测井资料岩石物理分析在苏西地区储层预测研究中的应用
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摘要
苏里格地区天然气资源量丰富,勘探前景广阔,是我国油气增储上产的重要区域.研究区位于苏里格气田的西侧,该区储层段砂岩与泥岩的纵波速度、密度和纵波阻抗等常规参数相互叠置,叠后波阻抗反演难以解决该区储层预测和流体识别问题.为此,利用测井资料,开展了以地震岩石物理参数分析、弹性阻抗分析、流体替换及AVO特征分析为基础的叠前储层预测可行性研究.研究结果表明:岩石的弹性参数能够很好地区分岩性,并优选出反映储层或含气性的敏感参数,如纵横波速度比、泊松比、拉梅系数和拉梅系数/剪切模量对含气性具有良好的识别能力;不同角度的弹性阻抗既可以识别岩性,也可以区分气层和非气层;利用AVO属性可以预测盒8砂岩是否含气,但不能预测其是否具有工业价值.上述研究为该区开展地震叠前储层预测和流体识别研究提供了依据,使得该区的储层预测更具针对性.
There are rich natural gas resources in SLG which is an important area for oil and gas reserve increase of China.The reservoir gas-bearing sandstone is close to wet sand and shale in density,P-wave velocity and impedance. So,it is difficult to discriminate gas-bearing sandstone from shale using general reservoir prediction methods.Based on well logging data,combined with rock physics analysis,elastic impedance analysis and AVO analysis,the studies on reservoir prediction and fluid identification in the Sulige Gasfield are carried out.The results show that the elastic parameters can be used to distinguish sandstone from shale and determine the gas-bearing sensitive parameter.Elastic impedance of different angles can be used not only to discriminate sandstone from shale,but also to distinguish gasbearing formation from non-gas-bearing formation.AVO attributes can be used to determine whether He8 formation is gas-bearing sandstone,but can not be used to predict whether it is commercial gas.These studies provide foundation for reservoir prediction and fluid identification in the study area.
There are rich natural gas resources in SLG which is an important area for oil and gas reserve increase of China.The reservoir gas-bearing sandstone is close to wet sand and shale in density,P-wave velocity and impedance. So,it is difficult to discriminate gas-bearing sandstone from shale using general reservoir prediction methods.Based on well logging data,combined with rock physics analysis,elastic impedance analysis and AVO analysis,the studies on reservoir prediction and fluid identification in the Sulige Gasfield are carried out.The results show that the elastic parameters can be used to distinguish sandstone from shale and determine the gas-bearing sensitive parameter.Elastic impedance of different angles can be used not only to discriminate sandstone from shale,but also to distinguish gasbearing formation from non-gas-bearing formation.AVO attributes can be used to determine whether He8 formation is gas-bearing sandstone,but can not be used to predict whether it is commercial gas.These studies provide foundation for reservoir prediction and fluid identification in the study area.
引文
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[7] 宋海滨,MatsubayashiOsamu,杨胜雄,等.含天然气水合物沉积物的岩石物性模型与似海底反射层的AVA特征.地球物理学报,2002,45(4) :546～556． Song H B, MatsubayashiOsamu, Yang S X, et al. Physical property models of gas hydrate-bearing sediment sand AVA character of bottom simulating reflector. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2002, 45(4) : 546～556．
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[10] 王元君,冉建斌,肖伟.基于测井资料岩石物理模拟的储层识别法[J].石油地球物理勘探.2006,41(6) :644～650． Wang Y J, Ran J B, Xiao W. Identification of reservoir by log data-based petrophysical simulation. Oil Geophysical Prospecting, 2006, 41(6) : 644～650．
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[12] 王卫红,姜在兴,潘仁芳.AVO交会分析及其应用[J].西安石油学院学报,2003,18(2) :5～8． Wang W H, Jiang Z X, Pan R F. AVO Crossplot Analysis and Its Application. Journal of Xi an Petroleum Institute,2003, 18(2) : 5～8．
[13] 黄云峰,杨占龙,郭精义,等.地震属性分析及其在岩性油气藏勘探中的应用[J].天然气地球科学,2006,17(5) :739～742． Huang Y F, Yang Z L, Guo J Y, et al. Seismic attribute analysis and application in subtle traps exploration. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2006, 17(5) : 739～742．
[14] 张盟勃,史松群,潘玉.叠前反演技术在苏里格地区的应用[J].岩性油气藏,2007,19(4) :91～94． Zhang M B, Shi S Q, Pan Y. Application of prestack inversion in Sulige area. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2007, 19 (4) : 91～94．
[15] 王大兴,于波,张盟勃,等.地震叠前分析技术在子洲气田的研究与应用[J].岩性油气藏,2008,20(1) :95～100． Wang D X, Yu B, Zhang M B, et al. Study and application of seismic prestack analysis technique in Zizhou Gas Field. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2008, 20(1) : 95～100．
[16] 马中高,管路平,贺振华,等.利用模型正演优选地震属性进行储层预测[J].石油学报,2003,24(6) :35～39． Ma Z G, Guan L P, He Z H, et al. Reservoir characterization using seismic attributes optimized with rock physics modeling. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2003, 24 (6) : 35～39．
