川东北地区雷口坡组储层特征及其形成条件
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摘要
四川盆地川东北地区中三叠统雷口坡组整体沉积环境以蒸发台地相为主,沉积了以大套膏岩和白云岩为主的蒸发岩。雷口坡组可细分为雷四、雷三、雷二和雷一段。雷四段地震响应表现为"弱波峰、较低频、较连续反射结构"的曲线特征。储层总体为Ⅲ类储层,以低渗为主,个别储层段表现为Ⅱ类储层。储集空间类型主要有溶洞、溶扩缝、构造缝,为一套岩溶储层。研究认为,雷口坡组雷四段储层发育与分布受沉积相和风化壳共同控制;研究区发育的台地蒸发相、泻湖相形成的云岩,在雷口坡组末期岀露地表遭遇剥蚀形成风化壳,并受大气淡水沿不整合面及裂缝的淋滤、溶蚀作用形成一套优质储层。
The overall sedimentary environment of the Mid-Triassic Leikoupo Formation in the Northeastern Sichuan Basin is dominated by evaporite platforms where a set of thick and wide-spreading evaporites predominantly of gypsums and dolomites were deposited.The Leikoupo Formation can be subdivided into four members.The seismic responses of the fourth member feature in weak amplitude,low frequency and relatively continuous reflection configuration.Most reservoir rocks within the fourth member are type-III of low permeability,some of them show characters of type-II.Their pore spaces are dominated by caverns,dissolution-widened fractures and structural fissures.The development and distribution of the reservoir rocks in the member were controlled by both sedimentary facies and weathered crust.Dolomites of platform evaporate facies and lagoon facies in the study area were exposed and eroded into weathered crust during the last period of the Leikoupo Formation deposition.In addition,the dolomites also experienced leaching and corrosion of meteoric water along unconformities and fractures,resulting in a set of high-quality reservoir rocks.
The overall sedimentary environment of the Mid-Triassic Leikoupo Formation in the Northeastern Sichuan Basin is dominated by evaporite platforms where a set of thick and wide-spreading evaporites predominantly of gypsums and dolomites were deposited.The Leikoupo Formation can be subdivided into four members.The seismic responses of the fourth member feature in weak amplitude,low frequency and relatively continuous reflection configuration.Most reservoir rocks within the fourth member are type-III of low permeability,some of them show characters of type-II.Their pore spaces are dominated by caverns,dissolution-widened fractures and structural fissures.The development and distribution of the reservoir rocks in the member were controlled by both sedimentary facies and weathered crust.Dolomites of platform evaporate facies and lagoon facies in the study area were exposed and eroded into weathered crust during the last period of the Leikoupo Formation deposition.In addition,the dolomites also experienced leaching and corrosion of meteoric water along unconformities and fractures,resulting in a set of high-quality reservoir rocks.
引文
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[6]范菊芬.川西坳陷雷口坡组气藏勘探远景区预测[J].石油物探,2009,48(4):417-422.Fan Jufen.Prediction of exploration potential area of Leikoupoformation in Western Sichuan Depression[J].GeophysicalProspecting for Petroleum,2009,48(4):417-422.
[7]王兴志,穆曙光,方少仙,等.四川盆地西南部震旦系白云岩成岩过程中的孔隙演化[J].沉积学报,2000,18(4):549-553.Wang Xingzhi,Mu Shuguang,Fang Shaoxian,et al.Evolution ofporosity in the process of Sinian dolostone diagenesis in South-west Sichuan[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2000,18(4):549-553.
[8]郭旭升.川西地区中、晚三叠世岩相古地理演化及勘探意义[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(5):610-619,631.Guo Xusheng.Litho paleogeographic evolution in the Middle-Late Triassic in western Sichuan Province and its significancefor petroleum exploration[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2010,31(5):610-619,631.
[9]齐中山,王汝珍,敬朋贵,等.川东北地区膏盐岩影响下的储层成像技术与效果分析[J].石油物探,2011,50(6):607-611.Qi Zhongshan,Wang Ruzhen,Jing Penggui,et al.The imagingtechniques of reservoirs influenced by saline deposit in theNortheastern Sichuan Basin[J].Geophysical Prospecting forPetroleum,2011,50(6):607-611.
[10]王兴志,穆曙光,方少仙,等.四川资阳地区灯影组滩相沉积及储集性研究[J].沉积学报,1996,14(1):47-54.Wang Xingzhi,Mu Shuguang,Fang Shaoxian,et al.The bankfacies deposits and the reservoir characterisitics in DengyingFormation,Ziyang,Sichuan[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1996,14(1):47-54.
[11]曾德铭,王兴志,张帆,等.四川盆地西北部中三叠统雷口坡组储层研究[J].古地理学报,2007,9(3):253-257.Zeng Deming,Wang Xingzhi,Zhang Fan,et al.Study on reser-voir of the Leikoupo Formation of Middle Triassic in northwes-tern Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Paleogeographic Sinica,2007,9(3):253-257.
