海域区古近系含煤地层及煤层组识别方法
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摘要
采用沉积学、测井地质学、数学方法以及地震方法等对含煤地层及煤层组进行识别,总结出4种含煤地层及煤层组识别方法,并利用地震方法对煤层组进行了预测。结果表明:逻辑判别法和蜘蛛网图法仍然是较为有效的以定性为基础的半定量化方法,而聚类分析法和人工神经网络法则是成功且有效的定量分析方法,但不是通用的模型;对于勘探程度较低的海域区,要综合运用4种方法才能有效地预测含煤地层和识别煤层。地震反演技术与方法对于识别含煤段、判别含煤地层的分布是十分有效的,通过对琼东南盆地多个地震剖面的研究发现三瞬技术法对于识别较厚煤层交互层(复合层段)是可行的。通过对C-93-79和C-52-79剖面进行各类波阻抗反演,发现基于模型反演和神经网络反演的结果与含煤层段有良好的对应关系,是预测含煤层分布较有效的地震识别方法。
Based on the sedimentology,logging,mathematics,and seismic prospecting and so on,the coal-bearing strata and coal seams was recognized,four methods were concluded and the coal seam was forecasted by seismic characteristics.The results show that the program of logical comparison and clustering methodology are effective semi-quantitative methods.Clustering methodology and spider diagram are effective equity methods but not be in common use.Only by synthetically utilizing these four methods the coal-bearing stratum and coal seams can be forecasted exactly.It is also effective to recognize the coal-bearing strata and coal seams by using the seismic inversion.By study on the seismic sections of Qiongdongnan Basin,the characteristics of lower instantaneous frequency and high amplitude of vibration in the Yacheng Formation,it is proved the methods of three-instantaneous profile technology is feasble.By constrained impedance inversion of seismic sections of C-93-79 and C-52-79,it is found that there is consistency between the inversions of model and neutral network and the strata with coal.So it is an effective method to predict the distribution of the coal seams and coal-bearing strata.
Based on the sedimentology,logging,mathematics,and seismic prospecting and so on,the coal-bearing strata and coal seams was recognized,four methods were concluded and the coal seam was forecasted by seismic characteristics.The results show that the program of logical comparison and clustering methodology are effective semi-quantitative methods.Clustering methodology and spider diagram are effective equity methods but not be in common use.Only by synthetically utilizing these four methods the coal-bearing stratum and coal seams can be forecasted exactly.It is also effective to recognize the coal-bearing strata and coal seams by using the seismic inversion.By study on the seismic sections of Qiongdongnan Basin,the characteristics of lower instantaneous frequency and high amplitude of vibration in the Yacheng Formation,it is proved the methods of three-instantaneous profile technology is feasble.By constrained impedance inversion of seismic sections of C-93-79 and C-52-79,it is found that there is consistency between the inversions of model and neutral network and the strata with coal.So it is an effective method to predict the distribution of the coal seams and coal-bearing strata.
引文
[1]黄作华,杨方伟,李恩铎.自然伽玛测井曲线的反褶积校正[J].测井技术,1982(1):38-47.Huang Zuohua,Yang Fangwei,Li Enduo.Deconvolution check ofGammaray log[J].Logging Technology,1982(1):38-47.
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[10]葛宝勋.含煤岩系沉积环境研究方法讲座(第七讲,测井曲线的研究)[J].煤田地质与勘探,1986,14(5):67-72.Ge Baoxun.Research method lecture of the sedimentary environ-ment of coal-bearing series:lecture seven,research of logging curves[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,1986,14(5):67-72.
[11]潘和平,黄智辉.煤层煤质参数测井解释模型[J].现代地质,1998,12(3):447-450.Pan Heping,Huang Zhihui.Log interpretation model of determiningcoalbed coal quality parameters[J].Modern Geology,1998,12(3):447-450.
[12]段喜国,黄伟.煤田测井中的煤层判断及定厚方法[J].新疆有色金属,2007,30(S1):49-52.Duan Xiguo,Huang Wei.Distinguishing coal beds and fixing thick-ness by logging methods[J].Xinjiang Youse Jinshu,2007,30(S1):49-52.
