渤海新构造运动及其对晚期油气成藏的影响
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摘要
自中新世晚期(大约5.2 Ma B.P.)以来,渤海海域盆地进入裂后构造活动最活跃的新构造运动时期,致使渤海海域沉降沉积中心迁移、玄武岩喷发、地震频繁活动、深大断裂继承性活动和大量晚期断裂的生成。该期构造运动海域强度明显高于相邻陆域,呈现出幕式活动的特征。在新构造运动的影响和控制作用下,渤海海域含油气盆地形成了一批大型浅层背斜圈闭,油气输导体系得到优化,烃源岩晚期快速生烃,油气幕式充注成藏。本文以PL19-3油气藏为例,初步总结了渤海新构造运动控制油气晚期快速动态成藏的模式。
Since late miocene (about 5.2 Ma B.P.or so),the tectonic evolution of the Bohai Sea Basin had entered into the neotectonic period which was the most active period after rifting tectonic movement.The neotectonism of the Bohai sea had brought about migration of the sedimentation center,basalt breaking forth,frequent earthquakes,deep and huge faults inheriting activity,and a lot of shallow faults being created.There has been active and intermittent stages of tectonic movements in Bohai sea neotectonism,and the movement intensity of the sea area was stronger than that of the land area.Being influenced and controlled by the Bohai sea neotectonism,many tectonic anticline traps had been formed,the oil and gas transporting systems had been optimized,hydrocarbon had been generated fast from source rocks,and oil and gas reservoirs had been formed in episodic charging process during late cenozoic period. Illustrated by the example of PL19-3 oil and gas reservoir,authors summarized late and dynamic hydrocarbon accumulation models controlled by the Bohai Sea neotectonism.
Since late miocene (about 5.2 Ma B.P.or so),the tectonic evolution of the Bohai Sea Basin had entered into the neotectonic period which was the most active period after rifting tectonic movement.The neotectonism of the Bohai sea had brought about migration of the sedimentation center,basalt breaking forth,frequent earthquakes,deep and huge faults inheriting activity,and a lot of shallow faults being created.There has been active and intermittent stages of tectonic movements in Bohai sea neotectonism,and the movement intensity of the sea area was stronger than that of the land area.Being influenced and controlled by the Bohai sea neotectonism,many tectonic anticline traps had been formed,the oil and gas transporting systems had been optimized,hydrocarbon had been generated fast from source rocks,and oil and gas reservoirs had been formed in episodic charging process during late cenozoic period. Illustrated by the example of PL19-3 oil and gas reservoir,authors summarized late and dynamic hydrocarbon accumulation models controlled by the Bohai Sea neotectonism.
引文
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[7] 徐杰,张进,周本刚,等.渤海东南部NE向黄河口-庙西北新生断裂带的存在[J].地震地质,2007,29(4) :845～854． Xu J,Zhang J,Zhou B G,et al.The newly generated NE trending Yellow river estuary-northwest Miao fault zone in southeastern Bohai basin [J].Seismology and Geology (in Chinese),2007,29(4) :845～854．
[8] 漆家福,张一伟,陆克政,等.渤海湾新生代裂陷盆地的伸展模式及其动力学过程[J].石油实验地质,1995,17(4) :316～322． Qi J F,Zhang Y W,Lu K Z,et al.Extensional pattern and dynamic process of the venozoic rifting basin in the Bohai Bay[J].Experimental Petroleum Geology,1995,17(4) :316～322．
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[12] 万天丰.中国大地构造学纲要[M].北京:地质出版社,2004,198～213． Wan T F.An outline in tectonic of China[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2004,198～213．
[13] 龚再升,王国纯.渤海新构造运动控制晚期成藏[J].石油学报,2001,22(2) :1～7． Gong Z S,Wang G C.Neotectonism and late hydrocarbon accumulation in Bohai sea[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2001,22 (2) :1～7．
[14] 龚再升.中国近海含油气盆地新构造运动与油气成藏[J].中国地质大学学报～地球科学,200 4,29(5) :513～517． Gong Z S.Neotectonics and Petroleum Accumulation in Offshore Chinese Basins[J].Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences,2004,29(5) :513～517．
