裂缝预测技术在清溪场地区的应用
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摘要
通过对川东北清溪场地区的钻井资料及试气情况进行研究,发现飞仙关组裂缝型含气储层横向上呈不均匀分布。QX1井及XQX1井钻遇高压裂缝气藏,而QX2井、QX3井却落空了,所以有必要对该区的裂缝分布进行研究。对此,首先利用QX2井测井资料进行岩石物理正演模型研究,得到了飞仙关组裂缝型含气储层具有AVO响应;其次基于地下介质在地震波传播中表现的各向异性理论,利用叠前地震资料,对地震资料进行方位属性和不同入射角的叠前道集研究,从叠前地震属性随方位角和入射角的变化关系分析入手来表征和描述清溪场构造飞仙关组顶部裂缝储层的分布特征;再次,利用叠后相干体属性切片对该区的裂缝型储层进行分析,并采用地质经验分析方法——构造应力场数值模拟来对该区裂缝系统进行验证。结果表明,飞仙关组顶部储层裂缝发育,各向异性特征检测对该区的裂缝预测效果很好,在平面上FVO梯度低值异常也与各向异性检测较一致。而相干体属性切片和构造应力场数值模拟效果则较差。预测结果和研究区内已有的钻井在飞仙关组顶部钻遇的裂缝型储层进行对比研究,各向异性检测结果和井上的资料对应较好,钻井部位预测的裂缝走向与测井资料解释的裂缝走向相吻合。
Through the study on drilling data and gas test case in Qingxichang Area in northeastern Sichuan,it is found that the fractured gas reservoir is distributed unevenly in Feixianguan Formation.High-pressure fractured gas reservoir is drilled in Well QX1 and Well XQX1,but Well QX2 and Well QX3 are in vain.Therefore,it is necessary to study the distribution of fractures in the area.Firstly,the logging data of Well QX2 are used for rock physical forward model study and it is found that the fractured gas reservoir exhibits AVO response.Secondly,based on the anisotropic theory of subsurface media in seismic wave propagation,pre-stack seismic data are used to study the azimuthal attribute and pre-stack gathers of different angles of incidence of seismic data.Starting with the analysis of the variation of pre-stack seismic attribute with the azimuth and the angle of incidence,the distribution characteristics of fractured reservoir at top of Feixianguan Formation in Qingxichang structure are characterized and described.Thirdly,post-stack coherence attribute slice is used to analyze the fractured reservoir in the area,and numerical simulation for tectonic stress field is applied to verify the fracture system in the area.The results show that fractures developed in top reservoir of Feixianguan Formation,detection of anisotropic characteristics has good effect on fracture prediction in the area,and abnormal low FVO gradient on plane is consistent with anisotropic detection.But the results of numerical simulation of coherence attribute slice and tectonic stress field are relatively poor.Comparative study is conducted on the fractured reservoir drilled at top of Feixianguan Formation,and it is shown that anisotropic detection results correspond well to the data of drilled wells in the area,the fracture strike predicted at the drilling site is identical with that interpreted based on log data.
Through the study on drilling data and gas test case in Qingxichang Area in northeastern Sichuan,it is found that the fractured gas reservoir is distributed unevenly in Feixianguan Formation.High-pressure fractured gas reservoir is drilled in Well QX1 and Well XQX1,but Well QX2 and Well QX3 are in vain.Therefore,it is necessary to study the distribution of fractures in the area.Firstly,the logging data of Well QX2 are used for rock physical forward model study and it is found that the fractured gas reservoir exhibits AVO response.Secondly,based on the anisotropic theory of subsurface media in seismic wave propagation,pre-stack seismic data are used to study the azimuthal attribute and pre-stack gathers of different angles of incidence of seismic data.Starting with the analysis of the variation of pre-stack seismic attribute with the azimuth and the angle of incidence,the distribution characteristics of fractured reservoir at top of Feixianguan Formation in Qingxichang structure are characterized and described.Thirdly,post-stack coherence attribute slice is used to analyze the fractured reservoir in the area,and numerical simulation for tectonic stress field is applied to verify the fracture system in the area.The results show that fractures developed in top reservoir of Feixianguan Formation,detection of anisotropic characteristics has good effect on fracture prediction in the area,and abnormal low FVO gradient on plane is consistent with anisotropic detection.But the results of numerical simulation of coherence attribute slice and tectonic stress field are relatively poor.Comparative study is conducted on the fractured reservoir drilled at top of Feixianguan Formation,and it is shown that anisotropic detection results correspond well to the data of drilled wells in the area,the fracture strike predicted at the drilling site is identical with that interpreted based on log data.
引文
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[13]高云峰,李绪宣,陈桂华.裂缝储层地震预测技术在锦州25-1南潜山的应用研究[J].中国海上油气,2008,20(1):22～27.
[14]毕研斌,龙胜祥,郭彤楼,等.地震方位各向异性技术在TNB地区嘉二段储层裂缝检测中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2009,44(2):190～195.
[2]廖勇,石元会,黄强.川东北清溪场构造飞三段气藏录井特征及解释评价[J].江汉石油职工大学学报,2009,22(2):67～69.
[3]谢冰,文龙,李梅.川东北部飞仙关组裂缝发育状况分析[J].天然气勘探与开发,2007,30(1):38～44.
[4]马永生,郭旭升,凡睿.川东北普光气田飞仙关组鲕滩储集层预测[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(4):60～64.
[5]马永生,傅强,郭彤楼,等.川东北地区普光气田长兴—飞仙关气藏成藏模式与成藏过程[J].石油实验地质,2005,27(5):455～460.
[6]张文军,黄仁春,程胜辉,等.川东北地区毛坝场构造飞仙关组三段裂缝型储层预测[J].石油天然气学报(江汉石油学院学报),2008,30(3):228～231.
[7]冯凯,陈祖庆,查朝阳.基于叠前地震资料预测碳酸盐岩复合岩性油气藏——以川东飞仙关组气藏储层为例[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2006,25(5):96～99.
[8]覃天,刘立峰.多属性相干分析在预测储层裂缝发育带中的应用[J].石油天然气学报(江汉石油学院学报),2008,30(6):254～257.
[9]余得平,曹辉,等.相干数据体及其在三维地震解释中的应用[J].石油物探,1998,37(4):75～79.
[10]王涛,朱祥,谭代英.毛坝构造飞仙关组裂缝储层综合预测方法[J].石油物探,2009,48(4):383～389.
[11]Li X Y,Kühnel T,MacBeth C.Mixed mode AVO response in fractured media.Expanded Abstracts of 66th Annual Internat SEG Mtg,1996:1822～1825.
[12]李玲,冯许魁.用地震相干数据体进行断层自动解释[J].石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(增刊1):105～111.
[13]高云峰,李绪宣,陈桂华.裂缝储层地震预测技术在锦州25-1南潜山的应用研究[J].中国海上油气,2008,20(1):22～27.
[14]毕研斌,龙胜祥,郭彤楼,等.地震方位各向异性技术在TNB地区嘉二段储层裂缝检测中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2009,44(2):190～195.
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