[13]杨宽,程宝渊.用测井曲线解释煤系沉积环境[J].煤田地质与勘探,1985(3):1-5.Yang Kuan,Cheng Baoyuan.Interpretation of logging for the depo-sitional environment of coal formation[J].Coal Geology&Explora-tion,1985(3):1-5.
[14]马正.综合利用测井曲线研究沉积特征及绘制小层岩相图[J].地球科学,1986,11(3):289-294.Ma Zheng.Use logs to determine sedimentary characters and todraw lithofacies map for a bed[J].Earth Science,1986,11(3):289-294.
[15]董守华,邵玉宏,陈辉.利用人工神经网络自动识别煤田测井岩性[J].江苏煤炭,1995(4):13-16.Dong Shouhua,Shao Yuhong,Chen Hui.Use artificial neural net-work to recognize coal logging’s lithology automatically[J].TheCoal of Jiangsu,1995(4):13-16.
[16]朱子强.灰色聚类方法在煤田测井中的应用[J].中国煤田地质,1995,7(4):88-101.Zhu Ziqiang.Application of the clustering methodology in the coallogging[J].Coal Geology of China,1995,7(4):88-101.
[17]仵梅,马瑞平.煤变质的测井曲线响应[J].西部探矿工程,1985,9(1):49-57.Wu Mei,Ma Ruiping.Response to the log of coal metamorphism[J].Western Exploration Engineering,1985,9(1):49-57.
[18]张应文,王亮,王班友,等.煤田测井中煤层的定性及定厚解释技术应用[J].物探与化探,2008,32(1):49-52.Zhang Yingwen,Wang Liang,Wang Banyou,et al.The applicationof geophysical logging to qualitative and thickness-determin inter-pretation trchnique of coal seams[J].Geophysical and GeochemicaExploration,2008,32(1):49-52.
[19]胡望水,彭佳.测井曲线在沉积微相研究中的应用[J].西部探矿工程,2008,32(1):49-52.Hu Wangshui,Peng Jia.Aapplication of well logging curves in sedi-mentary micro-facies research[J].Western Exploration Engineer-ing,2008,32(1):49-52.
[20]Liu Yanjun,Liu Xiwu,Liu Dameng,et al.Applications of seismictechniques to gas hydrates prediction[J].Applied Geophysics,2008,5(1):67-73.
[21]沈怀磊,秦长文,王东东,等.琼东南盆地崖城组煤层的识别方法[J].石油学报,2010,31(4):586-590.Shen Huailei,Qin Changwen,Wang Dongdong,et al.Distinguishingmethods for coal beds in Yacheng Formation of Qiongdongnan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010,31(4):586-590.
[22]李增学,何玉平,刘海燕,等.琼东南盆地崖城组煤的沉积学特征与聚煤模式[J].石油学报,2010,31(4):542-547.Li Zengxue,He Yuping,Liu Haiyan,et al.Sedimentology character-istics and coal-forming models in Yacheng Formation of Qiongdong-nan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010,31(4):542-547.
[23]米立军,王东东,李增学,等.琼东南盆地崖城组高分辨率层序地层格架与煤层形成特征[J].石油学报,2010,31(4):534-541.Mi Lijun,Wang Dongdong,Li Zengxue,et al.High-resolution se-quence stratigraphic framework and coal-forming features inYacheng Formation of Qiongdongnan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sini-ca,2010,31(4):534-541.
[24]魏建平,郝天轩,刘明举.基于构造复杂程度定量评价的瓦斯含量预测BP模型[J].煤炭学报,2009,34(8):1 090-1 094.Wei Jianping,Hao Tianxuan,Liu Mingju.BP model of gas contentprediction based on quantitative assessment of geological structurecomplexity[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2009,34(8):1 090-1 094.
[25]谷松,崔洪庆,冯文丽.基于灰色理论的小波神经网络对瓦斯涌出量的预测[J].煤炭学报,2007,32(9):964-966.Gu Song,Cui Hongqing,Feng Wenli.Mine gas gushing forecastingbased on grey model and wavelet neural network[J].Journal ofChina Coal Society,2007,32(9):964-966.