[15] 龚再升.中国近海新生代盆地至今仍然是油气成藏的活跃期[J].石油学报,2005,26(6) :1～6． Gong Z S.Cenozoic China offshore basins keeping active hydrocarbon accumulation to present [J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2005,26(6) :1～6．
[16] 卓勤功,蒋有录,解玉宝.论济阳坳陷新构造运动的成藏效应[J].西北地质,2006,39(4) :66～73． Zhou Q G,Jiang Y L,Xie Y B.Oil pool forming effects of neotectonic movement in Jiyang Depression [J].Northwestern Geology,2006,39 (4) :66～73．
[17] 张岳桥.晚新生代青藏高原构造挤出及其对中国东部裂陷盆地晚期油气成藏的影响[J].石油与天然气地质,2004,25(2) :162～168． Zhang Y Q.Late Cenozoic squeezing out tectonism in Qinghai Tibet Plateau and its impacts on late hydrocarbon accumulation in rift basins in eastern China[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2004,25(2) :162～168．
[18] 龚再升,王国纯,贺清.上第三系是渤中坳陷及其周围油气勘探的主要领域[J].中国海上油气地质,2000,14(3) :145～156． Gong Z S,Wang G C,He Q.The neogene:a main realm of hydrocarbon exploration in Bozhong sag and its surrounding areas[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas (Geology),2000,14 (3) :145～156．
[19] 高祥林.新生代渤海中部强烈沉降的物理条件和深部过程[J].地球物理学进展,2004,20(4) :889～896． Gao X L.Physical conditions and deep processes of intensive subsidence in the middle Bohai Sea during Cenozoic time[J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2004,20(4) :889～896．
[20] 滕吉文,张中杰,张秉铭,等.渤海地球物理场与深部潜在地幔热柱的异常构造背景[J].地球物理学报,1997,40(4) :468～479． Teng J W,Zhang Z J,Zhang B M,et al.Geophysical fields and background of exceptional structure for deep latent mantle plume in Bohai sea[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 1997,40(4) :468～479．
[21] 徐杰,马宗晋,陈国光,等.根据周围山地第四纪地貌特征估计渤海第四纪构造活动幕的发生时间[J].第四纪研究,2005,25(6) :700～710． Xu J,Ma Z J,Chen G G,et al.Estimating times of quaternary tectonic episodes in the Bohai Sea based on geomorphic features of surrounding mountainous areas [J].Quaternary Sciences,2005,25(6) :700～710．
[22] 郝芳,蔡东升,邹华耀,等.渤中坳陷超压-构造活动联控型流体流动与油气快速成藏[J].地球科学-中国地质大学学报,2004,29(5) :519～523． Hao F,Cai D S,Zou H Y,et al.Overpressure-Tectonic Activity Controlled Fluid Flow and Rapid Petroleum Accumulation in Bozhong Depression,Bohai Bay Basin[J].Earth Science Journal of China University of Geosciences,2004,29(5) :519～523．
[23] 龚再升.渤海海域将成为我国东部石油稳产的重要基地[J].石油科技论坛,2000(4) ,17～25． Gong Z S.Bohai Sea area will be an important base to stabilize petroleum output in Eastern China[J].Oil Forum (in Chinese),2000(4) ,17～25．
[24] 周斌,张英凯,李继训.渤海及邻区地震地质、地球物理场和地震活动特征[J].西北地震学报,2000,22(3) :333～337． Zhou B,Zhang Y K,Li J X.The characteristics of seismic geology,geophysical field and its earthquake activities in the Bohai and its neighbouring regions.Northwest Seismological Journal (in Chinese),2000,22(3) :333～337
[25] 张成.渤中地区典型构造油气运移输导通道及其成藏模式[D].武汉:中国地质大学,2006． Zhang C.Hydrocarbon Migration Pathways and Petroleum Accumulation Models of Typical Tectonic Units in Bozhong Area[D].China University of Geosciences (Wuhan),2006．
[26] 陈斌,邓运华,郝芳,等.黄河口凹陷BZ34断裂带油气晚期快速成藏模式[J].石油学报,2006,27(1) :37～41． Chen B,Deng Y H,Hao F,et al.Late-stage rapid petroleum accumulation model of BZ34 fault zone in Huanghekou Sag [J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2006,27(1) :37～41． Sibson R H,et al.Seismic pumping-a hydrothermal fluid transport mechanism [J].Jour Geol Sci,1975,31(6) :653～656．
[28] 华保钦.构造应力场、地震泵和油气运移[J].沉积学报,1995,13(2) :77～85． Hua B Q.Stress field,seismic pumping and oil-gas migration [J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1995,13(2) :77～85．
