深地震反射剖面构造信息识别研究
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摘要
随着我国深部探测计划的实施,近年来在中国大陆地区实施了多条深地震反射剖面,获得了大量揭示地壳上地幔精细结构的宝贵资料.为了更充分地挖掘这些资料中所包含的深部构造信息,本文在研究和总结前人工作的基础上,提出一种快速识别深地震反射剖面构造格架的方法.该方法通过数据预处理、强振幅提取、中值滤波、对象识别、连续性计算和连续性滤波实现对深地震反射剖面构造格架识别.同时,该方法还可通过对象倾角计算对复杂区域进行属性分析.
With the execution of the SINOPROBE project,several deep seismic reflection profiles were recorded in the past five years.And plenty of valuable seismic data which reveal the fine structure of crust and uppermost mantle was collected.In order to obtain more deep structure information from those profiles,this paper developed a new method to recognize seismic events automatically.Based on the digital image processing technique and pattern recognition theory,the method is composed of the following modules: data pretreatment,amplitude analysis,median filtering,object recognition,continuity calculating and continuity filtering.Besides to recognize structure information from deep seismic profiles,this method is also used to analyze the seismic events angle distribution of structural complex areas.
With the execution of the SINOPROBE project,several deep seismic reflection profiles were recorded in the past five years.And plenty of valuable seismic data which reveal the fine structure of crust and uppermost mantle was collected.In order to obtain more deep structure information from those profiles,this paper developed a new method to recognize seismic events automatically.Based on the digital image processing technique and pattern recognition theory,the method is composed of the following modules: data pretreatment,amplitude analysis,median filtering,object recognition,continuity calculating and continuity filtering.Besides to recognize structure information from deep seismic profiles,this method is also used to analyze the seismic events angle distribution of structural complex areas.
引文
[1]王海燕,高锐,卢占武等.深地震反射剖面揭露大陆岩石圈精细结构.地质学报,2010,84(6):818-838.Wang H Y,Gao R,Lu Z W,et al.Fine structure of thecontinental lithosphere circle revealed by deep seismicreflection profile.Acta Geolocica Sinica(in Chinese),2010,84(6):818-838.
[2]Gao R,Li P W,Li Q S,et al.Deep process of the collision anddeformation on the northern margin of the Tibetan plateau:revelation from investigation of the deep seismic profiles.Science in China(Series D),2001,44:71-78.
[3]Gao R,Lu Z W,Li Q S,et al.Geophysical probe andgeodynamic study of the crust and upper Mantle in theQinghai-Tibet plateau,China.Episodes,2005,28(4):263-273.
[4]王海燕,高锐,薛爱民等.适用于造山带深地震反射资料的动校正方法.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2006,36(4):622-626.Wang H Y,Gao R,Xue A M,et al.A NMO method adaptedto deep seismic reflection in orogenic belt.Journal of JilinUniversity-Earth Science Edition(in Chinese),2006,36(4):622-626.
[5]卢占武,高锐,李秋生等.横过青藏高原羌塘地体中央隆起区的深反射地震试验剖面.地球物理学报,2009,52(8):2008-2014.Lu Z W,Gao R,Li Q S,et al.Testing deep seismic reflectionprofiles across the central uplift of the Qiangtang terrane inthe Tibetan Plateau.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(inChinese),2009,52(8):2008-2014.
[6]酆少英,高锐,龙长兴等.银川地堑地壳挤压应力场:深地震反射剖面.地球物理学报,2011,54(3):692-697.Feng S Y,Gao R,Long C X,et al.The compressive stressfield of Yinchuan garben:Deep seismic reflection profile.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),2011,54(3):692-697.
[7]于常青,赵殿栋,杨文采.塔里木盆地结晶基底的反射地震调查.地球物理学报,2012,55(9):2925-2938.Yu C Q,Zhao D D,Yang W C.Seismic reflectioninvestigations of basement in Tarim basin.Chinese Journalof Geophysics(in Chinese),2012,55(9):2925-2938.
[8]Li Q,Vasudevan K,Cook F A.Seismic skeletonization:anew approach to interpretation of seismic reflection data.Journal of Geophysical Research(Solid Earth),1997,102(B4):8427-8445.
