交互减去法压制多次波技术——以北部湾盆地福山凹陷为例
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摘要
北部湾盆地福山凹陷火成岩分布广泛,与浅表层围岩形成很强的纵波和横波波阻抗界面,对有效地震波的下传与上返形成了很强的屏蔽,致使来自深部的反射信息能量大幅衰减,严重影响了该区地震资料品质,因此火成岩多次波干扰是该地区地震资料处理所面临的首要难题。通过分析研究火成岩分布特征、火成岩与多次波之间的关系,在波动方程模型正演理论指导下,探索压制多次波干扰的处理技术与方法,提出了对近炮检距多次波压制、对远炮检距多次波不予压制的交互减去法压制多次波技术并将这一技术应用到实际地震资料处理中,取得了很好的应用效果,既对多次波给予了有效压制,又使一次波、断面波等有用信号得到保护并最终成像,同时地震资料的品质大大改善。图8参11
Volcanic rocks are widely developed in the Fushan Sag in Beibuwan Basin,and they create strong impedance interfaces with the shallow surrounding rocks,forming shields for seismic signals thus causing the attenuation of reflection energy at depth and affecting the quality of seismic data badly.So,multiples with volcanic are the prime problem of the seismic data processing in the area.By studying the developing features of the volcanics and the relationships between the volcanics and the multiples,and using the theories of the wave equations,we provide the technique of interactive subtraction multiple elimination.The feature of this technique is to eliminate the near offset multiples,and not to eliminate far offset multiples,which are eliminated by multiple stacking.The interactive subtraction multiple elimination technique has been used to process seismic data.Results show that it can eliminate multiples,protect useful signals and image,as well as improve the seismic data quality.
Volcanic rocks are widely developed in the Fushan Sag in Beibuwan Basin,and they create strong impedance interfaces with the shallow surrounding rocks,forming shields for seismic signals thus causing the attenuation of reflection energy at depth and affecting the quality of seismic data badly.So,multiples with volcanic are the prime problem of the seismic data processing in the area.By studying the developing features of the volcanics and the relationships between the volcanics and the multiples,and using the theories of the wave equations,we provide the technique of interactive subtraction multiple elimination.The feature of this technique is to eliminate the near offset multiples,and not to eliminate far offset multiples,which are eliminated by multiple stacking.The interactive subtraction multiple elimination technique has been used to process seismic data.Results show that it can eliminate multiples,protect useful signals and image,as well as improve the seismic data quality.
引文
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[11]王喜双,张颖.地震叠前时间偏移处理技术[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(4):416-419.Wang Xishuang,Zhang Ying.Seismic pre-stack time migrationtechniques[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2006,33(4):416-419.
[2]李美俊,卢鸿,王铁冠,等.北部湾盆地福山凹陷岩浆活动与CO2成藏的关系[J].天然气地球科学,2006,17(1):55-58.Li Meijun,Lu Hong,Wang Tieguan,et al.Relationship betweenmagma activity and CO2gas accumulation in Fushan depression,Beibuwan basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2006,17(1):55-58.
[3]裴正林,牟永光.火成岩区地震波传播规律研究[J].石油物探,2004,43(5):433-437.Pei Zhenglin,Mou Yongguang.Study of seismic wavepropagation regularity in igneous rock area[J].GeophysicalProspecting for Petroleum,2004,43(5):433-437.
[4]匡立春,薛新克,邹才能,等.火山岩岩性地层油藏成藏条件与富集规律——以准噶尔盆地克-百断裂带上盘石炭系为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(3):285-290.Kuang Lichun,Xue Xinke,Zou Caineng,et al.Oil accumulationand concentration regularity of volcanic lithostratigraphic oilreservoir:A case from upper-plate Carboniferous of KA-BAIfracture zone,Junggar Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration andDevelopment,2007,34(3):285-290.
[5]杨辉,宋吉杰,文百红,等.火山岩岩性宏观预测方法——以松辽盆地北部徐家围子断陷为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(2):150-155.Yang Hui,Song Jijie,Wen Baihong,et al.Macroscopicprediction of volcanic rock lithology:A case from XujiaweiziFaulted Depression,northern Songliao Basin[J].PetroleumExploration and Development,2007,34(2):150-155.
[6]徐楷亮.多次反射波对地震资料处理结果的影响及衰减方法[J].资源环境与工程,2007,21(2):178-180.Xu Kailiang.The influence of multiple reflection waves on seismicdata and its decay treatment[J].Resources Environment&Engineering,2007,21(2):178-180.
[7]刘景彦,梁运基,梁亚南,等.塔里木盆地火成岩发育区地震资料处理方法研究[J].石油天然气学报,2005,27(4):610-612.Liu Jingyan,Liang Yunji,Liang Ya’nan,et al.Method for seismicdata processing in igneous rock grown area of Tarim Basin[J].Journalof Jianghan Petroleum Institute,2005,27(4):610-612.
[8]李鹏,刘伊克,常旭,等.多次波问题的研究进展[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(3):888-897.Li Peng,Liu Yike,Chang Xu,et al.Progress on the multipleproblems[J].Progress in Geophysics,2006,21(3):888-897.
[9]张淑品,陈福利,金勇.塔河油田奥陶系缝洞型碳酸盐岩储集层三维地质建模[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(2):175-180.Zhang Shupin,Chen Fuli,Jin Yong.3D modeling of Ordovicianfractured-vug carbonate reservoir,Tahe Oilfield[J].PetroleumExploration and Development,2007,34(2):175-180.
[10]刘建红,孟小红,程玉坤.针对叠前反演的去噪技术[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(6):718-723.Liu Jianhong,Meng Xiaohong,Cheng Yukun.Pre-stackinversion oriented noise attenuation[J].Petroleum Explorationand Development,2007,34(6):718-723.
[11]王喜双,张颖.地震叠前时间偏移处理技术[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(4):416-419.Wang Xishuang,Zhang Ying.Seismic pre-stack time migrationtechniques[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2006,33(4):416-419.
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