[29] Cox S F.Faulting progresses at high fluid pressures:An example of fault valve behavior from the Wattle Gully Fault,Victoria,Australia [J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1995,100 B(7) :12841～12859．
[30] Steven L,Lorraine E,Martin S,et al.Vertical and lateral fluid flow related to a large growth fault,South Eugene Island Block 330 field,Offshore Louisiana [J].AAPG Bulletin,1999,83(2) :244～276．
[2] 李祥根.中国新构造运动概论[M].北京:地震出版社,2003,56～66． Li X G.The Generality of China Neotectonic Movement[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,2003,56～66．
[3] 刘光勋.新构造学研究趋势的展望[J].地学前缘,1995,2(1～2) ,203～211． Liu G X.The trend in research of Neotectonics[J].Earth Science Frontiers,1995,2(1～2) ,203～211．
[4] 陆克政,漆家福,戴俊生,等.渤海湾新生代含油气盆地构造模式[M].北京:地质出版社,1997,87～133． Lu K Z,Qi J F,Dai J S,et al.The structural model of cenozoic oil bearing basins in Bohai Bay [M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1997,87～133．
[5] 郝天珧,杨长春,刘洪,等.环渤海地区前新生代油气资源的综合地质、地球物理研究[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(4) :1269～1 279． Hao T Y,Yang C C,Liu H,et al.Ntegrated geological and geophysical study for pre-cenozoic hydrocarbon resources in the circum-bohai area [J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2007,22(4) :1269～1279．
[6] 周斌,邓志辉,晁洪太,等.营潍断裂带走滑构造特征、演化及动力学机制[J].西北地震学报,2008,30(2) :117～123． Zhou B,Deng Z H,Chao H,et al.The strike slip tectonic characteristics evolution and dynamic mechanism of Yingwei fault zone [J].Northwest Seismological Journal (in Chinese),2008,30(2) :117～123．
[7] 徐杰,张进,周本刚,等.渤海东南部NE向黄河口-庙西北新生断裂带的存在[J].地震地质,2007,29(4) :845～854． Xu J,Zhang J,Zhou B G,et al.The newly generated NE trending Yellow river estuary-northwest Miao fault zone in southeastern Bohai basin [J].Seismology and Geology (in Chinese),2007,29(4) :845～854．
[8] 漆家福,张一伟,陆克政,等.渤海湾新生代裂陷盆地的伸展模式及其动力学过程[J].石油实验地质,1995,17(4) :316～322． Qi J F,Zhang Y W,Lu K Z,et al.Extensional pattern and dynamic process of the venozoic rifting basin in the Bohai Bay[J].Experimental Petroleum Geology,1995,17(4) :316～322．
[9] 刘以宣,钟建强,詹文欢.南海及邻域新构造运动基本特征[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1994,14(4) :1～13． Liu Y X,Zhong J Q,Zhan W H.Basic characteristics of Neotectonism in South China Sea and its adjacent regions[J].Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology,1994,14(4) :1～13．
[10] 叶定衡,王新政,赵玉敏.中国新构造运动基本特征[J].中国地质科学院地质力学研究所所刊,1995,16:78～81． Ye D H,Wang X Z,Zhao Y M.Neotectonics in China[J].Bulletin of the Institute of Geomechanics CAGS (in Chinese),1995,16:78～81．
[11] 郭占谦,师继红.新构造运动活跃的柴达木盆地含油气系统特征[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2001,20(1) :9～12．Guo Z J,Shi J H.Characteristic of the hydrocarbon system in Chaidam Basin with an active new structural movement[J].Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing,2001,20(1) :9～12．
[12] 万天丰.中国大地构造学纲要[M].北京:地质出版社,2004,198～213． Wan T F.An outline in tectonic of China[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2004,198～213．
[13] 龚再升,王国纯.渤海新构造运动控制晚期成藏[J].石油学报,2001,22(2) :1～7． Gong Z S,Wang G C.Neotectonism and late hydrocarbon accumulation in Bohai sea[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2001,22 (2) :1～7．
[14] 龚再升.中国近海含油气盆地新构造运动与油气成藏[J].中国地质大学学报～地球科学,200 4,29(5) :513～517． Gong Z S.Neotectonics and Petroleum Accumulation in Offshore Chinese Basins[J].Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences,2004,29(5) :513～517．
[15] 龚再升.中国近海新生代盆地至今仍然是油气成藏的活跃期[J].石油学报,2005,26(6) :1～6． Gong Z S.Cenozoic China offshore basins keeping active hydrocarbon accumulation to present [J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2005,26(6) :1～6．
