断层和裂缝尺度识别的地球物理方法探讨
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摘要
由于地球物理方法本身受分辨率和保真度的限制,其在断层和裂缝识别上的应用也就有精度和尺度上的差异。为此,可采用不同的方法技术来识别不同尺度的断层和裂缝,即在断层识别上,利用地震剖面和水平切片解释大断层,采用相干分析方法识别小断层;在裂缝识别上,主要采用多方位AVO方法识别大尺度裂缝的发育特征,采用成像测井来识别微小裂缝的特征情况。实际应用表明,上述方法在相应尺度断层和裂缝上的识别效果较好。
Geophysical technique itself exists restriction of resolution and fidelity, so it has different precision levels and scales in the application of fault and fracture identification.Therefore, we use different techniques to identify the fault and fracture at different scales: for the identification of faults, the large faults are interpreted by the seismic cross section and seiscrop section, while coherence analysis and other new technique is used for the small faults; on the identification of fracture, multi-azimuth AVO is mainly used to identify the developmental characteristics of large fracture, and imaging logging is used to identify that of small fracture.Practical application shows that these methods in the corresponding scale fault and fracture identification have good effect.
Geophysical technique itself exists restriction of resolution and fidelity, so it has different precision levels and scales in the application of fault and fracture identification.Therefore, we use different techniques to identify the fault and fracture at different scales: for the identification of faults, the large faults are interpreted by the seismic cross section and seiscrop section, while coherence analysis and other new technique is used for the small faults; on the identification of fracture, multi-azimuth AVO is mainly used to identify the developmental characteristics of large fracture, and imaging logging is used to identify that of small fracture.Practical application shows that these methods in the corresponding scale fault and fracture identification have good effect.
引文
[1]陆基孟.地震勘探原理[M].东营:中国石油大学出版社,2006.
[2]刘传虎.地震相干技术在裂缝油气藏预测中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(2):238-244
[3]杨克明,张虹.地震三维三分量技术在致密砂岩裂缝预测中的应用[J].天然气勘探与开发,2008,29(5):683-689.
[4]秦绪英,肖立志,陈有明.声波全波测井的应用研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(1):82-86.
[5]陈科贵,谌海云,孙嘉戌.地层倾角测井原理与应用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2008.
[6]童亨茂.成像测井资料在构造裂缝预测和评价中的应用[J].天然气工业,2006,26(9):58-61.
[7]王连山,朱庆忠,董建海,等.三维多尺度边缘检测技术在古潜山裂缝性储层预测中的应用[J].特种油气藏,2006,13(3):15-18.
[8]曹立斌,李亚林,梁波,等.三维VSP资料在裂缝检测中的应用[J].石油物探,2008,47(1):67-71.
[9]刘朋波,蒲仁海,潘仁芳,等.多方位AVO技术在裂缝检测中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(4):437-442.
[10]Ruger A.Variation of P-wave reflectivity with offset and azi muthin anisotropic media[J].Geophysics,1998,63(3):935-947.
[2]刘传虎.地震相干技术在裂缝油气藏预测中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(2):238-244
[3]杨克明,张虹.地震三维三分量技术在致密砂岩裂缝预测中的应用[J].天然气勘探与开发,2008,29(5):683-689.
[4]秦绪英,肖立志,陈有明.声波全波测井的应用研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(1):82-86.
[5]陈科贵,谌海云,孙嘉戌.地层倾角测井原理与应用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2008.
[6]童亨茂.成像测井资料在构造裂缝预测和评价中的应用[J].天然气工业,2006,26(9):58-61.
[7]王连山,朱庆忠,董建海,等.三维多尺度边缘检测技术在古潜山裂缝性储层预测中的应用[J].特种油气藏,2006,13(3):15-18.
[8]曹立斌,李亚林,梁波,等.三维VSP资料在裂缝检测中的应用[J].石油物探,2008,47(1):67-71.
[9]刘朋波,蒲仁海,潘仁芳,等.多方位AVO技术在裂缝检测中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(4):437-442.
[10]Ruger A.Variation of P-wave reflectivity with offset and azi muthin anisotropic media[J].Geophysics,1998,63(3):935-947.
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