[17] Connolly P. Elastic impedance[J]. The Leading Edge, 1999, 18(4) :438～452．
[18] Gassmann F. Elastic waves through a packing of spheres[J]. Geophysics, 1951, 16:673～685．
[19] Castagna J P, Swan H W, Foster D J. Framework for AVO gradient and intercept interpretation[J]. Geophysics, 1998, 63:948～956．
[2] 高建虎,王西文.雍学善,等.叠前地震描述技术在SLG地区储层预测中的应用.地球物理学进展,2009,24(6) :2175～ 2180． Gao J H, Wang X W, Yong X S, et al. Application of prestack seismic descriptive technology to reservoir prediction in the area SLG. Progress in Geophys. 2009, 24(6) :2175～2180．
[3] 刘锐娥,孙粉锦,拜文华,马成华,黄月明.苏里格庙盒8气层次生孔隙成因及孔隙演化模式探讨[J].石油勘探与开发, 2002,29(4) :47～49． Liu R E, Sun F J, Bai W H, et al. An approach to the generating mechanism of secondary pores and pore evolution model of He8 gas layer in Suligemiao gas field. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2002, 29 (4) : 47～49．
[4] 黄中玉.基于岩石物理模型和谱分解的储层描述技术[J].勘探地球物理进展,2006,29(1) :62～71． Huang Z Y. Reservoir characterization techniques based on rock physics and spectral decomposition. Progress in Exploration Geophysics, 2006, 29 (1) : 62～71．
[5] 黄伟传,杨长春,范桃园,等.岩石物理分析技术在储层预测中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(6) :1791～1795． Huang W C, Yang C C, Fan T Y, et al. The application of petrophysical analysis in the reservoir prediction. Progress in Geophysics, 2007, 22 (6) : 1791～1795．
[6] 李维新,史謌,王红,等.岩石物理弹性参数规律研究.地球物理学进展,2007,22(5) :1380～1385． Li W X, Shi G, Wang H, et al. The study on the relationships of elastic properties of rock physics. Progress in Geophysics, 2007, 22(5) : 1380～1385．
[7] 宋海滨,MatsubayashiOsamu,杨胜雄,等.含天然气水合物沉积物的岩石物性模型与似海底反射层的AVA特征.地球物理学报,2002,45(4) :546～556． Song H B, MatsubayashiOsamu, Yang S X, et al. Physical property models of gas hydrate-bearing sediment sand AVA character of bottom simulating reflector. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2002, 45(4) : 546～556．
[8] 马中高,解吉高.岩石的纵、横波速度与密度的规律研究.地球物理学进展,2005,20(4) :905～910． Ma Z G, Xie J G. Relationship among compressional wave, shear wave velocities and density of rocks. Progress in Geophysics, 2005, 20 (4) : 905～910．
[9] 马中高,周巍,孙成龙.地震岩石物理分析软件系统设计和实现[J].物探与化探,2006,30(3) :260～265． Ma Z G, Zhou W, Sun C L. The design and implementation of the software package for rack physics analysis [ J ]. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2006,30 (3) : 260～265．
[10] 王元君,冉建斌,肖伟.基于测井资料岩石物理模拟的储层识别法[J].石油地球物理勘探.2006,41(6) :644～650． Wang Y J, Ran J B, Xiao W. Identification of reservoir by log data-based petrophysical simulation. Oil Geophysical Prospecting, 2006, 41(6) : 644～650．
[11] 徐伯勋,白旭滨,于常青.地震勘探信息技术提取、分析和预测[M].北京:地质出版社,2001． Xu B X, Bai X B, Yu C Q. Extraction, analysis and prediction of seismic exploration information [ M]. Beijing: geological press, 2001．
[12] 王卫红,姜在兴,潘仁芳.AVO交会分析及其应用[J].西安石油学院学报,2003,18(2) :5～8． Wang W H, Jiang Z X, Pan R F. AVO Crossplot Analysis and Its Application. Journal of Xi an Petroleum Institute,2003, 18(2) : 5～8．
[13] 黄云峰,杨占龙,郭精义,等.地震属性分析及其在岩性油气藏勘探中的应用[J].天然气地球科学,2006,17(5) :739～742． Huang Y F, Yang Z L, Guo J Y, et al. Seismic attribute analysis and application in subtle traps exploration. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2006, 17(5) : 739～742．
[14] 张盟勃,史松群,潘玉.叠前反演技术在苏里格地区的应用[J].岩性油气藏,2007,19(4) :91～94． Zhang M B, Shi S Q, Pan Y. Application of prestack inversion in Sulige area. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2007, 19 (4) : 91～94．
[15] 王大兴,于波,张盟勃,等.地震叠前分析技术在子洲气田的研究与应用[J].岩性油气藏,2008,20(1) :95～100． Wang D X, Yu B, Zhang M B, et al. Study and application of seismic prestack analysis technique in Zizhou Gas Field. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2008, 20(1) : 95～100．
[16] 马中高,管路平,贺振华,等.利用模型正演优选地震属性进行储层预测[J].石油学报,2003,24(6) :35～39． Ma Z G, Guan L P, He Z H, et al. Reservoir characterization using seismic attributes optimized with rock physics modeling. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2003, 24 (6) : 35～39．
[17] Connolly P. Elastic impedance[J]. The Leading Edge, 1999, 18(4) :438～452．
[18] Gassmann F. Elastic waves through a packing of spheres[J]. Geophysics, 1951, 16:673～685．
[19] Castagna J P, Swan H W, Foster D J. Framework for AVO gradient and intercept interpretation[J]. Geophysics, 1998, 63:948～956．
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