[9]徐明才,高景华.深部地震资料的处理和解释方法.物探化探计算技术,1999,21(2):151-158.Xu M C,GAO J H.Methods of processing and interpretationabout the deep seismic data.Computing Techniques forGeophysical and Geochemical Exploration(in Chinese),1999,21(2):151-158.
[10]王海燕,高锐,马永生等.若尔盖盆地—西秦岭造山带结合部位深反射资料的静校正和去噪技术.地球物理学进展,2007,22(3):743-749.Wang H Y,Gao R,Ma Y S,et al.Static correction and noiseremoval for deep seismic reflection data from the contact zoneof the Zoigêand the west Qinling orogen.Progress inGeophysics,2007,22(3):743-749.
[11]陈沪生.下扬子地区HQ-13线的综合地球物理调查及其地质意义.石油与天然气地质,1988,9(3):211-222.Chen H S.Comprehensive geophysical survey of HQ-13linein the lower Yangzi reaches and its geological significance.Oil and Gas Geology(in Chinese),1988,9(3):211-222.
[12]陈志德,杨文采,李玲等.松辽盆地北部深反射地震χ2分布处理及其深部地质特征.石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(6):654-660.Chen Z D,Yang W C,Li L,et al.χ2distribution processing ofdeep seismic reflection in north of Songliao basin and its deepgeological feature.Oil Geophysical Prospecting(inChinese),2003,38(6):654-660.
[13]高美娟,田景文,高兴友等.利用边缘检测法检测地震反射同相轴.大庆石油学院学报,2000,24(3):8-11.Gao M J,Tian J W,Gao X Y,et al.Detection of seismicreflection event by edge detection.Journal of DaqingPetroleum Institute(in Chinese),2000,24(3):8-11.
[14]李红星,刘财,陶春辉.图像边缘检测方法在地震剖面同相轴自动检测中的应用研究.地球物理学进展,2007,22(5):1607-1610.Li H X,Liu C,Tao C H.The study of application of edgemeasuring technique to the detection of phase axis of theseismic section.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(5):1607-1610.
[15]陈学华,贺振华,黄德济.地震资料的高阶伪希尔伯特变换边缘检测.地球物理学进展,2008,23(4):1106-1110.Chen X H,He Z H,Huang D J.Seismic data edge detectionbased on higher-order pseudo Hilbert transform.Progress inGeophysics(in Chinese),2008,23(4):1106-1110.
[16]TФdstheim D.Improved seismic discrimination using patternrecognition.Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors,1978,16:85-108.
[17]Lu S Y.A string-to-string correlation algorithm for imageskeletonization.Proc.International Conference on PatternRecognition,1982,6:178-190.
[18]Cheng Y C,Lu S Y.The binary consistency checking schemeand its applications to seismic horizon detection.IEEETrans.Pattern Analysis,1989,11:439-447.
[19]Le L,Nyalnd E.Pattern analysis of seismic records.Geophysics,1990,55:20-28.
[20]郭良辉,孟小红,薛爱民.地震剖面线条化的一种简单算法.地球科学—中国地质大学学报,2007,32(4):545-548.Guo L H,Meng X H,Xue A M.A simple algorithm forseismic skeletonization.Earth Science Journal of ChinaUniversity of Geosciences(in Chinese),2007,32(4):545-548.
[21]李文辉,高锐,王海燕.Skeletonization技术及其在深地震反射剖面解释中的应用.地球物理学进展,2010,25(4):1161-1167.Li W H,GAO R,WANG H Y.Seismic Skeletonization andIts application in deep seismic reflection Profiles′interpretation.Progress in geophysics(in Chinese),2010,25(4),1161-1167.
[22]Lu S Y,Cheng Y C.An iterative approach to seismicskeletonization.Geophysics,1990,55:1312-1320.
[23]Eaton D,Vasudevan K.Skeletonization of aero-magneticdata.Geophysics,2004,69(2):478-488.
[24]Vasudevan K,Eaton D,Cook F A.Adaptation of seismicskeletonization for other geosciences applications.GeophysicalJournal International,2005,161:975-993.
[25]Vasudevan K.,Eaton D,Cook F A.Seismic skeletonization:a useful tool for geophysical data analysis.Cseg Recorder,2006,31(9):36-42.
[26]Mooney W D,Brocher T M.Coincident seismic reflection/refraction studies of the continental lithosphere:global view.Review of Geophysics,1987,25(4):723-742.