[12]郭彤楼.川东北地区碳酸盐岩层系孔隙型与裂缝型气藏成藏差异性[J].石油与天然气地质,2011,31(3):311-317,326.Guo Tonglou.Differences in reservoir forming between porousand fractured gas pools in carbonates,the northeastern SichuanBasin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2011,31(3):311-317,326.
[13]赵安坤,周文,赵冠军,等.四川盆地北部下三叠统飞仙关组储层控制因素[J].石油地质与工程,2011,25(4):19-24.Zhao Ankun,Zhou Wen,Zhao Guanjun,et al.Controlling fac-tors of the Lower Trissic Feixianguan Formation in the North Si-chuan Basin[J].Petroleum Geology and Engineering,2011,25(4):19-24.
[14]何治亮,魏修成,钱一雄,等.海相碳酸盐岩优质储层形成机理与分布预测[J].石油与天然气地质,2011,32(4):489-498.He Zhiliang,Wei Xiucheng,Qian Yixiong,et al.Forming me-chanism and distribution prediction of quality marine carbonatereservoirs[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2011,32(4):489-498.
[15]魏水建,冯琼,冯寅,等.川东北通南巴地区三叠系膏盐岩盖层预测[J].石油实验地质,2011,33(1):81-86.Wei Shuijian,Feng Qiong,Feng Yin,et al.Prediction of Trias-sic gypsum cap rocks in Tongnanba region of Northeast SichuanBasin[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2011,33(1):81-86.
[16]吴世祥,李宏涛,龙胜祥,等.川西雷口坡组碳酸盐岩储层特征及成岩作用[J].石油与天然气地质,2011,32(4):542-550,559.Wu Shixiang,Li Hongtao,Long Shengxiang,et al.A study oncharacteristics and diagenesis of carbonate reservoirs in theMiddle Triassic Leikoupo Formation in western Sichuan Depres-sion[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2011,32(4):542-550,559.
[17]魏国齐,刘德来,张林,等.四川盆地天然气分布规律与有利勘探领域[J].天然气地球科学,2005,16(4):437-442.Wei Guoqi,Liu Delai,Zhang Lin,et al.The exploration regionand natural gas accmulation in Sichuan Basin[J].Natural GasGeoscience,2005,16(4):437-442.
[18]秦建中,王杰,邱楠生,等.反演南方海相层系热史动态演化的新温标——磷灰石、锆石(U-Th)/He年龄和封闭温度[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(3):277-287.Qin Jianzhong,Wang Jie,Qiu Nansheng,et al.New paleo-geo-thermometers for the inversion of dynamic thermal evolution his-tory of marine sequences in South China—(U-Th)/He ageand closure temperature of apatite and zircon[J].Oil&GasGeology,2010,31(3):277-287.
[19]魏国齐,杨威,朱永刚,等.川西地区中二叠统栖霞组沉积体系[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(4):442-448.Wei Guoqi,Yang Wei,Zhu Yonggang,et al.Depositional sys-tem of the Middle Permian Qixia Formation in the western Si-chuan Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2010,31(4):442-448.
[20]雷雪,李忠,翟中华,等.川中地区中三叠统雷口坡组构造特征及解释方法探讨[J].石油物探,2005,44(2):137-141.Lei Xue,Li Zhong,Zhai Zhonghua,et al.Structure styles analy-sis of Leikoupo formation in Mid-Triassic in central Sichuan Ba-sin[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petrolem,2005,44(2):137-141.
[2]郭彤楼.川东北地区飞仙关组鲕滩储层成岩作用——以宣汉-达县及元坝区块为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(5):620-631.Guo Tonglou.Diagenesis of the Feixianguan oolitic shoal reser-voirs in the northeastern Sichuan Basin—examples from Xuan-han-Daxian and Yuanba areas[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2010,31(5):620-631.
[3]陈勇.川东北元坝地区长兴组生物礁储层预测研究[J].石油物探,2011,50(2):173-180.Chen Yong.Prediction on reef reservoir in Changxing group ofYuanba area,Northeast Sichuan Basin[J].Geophysical Pros-pecting for Petroleum,2011,50(2):173-180.
[4]胡文瑄,陈琪,王小林,等.白云岩储层形成演化过程中不同流体作用的稀土元素判别模式[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(6):810-818.Hu Wenxuan,Chen Qi,Wang Xiaolin,et al.REE models for thediscrimination of fluids in the formation and evolution of dolo-mite reservoirs[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2010,31(6):810-818.
[5]王强,徐立恒,陈践发.川东北地区大中型气藏天然气特征及气源[J].石油与天然气地质,2011,32(6):867-872.Wang Qiang,Xu Liheng,Chen Jianfa.Characteristics and originof natural gas in large-and medium-sized gas reservoirs innortheast Sichuan Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2011,32(5):867-872.
[6]范菊芬.川西坳陷雷口坡组气藏勘探远景区预测[J].石油物探,2009,48(4):417-422.Fan Jufen.Prediction of exploration potential area of Leikoupoformation in Western Sichuan Depression[J].GeophysicalProspecting for Petroleum,2009,48(4):417-422.