[26]常锁,刘大锰,林玉成,等.频谱分解技术在煤田精细构造解释及煤含气性预测中的应用[J].煤炭学报,2009,34(8):1 015-1 021.Chang Suo,Liu Dameng,Lin Yucheng,et al.Application of spectraldecomposition for fine seismic structural interpretation in coalfieldand gas-bearing property predication of coal seam[J].Journal ofChina Coal Society,2009,34(8):1 015-1 021.
[2]黄智辉,陈曜岑.用视电阻率曲线研究含煤沉积环境[J].煤田地质与勘探,1984(2):1-5.Huang Zhihui,Chen Yaocen.Use the method lecture of the apparentresistivity curve to study the coal-bearing sedimentary environment[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,1984(2):1-5.
[3]黄智辉,陈曜岑.煤田测井资料在分析沉积环境及研究聚煤带中的应用[J].物探与化探,1985,9(1):49-57.
[4]黄智辉.地球物理测井资料在分析沉积环境中的应用[M].北京:地质出版社,1986:52-100.
[5]黄智辉.测井含煤地层分析方法讲座(第一讲,含煤地层的岩石物理性质)[J].煤田地质与勘探,1987,15(1):67-72.Huang Zhihui.Analytical method lecture of logging coal-bearing stra-ta:lecture one,physical properties of rocks in coal-bearing strata[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,1987,15(1):67-72.
[6]黄智辉.测井含煤地层分析方法讲座(第二讲,测井煤质分析方法)[J].煤田地质与勘探,1987,15(2):65-71.Huang Zhihui.Analytical method lecture of logging coal-bearing stra-ta:lecture two,analytical method of logging coal quality[J].CoalGeology&Exploration,1987,15(2):65-71.
[7]黄智辉.测井含煤地层分析方法讲座(第三讲,测井岩性分析方法)[J].煤田地质与勘探,1987,15(3):62-66.Huang Zhihui.Analytical method lecture of logging coal-bearing stra-ta:lecture three,analytical method of logging lithological characters[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,1987,15(3):62-66.
[8]黄智辉.测井含煤地层分析方法讲座(第四讲,测井岩石强度分析方法)[J].煤田地质与勘探,1987,15(4):63-68.Huang Zhihui.Analytical method lecture of logging coal-bearing stra-ta:lecture four,analytical method of logging rock strength[J].CoalGeology&Exploration,1987,15(4):63-68.
[9]黄智辉.测井含煤地层分析方法讲座(第五讲,测井沉积环境分析方法)[J].煤田地质与勘探,1987,15(5):69-74.Huang Zhihui.Analytical method lecture of logging coal-bearing stra-ta:lecture five,analytical method of logging sedimentary environment[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,1987,15(5):69-74.
[10]葛宝勋.含煤岩系沉积环境研究方法讲座(第七讲,测井曲线的研究)[J].煤田地质与勘探,1986,14(5):67-72.Ge Baoxun.Research method lecture of the sedimentary environ-ment of coal-bearing series:lecture seven,research of logging curves[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,1986,14(5):67-72.
[11]潘和平,黄智辉.煤层煤质参数测井解释模型[J].现代地质,1998,12(3):447-450.Pan Heping,Huang Zhihui.Log interpretation model of determiningcoalbed coal quality parameters[J].Modern Geology,1998,12(3):447-450.
[12]段喜国,黄伟.煤田测井中的煤层判断及定厚方法[J].新疆有色金属,2007,30(S1):49-52.Duan Xiguo,Huang Wei.Distinguishing coal beds and fixing thick-ness by logging methods[J].Xinjiang Youse Jinshu,2007,30(S1):49-52.
[13]杨宽,程宝渊.用测井曲线解释煤系沉积环境[J].煤田地质与勘探,1985(3):1-5.Yang Kuan,Cheng Baoyuan.Interpretation of logging for the depo-sitional environment of coal formation[J].Coal Geology&Explora-tion,1985(3):1-5.
[14]马正.综合利用测井曲线研究沉积特征及绘制小层岩相图[J].地球科学,1986,11(3):289-294.Ma Zheng.Use logs to determine sedimentary characters and todraw lithofacies map for a bed[J].Earth Science,1986,11(3):289-294.
