基于波动方程表面多次波预测与自适应相减方法研究
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摘要
多次波预测与自适应相减是基于波动方程表面多次波压制的两个重要环节.文中利用具有并行计算优势的GPU加速表面多次波预测,使得预测效率大为提高.在自适应相减算法中,文中将预测的多次波道、预测多次波道的Hilbert变换道、预测多次波道的高频重建道、以及它们的平移道用作自适应相减中的多次波模型道.Hilbert变换道用以补偿预测多次波的相位信息,高频重建道用以改善预测多次波的高频信息,补偿频带能量差异.文中在预测和相减过程中均采用迭代算法,迭代预测,可较好地获得多次波的运动学特性,迭代相减,可较好地获得多次波的动力学特性,迭代预测与相减使预测的多次波与地震数据中实际的多次波更好地匹配.将该方法应用于理论模拟的SMAART模型和实际海洋数据中,测试结果表明,该方法预测多次波效率较高,在保持有效波振幅条件下可有效地压制地震数据中的表面多次波.
Multiples prediction and adaptive subtraction are two important links for wave-equation -based surface-related multiples attenuation method.GPU with parallel computation advantage is exploited to accelerate surface-related multiples prediction, which improved calculation efficiency greatly.In adaptive subtraction algorithm, multiples modeling traces contain predicted multiple trace, high-frequency reconstruction trace from predicted multiple trace, Hilbert transform trace from predicted multiple trace, and their translation trace.Hilbert transform trace will compensate phase information of multiples, and high-frequency reconstruction trace improves high-frequency information of predicted multiples, which compensate energy difference in frequency band.Iterative algorithms are used during prediction and subtraction.Iterative prediction improves kinematic properties and iterative subtraction improves dynamic properties, which make predicted multiples match actual multiples well.The proposed method is applied on theoretical SMAART model and raw marine data.The test results show that the method can predict multiples of seismic data efficiently, also suppress surface-related multiples without damaging primary effectively.
Multiples prediction and adaptive subtraction are two important links for wave-equation -based surface-related multiples attenuation method.GPU with parallel computation advantage is exploited to accelerate surface-related multiples prediction, which improved calculation efficiency greatly.In adaptive subtraction algorithm, multiples modeling traces contain predicted multiple trace, high-frequency reconstruction trace from predicted multiple trace, Hilbert transform trace from predicted multiple trace, and their translation trace.Hilbert transform trace will compensate phase information of multiples, and high-frequency reconstruction trace improves high-frequency information of predicted multiples, which compensate energy difference in frequency band.Iterative algorithms are used during prediction and subtraction.Iterative prediction improves kinematic properties and iterative subtraction improves dynamic properties, which make predicted multiples match actual multiples well.The proposed method is applied on theoretical SMAART model and raw marine data.The test results show that the method can predict multiples of seismic data efficiently, also suppress surface-related multiples without damaging primary effectively.
引文
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[2] Van Groenestijn G J A,Verschuur D J.Estimation primaries by sparse inversion and application to near-offset data reconstruction.Geophysics,2009,74(3) :23～28
[3] Verschuur D J,Berkhout A J.Adaptive surface-related multiple elimination.Geophysics,1992,57(9) :1166～1177
[4] Luo Y,Kelamis P G,Aramco S,et al.Simultaneous inversion of multiples and primaries:inversion versus subtraction.The Leading Edge,2003,20:814～819
[5] Verschuur D J,Berkhout A J.Estimation of multiple scattering by iterative inversion,part Ⅱ :Practical aspects and examples.Geophysics,1997,62(5) :1596～1611
[6] Berkhout A J,Verschuur D J.Estimation of multiple scattering by iterative inversion,part Ⅰ :Theoretical considerations.Geophysics,1997,62(5) :1586～1595
[7] Huo S D,Wang Y H.Improving adaptive subtraction in seismic multiple attenuation.Geophysics,2009,74(4) :v59～v67
[8] 李博,刘国峰,刘洪.地震叠前时间偏移的一种图形处理器提速实现方法.地球物理学报,2009,52(1) :245～252 Li B,Liu G F,Liu H.A method of using GPU to accelerate seismic pre-stack time migration.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,52(1) :245～252
[9] 刘国峰,刘洪,李博等.山地地震资料叠前时间偏移方法及其GPU实现.地球物理学报,2009,52(12) :3101～3108 Liu G F,Liu H,Li B,et al.Method of prestack time migration of seismic data of mountainous regions and its GPU implementation.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,52(12) :3101～3108
[10] Zhang J H,Wang S Q,Yao Z X.Accelerating 3D Fourier migration with graphics processing units.Geophysics,2009,74(6) :WCA129～WCA139
[11] Lu Wen Kai,Berkhout A J.Adaptive subtraction using independent component analysis.Geophysics,2006,71(5) :179～184
[12] Lu Wen-Kai,Liu Lei.Adaptive multiple subtraction based on constrained independent component analysis.Geophysics,2009,74(1) .1～7
[13] 陆文凯,骆毅,赵波等.基于独立变量分析的多次波自适应相减技术.地球物理学报,2004,47(5) :886～891 Lu W K,Luo Y,Zhao B,et al.Adaptive multiple wave subtraction using independent component analysis.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2004,47(5) :886～891
[14] 李鹏,刘伊克,常旭等.均衡拟多道匹配滤波法在波动方程压制多次波中的应用.地球物理学报,2007,50(6) :1844～1853 Li P,Liu Y K,Chang X,et al.Application of the equipoise pseudomultichannel matching filter in multiple elimination using wave-equation method.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(6) :1844～1853
[15] Wang Y.Multiple subtraction using an expanded multichannel matching filter.Geophysics,2003,68(1) :346～354
[16] Kaplan S T,Innanen K A.Adaptive separation of freesurface multiples through independent component analysis. Geophysics,2008,73(3) :29～36
[17] Guitton A,Verschuur D J.Adaptive subtraction of multiples using L1-norrn.Geophysical Prospecting,2004,52(1) :27～38
[18] Spitz S.Pattern recognition,spatial predictability,and subtraction of multiple events.The Leading Edge,1999,18(1) .55～58
[19] Berkhout A J.Seismic Migration,Imaging of Acoustic Energy by Wave Field Extrapolation,PART B:Practical Aspects.Amsterdam:Elsevier Science Publishers,1984
[20] 曾锐,刘洪,秦月霜等.基于自动增益控制调制法的高频重建技术.地球物理学进展,2007,22(3) :850～859 Zeng R,Liu H,Qin Y S,et al.High frequency reconstruction technique based on auto gain control modulation.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(3) :850～859
[21] 刘贺,刘洪,刘红伟等.基于反假频基函数的井震匹配快 速算法.地球物理学进展,2009,24(4) :1431～1436 Liu H,Liu H,Liu H W,et al.Fast algorithm of wellseismic matching based on anti-alias base functions.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2009,24(4) :1431～1436
[22] 石颖,刘洪.最小加权范数插值与调制升频结合的地震数据重建研究.地震学报,2010,32(3) :340～350 Shi Y,Liu H.Seismic data reconstruction by combiningminimum weighted norm interpolation and band extension via modulation.Acta Seismologica Sinica(in Chinese),2010,32(3) :340～350
[23] 王彦飞.反演问题的计算方法及其应用.北京:高等教育出版社,2007 Wang Y F.Computational Method for Inverse Problems and Their Applications(in Chinese).Beijing:Higher Education Press,2007
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