[27]姚姚.地震波场与地震勘探.北京:地质出版社,2007:199-200.Yao Y.Seismic Wave Field and Seismic Exploration(inChinese).Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2007:199-200.
[28]Bondar I.Seismic horizon detection using image processingalgorithms.Geophysical Prospecting,1992,40:785-800.
[29]Gonzalez R C,Woods R E.Digital Image Processing(SecondEdition).Beijing:Publishing House of Electronics Industry,2002:14-19.
[30]王宝军.基于标准差椭圆法SEM图像颗粒定向研究原理与方法.岩土工程学报,2009,31(7):1082-1087.Wang B J.Theories and methods for soil grain orientationdistribution in SEM by standard deviational ellipse.ChineseJournal of Geotechnical Engineering(in Chinese),2009,31(7):1082-1087.
[31]Kelly C,Lu Z W,Klemperer S L,et al.SinoProbe seismicreflection imaging of an upper-crustal“bright spot”beneaththe Karakoram Fault,West Tibet.2012,AGU 2012 FallMeeting Abstract.
[2]Gao R,Li P W,Li Q S,et al.Deep process of the collision anddeformation on the northern margin of the Tibetan plateau:revelation from investigation of the deep seismic profiles.Science in China(Series D),2001,44:71-78.
[3]Gao R,Lu Z W,Li Q S,et al.Geophysical probe andgeodynamic study of the crust and upper Mantle in theQinghai-Tibet plateau,China.Episodes,2005,28(4):263-273.
[4]王海燕,高锐,薛爱民等.适用于造山带深地震反射资料的动校正方法.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2006,36(4):622-626.Wang H Y,Gao R,Xue A M,et al.A NMO method adaptedto deep seismic reflection in orogenic belt.Journal of JilinUniversity-Earth Science Edition(in Chinese),2006,36(4):622-626.
[5]卢占武,高锐,李秋生等.横过青藏高原羌塘地体中央隆起区的深反射地震试验剖面.地球物理学报,2009,52(8):2008-2014.Lu Z W,Gao R,Li Q S,et al.Testing deep seismic reflectionprofiles across the central uplift of the Qiangtang terrane inthe Tibetan Plateau.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(inChinese),2009,52(8):2008-2014.
[6]酆少英,高锐,龙长兴等.银川地堑地壳挤压应力场:深地震反射剖面.地球物理学报,2011,54(3):692-697.Feng S Y,Gao R,Long C X,et al.The compressive stressfield of Yinchuan garben:Deep seismic reflection profile.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),2011,54(3):692-697.
[7]于常青,赵殿栋,杨文采.塔里木盆地结晶基底的反射地震调查.地球物理学报,2012,55(9):2925-2938.Yu C Q,Zhao D D,Yang W C.Seismic reflectioninvestigations of basement in Tarim basin.Chinese Journalof Geophysics(in Chinese),2012,55(9):2925-2938.
[8]Li Q,Vasudevan K,Cook F A.Seismic skeletonization:anew approach to interpretation of seismic reflection data.Journal of Geophysical Research(Solid Earth),1997,102(B4):8427-8445.
[9]徐明才,高景华.深部地震资料的处理和解释方法.物探化探计算技术,1999,21(2):151-158.Xu M C,GAO J H.Methods of processing and interpretationabout the deep seismic data.Computing Techniques forGeophysical and Geochemical Exploration(in Chinese),1999,21(2):151-158.
[10]王海燕,高锐,马永生等.若尔盖盆地—西秦岭造山带结合部位深反射资料的静校正和去噪技术.地球物理学进展,2007,22(3):743-749.Wang H Y,Gao R,Ma Y S,et al.Static correction and noiseremoval for deep seismic reflection data from the contact zoneof the Zoigêand the west Qinling orogen.Progress inGeophysics,2007,22(3):743-749.
[11]陈沪生.下扬子地区HQ-13线的综合地球物理调查及其地质意义.石油与天然气地质,1988,9(3):211-222.Chen H S.Comprehensive geophysical survey of HQ-13linein the lower Yangzi reaches and its geological significance.Oil and Gas Geology(in Chinese),1988,9(3):211-222.
