页岩气储集层的地球物理特征及识别方法
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摘要
页岩气储集层具有高自然伽马、低声波速度、低密度、高电阻率等地球物理特性,这些特性都可以作为页岩气储集层识别的依据。但由于其有效孔隙度较低,成藏主要受控于裂缝发育程度,页岩气的地球物理勘探主要是通过检测页岩裂缝的发育程度及方向来确定页岩储集层的有利发育区带。讨论了利用因岩性各向异性而产生的地震波的各向异性、快慢横波分裂、曲率相干属性、频变AVO等几种裂缝检测识别页岩气储集层的方法,为页岩气的地球物理勘探提供了思路。
Shale gas is the focal point of the new energy strategy in China.China's shale gas exploration and development are just starting,and little research on such a reservoir's geophysical features and prospecting methods is available.The shale gas reservoir is normally of features of high gamma ray,low sonic velocity,low density and high resistivity,etc.,by which the reservoir can be identified.However,because of its low porosity,and gas accumulation is mainly controlled by the degree of fractures,the geophysical prospecting of shale gas is based on detecting the development level and direction of shale fractures to determine the favorable zones of shale reservoirs.This article presents the fracture-detecting and identifying methods,such as anisotropy,shear wave splitting,curvature and coherent attribute,frequency-dependent AVO,etc.,so that they can be as guidelines for geophysical prospecting of shale gas.
Shale gas is the focal point of the new energy strategy in China.China's shale gas exploration and development are just starting,and little research on such a reservoir's geophysical features and prospecting methods is available.The shale gas reservoir is normally of features of high gamma ray,low sonic velocity,low density and high resistivity,etc.,by which the reservoir can be identified.However,because of its low porosity,and gas accumulation is mainly controlled by the degree of fractures,the geophysical prospecting of shale gas is based on detecting the development level and direction of shale fractures to determine the favorable zones of shale reservoirs.This article presents the fracture-detecting and identifying methods,such as anisotropy,shear wave splitting,curvature and coherent attribute,frequency-dependent AVO,etc.,so that they can be as guidelines for geophysical prospecting of shale gas.
引文
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[2]安晓璇,黄文辉,刘思宇,等.页岩气资源分布、开发现状及展望[J].资源与产业,2010,12(2):103-109.
[3]王祥,刘玉华,张敏,等.页岩气形成条件及成藏影响因素研究[J].天然气地球科学,2010,21(2):350-356.
[4]聂海宽,张金川.页岩气藏分布地质规律与特征[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2010,41(2):700-708.
[5]张金川,金之钧,袁明生.页岩气成藏机理和分布[J].天然气工业,2004,24(7):15-18.
[6]王德新,江裕彬,吕从容.在泥页岩中寻找裂缝性油、气藏的一些看法[J].西部探矿工程,1996,8(2):12-14.
[7]Montgomery S L,Jarvie D M,Bowker K A,et al.Mississippi-an barnett shale,Fort Worth basin,north-central Texas:gas-shale play with multi-trillion cubic foot potentia[lJ].AAPGBulletin,2005,89(2):155-175.
[8]Curtis J B.Fractured shale-gas systems[J].AAPG Bulletin,2002,86(11):1 921-1 938.
[9]刘树根,曾祥亮,黄文明,等.四川盆地页岩气藏和连续型-非连续型气藏基本特征[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2009,36(6):578-592.
[10]LawBE,CurtisJB.Introductiontounconventionalpetroleumsystems[J].AAPG Bulletin,2002,86(11):1 851-1 852.
[11]陈佳梁,兰素清,王昌杰.裂缝性储层的预测方法及应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2004,27(1):35-40.
[12]曲寿得,季玉新,王鑫.泥岩裂缝油气藏地震检测方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2003.
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