[7]王兴志,穆曙光,方少仙,等.四川盆地西南部震旦系白云岩成岩过程中的孔隙演化[J].沉积学报,2000,18(4):549-553.Wang Xingzhi,Mu Shuguang,Fang Shaoxian,et al.Evolution ofporosity in the process of Sinian dolostone diagenesis in South-west Sichuan[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2000,18(4):549-553.
[8]郭旭升.川西地区中、晚三叠世岩相古地理演化及勘探意义[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(5):610-619,631.Guo Xusheng.Litho paleogeographic evolution in the Middle-Late Triassic in western Sichuan Province and its significancefor petroleum exploration[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2010,31(5):610-619,631.
[9]齐中山,王汝珍,敬朋贵,等.川东北地区膏盐岩影响下的储层成像技术与效果分析[J].石油物探,2011,50(6):607-611.Qi Zhongshan,Wang Ruzhen,Jing Penggui,et al.The imagingtechniques of reservoirs influenced by saline deposit in theNortheastern Sichuan Basin[J].Geophysical Prospecting forPetroleum,2011,50(6):607-611.
[10]王兴志,穆曙光,方少仙,等.四川资阳地区灯影组滩相沉积及储集性研究[J].沉积学报,1996,14(1):47-54.Wang Xingzhi,Mu Shuguang,Fang Shaoxian,et al.The bankfacies deposits and the reservoir characterisitics in DengyingFormation,Ziyang,Sichuan[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1996,14(1):47-54.
[11]曾德铭,王兴志,张帆,等.四川盆地西北部中三叠统雷口坡组储层研究[J].古地理学报,2007,9(3):253-257.Zeng Deming,Wang Xingzhi,Zhang Fan,et al.Study on reser-voir of the Leikoupo Formation of Middle Triassic in northwes-tern Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Paleogeographic Sinica,2007,9(3):253-257.
[12]郭彤楼.川东北地区碳酸盐岩层系孔隙型与裂缝型气藏成藏差异性[J].石油与天然气地质,2011,31(3):311-317,326.Guo Tonglou.Differences in reservoir forming between porousand fractured gas pools in carbonates,the northeastern SichuanBasin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2011,31(3):311-317,326.
[13]赵安坤,周文,赵冠军,等.四川盆地北部下三叠统飞仙关组储层控制因素[J].石油地质与工程,2011,25(4):19-24.Zhao Ankun,Zhou Wen,Zhao Guanjun,et al.Controlling fac-tors of the Lower Trissic Feixianguan Formation in the North Si-chuan Basin[J].Petroleum Geology and Engineering,2011,25(4):19-24.
[14]何治亮,魏修成,钱一雄,等.海相碳酸盐岩优质储层形成机理与分布预测[J].石油与天然气地质,2011,32(4):489-498.He Zhiliang,Wei Xiucheng,Qian Yixiong,et al.Forming me-chanism and distribution prediction of quality marine carbonatereservoirs[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2011,32(4):489-498.
[15]魏水建,冯琼,冯寅,等.川东北通南巴地区三叠系膏盐岩盖层预测[J].石油实验地质,2011,33(1):81-86.Wei Shuijian,Feng Qiong,Feng Yin,et al.Prediction of Trias-sic gypsum cap rocks in Tongnanba region of Northeast SichuanBasin[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2011,33(1):81-86.
[16]吴世祥,李宏涛,龙胜祥,等.川西雷口坡组碳酸盐岩储层特征及成岩作用[J].石油与天然气地质,2011,32(4):542-550,559.Wu Shixiang,Li Hongtao,Long Shengxiang,et al.A study oncharacteristics and diagenesis of carbonate reservoirs in theMiddle Triassic Leikoupo Formation in western Sichuan Depres-sion[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2011,32(4):542-550,559.
[17]魏国齐,刘德来,张林,等.四川盆地天然气分布规律与有利勘探领域[J].天然气地球科学,2005,16(4):437-442.Wei Guoqi,Liu Delai,Zhang Lin,et al.The exploration regionand natural gas accmulation in Sichuan Basin[J].Natural GasGeoscience,2005,16(4):437-442.
[18]秦建中,王杰,邱楠生,等.反演南方海相层系热史动态演化的新温标——磷灰石、锆石(U-Th)/He年龄和封闭温度[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(3):277-287.Qin Jianzhong,Wang Jie,Qiu Nansheng,et al.New paleo-geo-thermometers for the inversion of dynamic thermal evolution his-tory of marine sequences in South China—(U-Th)/He ageand closure temperature of apatite and zircon[J].Oil&GasGeology,2010,31(3):277-287.
[19]魏国齐,杨威,朱永刚,等.川西地区中二叠统栖霞组沉积体系[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(4):442-448.Wei Guoqi,Yang Wei,Zhu Yonggang,et al.Depositional sys-tem of the Middle Permian Qixia Formation in the western Si-chuan Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2010,31(4):442-448.
[20]雷雪,李忠,翟中华,等.川中地区中三叠统雷口坡组构造特征及解释方法探讨[J].石油物探,2005,44(2):137-141.Lei Xue,Li Zhong,Zhai Zhonghua,et al.Structure styles analy-sis of Leikoupo formation in Mid-Triassic in central Sichuan Ba-sin[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petrolem,2005,44(2):137-141.
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