[16] 卓勤功,蒋有录,解玉宝.论济阳坳陷新构造运动的成藏效应[J].西北地质,2006,39(4) :66～73． Zhou Q G,Jiang Y L,Xie Y B.Oil pool forming effects of neotectonic movement in Jiyang Depression [J].Northwestern Geology,2006,39 (4) :66～73．
[17] 张岳桥.晚新生代青藏高原构造挤出及其对中国东部裂陷盆地晚期油气成藏的影响[J].石油与天然气地质,2004,25(2) :162～168． Zhang Y Q.Late Cenozoic squeezing out tectonism in Qinghai Tibet Plateau and its impacts on late hydrocarbon accumulation in rift basins in eastern China[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2004,25(2) :162～168．
[18] 龚再升,王国纯,贺清.上第三系是渤中坳陷及其周围油气勘探的主要领域[J].中国海上油气地质,2000,14(3) :145～156． Gong Z S,Wang G C,He Q.The neogene:a main realm of hydrocarbon exploration in Bozhong sag and its surrounding areas[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas (Geology),2000,14 (3) :145～156．
[19] 高祥林.新生代渤海中部强烈沉降的物理条件和深部过程[J].地球物理学进展,2004,20(4) :889～896． Gao X L.Physical conditions and deep processes of intensive subsidence in the middle Bohai Sea during Cenozoic time[J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2004,20(4) :889～896．
[20] 滕吉文,张中杰,张秉铭,等.渤海地球物理场与深部潜在地幔热柱的异常构造背景[J].地球物理学报,1997,40(4) :468～479． Teng J W,Zhang Z J,Zhang B M,et al.Geophysical fields and background of exceptional structure for deep latent mantle plume in Bohai sea[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 1997,40(4) :468～479．
[21] 徐杰,马宗晋,陈国光,等.根据周围山地第四纪地貌特征估计渤海第四纪构造活动幕的发生时间[J].第四纪研究,2005,25(6) :700～710． Xu J,Ma Z J,Chen G G,et al.Estimating times of quaternary tectonic episodes in the Bohai Sea based on geomorphic features of surrounding mountainous areas [J].Quaternary Sciences,2005,25(6) :700～710．
[22] 郝芳,蔡东升,邹华耀,等.渤中坳陷超压-构造活动联控型流体流动与油气快速成藏[J].地球科学-中国地质大学学报,2004,29(5) :519～523． Hao F,Cai D S,Zou H Y,et al.Overpressure-Tectonic Activity Controlled Fluid Flow and Rapid Petroleum Accumulation in Bozhong Depression,Bohai Bay Basin[J].Earth Science Journal of China University of Geosciences,2004,29(5) :519～523．
[23] 龚再升.渤海海域将成为我国东部石油稳产的重要基地[J].石油科技论坛,2000(4) ,17～25． Gong Z S.Bohai Sea area will be an important base to stabilize petroleum output in Eastern China[J].Oil Forum (in Chinese),2000(4) ,17～25．
[24] 周斌,张英凯,李继训.渤海及邻区地震地质、地球物理场和地震活动特征[J].西北地震学报,2000,22(3) :333～337． Zhou B,Zhang Y K,Li J X.The characteristics of seismic geology,geophysical field and its earthquake activities in the Bohai and its neighbouring regions.Northwest Seismological Journal (in Chinese),2000,22(3) :333～337
[25] 张成.渤中地区典型构造油气运移输导通道及其成藏模式[D].武汉:中国地质大学,2006． Zhang C.Hydrocarbon Migration Pathways and Petroleum Accumulation Models of Typical Tectonic Units in Bozhong Area[D].China University of Geosciences (Wuhan),2006．
[26] 陈斌,邓运华,郝芳,等.黄河口凹陷BZ34断裂带油气晚期快速成藏模式[J].石油学报,2006,27(1) :37～41． Chen B,Deng Y H,Hao F,et al.Late-stage rapid petroleum accumulation model of BZ34 fault zone in Huanghekou Sag [J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2006,27(1) :37～41． Sibson R H,et al.Seismic pumping-a hydrothermal fluid transport mechanism [J].Jour Geol Sci,1975,31(6) :653～656．
[28] 华保钦.构造应力场、地震泵和油气运移[J].沉积学报,1995,13(2) :77～85． Hua B Q.Stress field,seismic pumping and oil-gas migration [J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1995,13(2) :77～85．
[29] Cox S F.Faulting progresses at high fluid pressures:An example of fault valve behavior from the Wattle Gully Fault,Victoria,Australia [J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1995,100 B(7) :12841～12859．
[30] Steven L,Lorraine E,Martin S,et al.Vertical and lateral fluid flow related to a large growth fault,South Eugene Island Block 330 field,Offshore Louisiana [J].AAPG Bulletin,1999,83(2) :244～276．
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