[12]陈志德,杨文采,李玲等.松辽盆地北部深反射地震χ2分布处理及其深部地质特征.石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(6):654-660.Chen Z D,Yang W C,Li L,et al.χ2distribution processing ofdeep seismic reflection in north of Songliao basin and its deepgeological feature.Oil Geophysical Prospecting(inChinese),2003,38(6):654-660.
[13]高美娟,田景文,高兴友等.利用边缘检测法检测地震反射同相轴.大庆石油学院学报,2000,24(3):8-11.Gao M J,Tian J W,Gao X Y,et al.Detection of seismicreflection event by edge detection.Journal of DaqingPetroleum Institute(in Chinese),2000,24(3):8-11.
[14]李红星,刘财,陶春辉.图像边缘检测方法在地震剖面同相轴自动检测中的应用研究.地球物理学进展,2007,22(5):1607-1610.Li H X,Liu C,Tao C H.The study of application of edgemeasuring technique to the detection of phase axis of theseismic section.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(5):1607-1610.
[15]陈学华,贺振华,黄德济.地震资料的高阶伪希尔伯特变换边缘检测.地球物理学进展,2008,23(4):1106-1110.Chen X H,He Z H,Huang D J.Seismic data edge detectionbased on higher-order pseudo Hilbert transform.Progress inGeophysics(in Chinese),2008,23(4):1106-1110.
[16]TФdstheim D.Improved seismic discrimination using patternrecognition.Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors,1978,16:85-108.
[17]Lu S Y.A string-to-string correlation algorithm for imageskeletonization.Proc.International Conference on PatternRecognition,1982,6:178-190.
[18]Cheng Y C,Lu S Y.The binary consistency checking schemeand its applications to seismic horizon detection.IEEETrans.Pattern Analysis,1989,11:439-447.
[19]Le L,Nyalnd E.Pattern analysis of seismic records.Geophysics,1990,55:20-28.
[20]郭良辉,孟小红,薛爱民.地震剖面线条化的一种简单算法.地球科学—中国地质大学学报,2007,32(4):545-548.Guo L H,Meng X H,Xue A M.A simple algorithm forseismic skeletonization.Earth Science Journal of ChinaUniversity of Geosciences(in Chinese),2007,32(4):545-548.
[21]李文辉,高锐,王海燕.Skeletonization技术及其在深地震反射剖面解释中的应用.地球物理学进展,2010,25(4):1161-1167.Li W H,GAO R,WANG H Y.Seismic Skeletonization andIts application in deep seismic reflection Profiles′interpretation.Progress in geophysics(in Chinese),2010,25(4),1161-1167.
[22]Lu S Y,Cheng Y C.An iterative approach to seismicskeletonization.Geophysics,1990,55:1312-1320.
[23]Eaton D,Vasudevan K.Skeletonization of aero-magneticdata.Geophysics,2004,69(2):478-488.
[24]Vasudevan K,Eaton D,Cook F A.Adaptation of seismicskeletonization for other geosciences applications.GeophysicalJournal International,2005,161:975-993.
[25]Vasudevan K.,Eaton D,Cook F A.Seismic skeletonization:a useful tool for geophysical data analysis.Cseg Recorder,2006,31(9):36-42.
[26]Mooney W D,Brocher T M.Coincident seismic reflection/refraction studies of the continental lithosphere:global view.Review of Geophysics,1987,25(4):723-742.
[27]姚姚.地震波场与地震勘探.北京:地质出版社,2007:199-200.Yao Y.Seismic Wave Field and Seismic Exploration(inChinese).Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2007:199-200.
[28]Bondar I.Seismic horizon detection using image processingalgorithms.Geophysical Prospecting,1992,40:785-800.
[29]Gonzalez R C,Woods R E.Digital Image Processing(SecondEdition).Beijing:Publishing House of Electronics Industry,2002:14-19.
[30]王宝军.基于标准差椭圆法SEM图像颗粒定向研究原理与方法.岩土工程学报,2009,31(7):1082-1087.Wang B J.Theories and methods for soil grain orientationdistribution in SEM by standard deviational ellipse.ChineseJournal of Geotechnical Engineering(in Chinese),2009,31(7):1082-1087.
[31]Kelly C,Lu Z W,Klemperer S L,et al.SinoProbe seismicreflection imaging of an upper-crustal“bright spot”beneaththe Karakoram Fault,West Tibet.2012,AGU 2012 FallMeeting Abstract.
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