientation of the reflection layers;then,applying the seismic coherence attribution in the diffusion tensor as the faults preserving factor;and finally,smoothing along the reflection layers and preserving the faults.Both model and real data examples show that this method obtains remarkable improvements.
引文
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[2]O′Malley S M,Kakadiaris I A.Towards robust structure-based enhancement and horizon picking in 3-d seismic data.Proceedings of the IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition,2004,482～489
[3]Pedersen S I,Randen T,Sonneland L.Automatic fault extraction using artificial ants.SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2002,21:512～515
[4]Gibson D,Spann M,Turner J.Automatic fault de-tection for3Dseismic data.Proceedings of Digital Image Computing Techniques and Applications Con-ference,Expanded Abstracts,2003,1:821～830
[5]Tingdahl K M,M de Rooij.Semi-automatic detection of faults in3Dseismic data.Geophysical Prospec-ting,2005,53(5):533～542
[6]Admasu F,Back S,Toennies K.Autotracking of faults on 3Dseismic data.Geophysics,2006,71(6):A49～A53
[7]严哲,顾汉明,蔡成国等.利用方向约束蚁群算法识别断层.石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(4):614～620 Yan Zhe,Gu Hanming,Cai Chengguo et al.Fault i-dentification by orientation constraint ant colony algo-rithm.OGP,2011,46(4):614～620
[8]Fehmers G C,Hocker F W.Fast structural interpre-tation with structure-oriented filtering.Geophysics,2003,68(4):1286～1293
[9]Weickert J.Coherence enhancing diffusion filtering.International Journal of Computer Vision,1999,31:111～127
[10]Lavialle O,Pop S,Germain C et al.Seismic fault pre-serving diffusion.Journal of Applied Geophysics,2007,61:132～141
[11]杨培杰,穆星,张景涛.方向性边界保持断层增强技术.地球物理学报,2010,53(12):2992～2997 Yang Peijie,Mu Xing,Zhang Jingtao.Orientational edge preserving fault enhance.Chinese J Geophys,2010,53(12):2992～2997
[12]Dave Hale.Structure-oriented bilateral filtering of seismic images.SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2011,30:3596～3600
[13]Koenderink J.The structure of images.Biological Cybernetics,1984,50:363～370
[14]Perona P,Malik J.Scale space and edge detection u-sing anisotropic diffusion.IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence,1990,12(7):629～639
[15]Bahorich M S,Farmer S L.3-D seismic discontinuity for faults and stratigraphic features.The Leading Edge,1995,14(10):1053～1058
[16]Marfurt K J,Kirlin R L,Farmer S H et al.3-D se-imic attributes using a semblance-based coherency al-gorithm.Geophysics,1998,63(4):1150～1165
[17]Gersztenkorn A,Marfurt K J.Eigenstructure based coherence computations as an aid to3-D structural and stratigraphic mapping.Geophysics,1999,64(5):1468～1479
[18]Randen T,Monsen E,Signer C et al.Three-dimensional texture attributes for seismic data analysis.SEG Techni-cal Program Expanded Abstracts,2000,19:668～671
[2]O′Malley S M,Kakadiaris I A.Towards robust structure-based enhancement and horizon picking in 3-d seismic data.Proceedings of the IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition,2004,482～489
[3]Pedersen S I,Randen T,Sonneland L.Automatic fault extraction using artificial ants.SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2002,21:512～515
[4]Gibson D,Spann M,Turner J.Automatic fault de-tection for3Dseismic data.Proceedings of Digital Image Computing Techniques and Applications Con-ference,Expanded Abstracts,2003,1:821～830
[5]Tingdahl K M,M de Rooij.Semi-automatic detection of faults in3Dseismic data.Geophysical Prospec-ting,2005,53(5):533～542
[6]Admasu F,Back S,Toennies K.Autotracking of faults on 3Dseismic data.Geophysics,2006,71(6):A49～A53
[7]严哲,顾汉明,蔡成国等.利用方向约束蚁群算法识别断层.石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(4):614～620 Yan Zhe,Gu Hanming,Cai Chengguo et al.Fault i-dentification by orientation constraint ant colony algo-rithm.OGP,2011,46(4):614～620
[8]Fehmers G C,Hocker F W.Fast structural interpre-tation with structure-oriented filtering.Geophysics,2003,68(4):1286～1293
[9]Weickert J.Coherence enhancing diffusion filtering.International Journal of Computer Vision,1999,31:111～127
[10]Lavialle O,Pop S,Germain C et al.Seismic fault pre-serving diffusion.Journal of Applied Geophysics,2007,61:132～141
[11]杨培杰,穆星,张景涛.方向性边界保持断层增强技术.地球物理学报,2010,53(12):2992～2997 Yang Peijie,Mu Xing,Zhang Jingtao.Orientational edge preserving fault enhance.Chinese J Geophys,2010,53(12):2992～2997
[12]Dave Hale.Structure-oriented bilateral filtering of seismic images.SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2011,30:3596～3600
[13]Koenderink J.The structure of images.Biological Cybernetics,1984,50:363～370
[14]Perona P,Malik J.Scale space and edge detection u-sing anisotropic diffusion.IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence,1990,12(7):629～639
[15]Bahorich M S,Farmer S L.3-D seismic discontinuity for faults and stratigraphic features.The Leading Edge,1995,14(10):1053～1058
[16]Marfurt K J,Kirlin R L,Farmer S H et al.3-D se-imic attributes using a semblance-based coherency al-gorithm.Geophysics,1998,63(4):1150～1165
[17]Gersztenkorn A,Marfurt K J.Eigenstructure based coherence computations as an aid to3-D structural and stratigraphic mapping.Geophysics,1999,64(5):1468～1479
[18]Randen T,Monsen E,Signer C et al.Three-dimensional texture attributes for seismic data analysis.SEG Techni-cal Program Expanded Abstracts,2000,19:668～671
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