[15]董守华,邵玉宏,陈辉.利用人工神经网络自动识别煤田测井岩性[J].江苏煤炭,1995(4):13-16.Dong Shouhua,Shao Yuhong,Chen Hui.Use artificial neural net-work to recognize coal logging’s lithology automatically[J].TheCoal of Jiangsu,1995(4):13-16.
[16]朱子强.灰色聚类方法在煤田测井中的应用[J].中国煤田地质,1995,7(4):88-101.Zhu Ziqiang.Application of the clustering methodology in the coallogging[J].Coal Geology of China,1995,7(4):88-101.
[17]仵梅,马瑞平.煤变质的测井曲线响应[J].西部探矿工程,1985,9(1):49-57.Wu Mei,Ma Ruiping.Response to the log of coal metamorphism[J].Western Exploration Engineering,1985,9(1):49-57.
[18]张应文,王亮,王班友,等.煤田测井中煤层的定性及定厚解释技术应用[J].物探与化探,2008,32(1):49-52.Zhang Yingwen,Wang Liang,Wang Banyou,et al.The applicationof geophysical logging to qualitative and thickness-determin inter-pretation trchnique of coal seams[J].Geophysical and GeochemicaExploration,2008,32(1):49-52.
[19]胡望水,彭佳.测井曲线在沉积微相研究中的应用[J].西部探矿工程,2008,32(1):49-52.Hu Wangshui,Peng Jia.Aapplication of well logging curves in sedi-mentary micro-facies research[J].Western Exploration Engineer-ing,2008,32(1):49-52.
[20]Liu Yanjun,Liu Xiwu,Liu Dameng,et al.Applications of seismictechniques to gas hydrates prediction[J].Applied Geophysics,2008,5(1):67-73.
[21]沈怀磊,秦长文,王东东,等.琼东南盆地崖城组煤层的识别方法[J].石油学报,2010,31(4):586-590.Shen Huailei,Qin Changwen,Wang Dongdong,et al.Distinguishingmethods for coal beds in Yacheng Formation of Qiongdongnan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010,31(4):586-590.
[22]李增学,何玉平,刘海燕,等.琼东南盆地崖城组煤的沉积学特征与聚煤模式[J].石油学报,2010,31(4):542-547.Li Zengxue,He Yuping,Liu Haiyan,et al.Sedimentology character-istics and coal-forming models in Yacheng Formation of Qiongdong-nan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010,31(4):542-547.
[23]米立军,王东东,李增学,等.琼东南盆地崖城组高分辨率层序地层格架与煤层形成特征[J].石油学报,2010,31(4):534-541.Mi Lijun,Wang Dongdong,Li Zengxue,et al.High-resolution se-quence stratigraphic framework and coal-forming features inYacheng Formation of Qiongdongnan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sini-ca,2010,31(4):534-541.
[24]魏建平,郝天轩,刘明举.基于构造复杂程度定量评价的瓦斯含量预测BP模型[J].煤炭学报,2009,34(8):1 090-1 094.Wei Jianping,Hao Tianxuan,Liu Mingju.BP model of gas contentprediction based on quantitative assessment of geological structurecomplexity[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2009,34(8):1 090-1 094.
[25]谷松,崔洪庆,冯文丽.基于灰色理论的小波神经网络对瓦斯涌出量的预测[J].煤炭学报,2007,32(9):964-966.Gu Song,Cui Hongqing,Feng Wenli.Mine gas gushing forecastingbased on grey model and wavelet neural network[J].Journal ofChina Coal Society,2007,32(9):964-966.
[26]常锁,刘大锰,林玉成,等.频谱分解技术在煤田精细构造解释及煤含气性预测中的应用[J].煤炭学报,2009,34(8):1 015-1 021.Chang Suo,Liu Dameng,Lin Yucheng,et al.Application of spectraldecomposition for fine seismic structural interpretation in coalfieldand gas-bearing property predication of coal seam[J].Journal ofChina Coal Society,2009,34(8):1 015-1 021.
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