塔里木盆地巴楚隆起区地温演化对成油窗的影响
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摘要
地温演化在油气成藏过程中起到重要的作用,较快的地温演化速率会加快有机质成熟,降低生油窗的深度,相反则会减缓有机质成熟,增加生油窗的深度.本文利用塔里木盆地巴楚隆起区地震解释剖面及钻探资料,分别对构造断层作用、地下流体、膏盐岩层等三种不同因素地质作用下的地温演化过程进行热模拟,分析了上述因素对地温演化和成油窗的影响.结果表明,断层作用、地下流体层、膏盐岩层在油气成藏地温演化过程中都起到不可忽视的作用.断层对附近地层的增温作用,最高可使地层温度增加12℃,随着与断层距离的增加,增温作用逐渐减小,趋于消失;地下流体层对位于其下部的地层有一定的增温作用,幅度较小;膏盐岩层对其上部地层也有一定的增温作用,且增温幅度与膏盐岩层厚度有关,在约600～700 m厚的膏盐岩层顶部,地层温度可增加10℃.
Geothermal evolution in hydrocarbon accumulation process has played an important role.The rapid rate of geothermal evolution will accelerate organic matter mature,reduce the depth of the oil window,instead,will slow maturation of organic matter,then increase the depth of the oil window.Based on current seismic profile and drilling data interpretation at Bachu uplift in Tarim basin,thermal simulations for geothermal evolution process under three different geological factors,such as tectonic faults,underground fluid,gypsum layers are carried out.And we analyses the influence for the geothermal evolution and the oil window.Results show that,tectonic faults, underground fluid and gypsum layers are all playing a very important role in geothermal evolution process of hydrocarbon formation.Fault can make the nearby Strata's geothermal increase.And it also,can make temperature increase nearly 12℃.Along with the distance with fault increasing,warming effect decrease,tend to disappear. Underground liquid layer can make temperature increase at the bottom of the strata,the scale of the temperature rising is small.The gypsum layers can also make temperature increase at the upper layer,and the increasing amplitude related to the thickness of gypsum layer.When the salt rock layer thickness of about 600～700m,the top of the formation temperature can be relatively increased by 10℃.
Geothermal evolution in hydrocarbon accumulation process has played an important role.The rapid rate of geothermal evolution will accelerate organic matter mature,reduce the depth of the oil window,instead,will slow maturation of organic matter,then increase the depth of the oil window.Based on current seismic profile and drilling data interpretation at Bachu uplift in Tarim basin,thermal simulations for geothermal evolution process under three different geological factors,such as tectonic faults,underground fluid,gypsum layers are carried out.And we analyses the influence for the geothermal evolution and the oil window.Results show that,tectonic faults, underground fluid and gypsum layers are all playing a very important role in geothermal evolution process of hydrocarbon formation.Fault can make the nearby Strata's geothermal increase.And it also,can make temperature increase nearly 12℃.Along with the distance with fault increasing,warming effect decrease,tend to disappear. Underground liquid layer can make temperature increase at the bottom of the strata,the scale of the temperature rising is small.The gypsum layers can also make temperature increase at the upper layer,and the increasing amplitude related to the thickness of gypsum layer.When the salt rock layer thickness of about 600～700m,the top of the formation temperature can be relatively increased by 10℃.
引文
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