雅克拉断凸张扭断裂构造特征与油气运聚关系
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摘要
通过对三维地震资料的解释可知,雅克拉断凸中的晚第三纪张扭性断裂系统具有东西分块、南北分带的基本特征,主要发育4种断裂构造样式:阶梯状断裂构造、掀斜断块构造、堑垒式构造和负花状构造。与张扭性断裂系统有关的圈闭构造样式主要有4种:断鼻与断背斜、掀斜断块、逆牵引背斜和地垒。张扭断裂系统主要活动期为晚第三纪吉迪克期和康村期,其形成的圈闭与生烃期有较好的匹配关系。雅克拉断凸张扭性断裂系统在白垩系和第三系油气聚集过程中,断裂的垂向运移通道作用表现得极为明显,但是断层的侧向封堵对油气的聚集成藏也起到了至关重要的作用。
Through interpretation of 3D seismic data,the extensional-shear fault system in the Neogene in Yakela fault block has two main features of blocks distributed along east-west and zones distributed along north-south,which develops four fault structural styles,including stepladder fault structure,tilted fault block structure,graben-horst block structure and negative flower shaped structure.There are four trap structural styles associated with extensional-shear fault system,namely fault nose and faulted anticline,tilted fault block,reverse drag anticline and horst.The traps formed by the extensional-shear faults,whose main active period are Suwiyi-Jidike epoch of neogene,well match the periods of hydrocarbon formation reservoirs.The hydrocarbon vertical migration along the extensional-shear fault appears clearly in the process of hydrocarbon accumulation in Cretaceous and Tertiary,but lateral sealing of the extensional-shear fault is vital in the process of pools of petroleum accumulation.
Through interpretation of 3D seismic data,the extensional-shear fault system in the Neogene in Yakela fault block has two main features of blocks distributed along east-west and zones distributed along north-south,which develops four fault structural styles,including stepladder fault structure,tilted fault block structure,graben-horst block structure and negative flower shaped structure.There are four trap structural styles associated with extensional-shear fault system,namely fault nose and faulted anticline,tilted fault block,reverse drag anticline and horst.The traps formed by the extensional-shear faults,whose main active period are Suwiyi-Jidike epoch of neogene,well match the periods of hydrocarbon formation reservoirs.The hydrocarbon vertical migration along the extensional-shear fault appears clearly in the process of hydrocarbon accumulation in Cretaceous and Tertiary,but lateral sealing of the extensional-shear fault is vital in the process of pools of petroleum accumulation.
引文
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[2]于慧玲.天山南地区构造样式和演化特征分析.石油物探,2008,47(3):277–284
[3]魏国齐,贾承造,施央申,等.塔北隆起北部中新生界张扭断裂系统特征.石油学报,2001,22(1):19–24
[4]任建业,张俊霞,阳怀忠,等.塔里木盆地中央隆起带断裂系统分析.岩石学报,2011,27(1):219–229
[5]何登发,周新源,张朝军,等.塔里木多旋回叠合盆地地质结构特征.中国石油勘探,2006,11(1):31–41
[6]Waschbush P J,Ryoden L H.Spatial and temporalevolution of fordeep basins:lateral strength variationsand inelastic yielding in continental lithosphere.BasinResearch,1992,4:179–196
[7]杨春林,吴奇之,夏义平.塔里木盆地北部隆起中、新生界张扭断裂系统成因及其油气聚集的作用.石油地球物理勘探,2000,35(4):461–468
[8]赵靖舟.油气成藏年代学研究现状及发展趋势.地球科学进展,2002,24(3):378–383
[9]仁臣,田春志,窦同君.油藏成藏年代学分析.地学前缘,2000,7(3):48–54
[10]关绍曾,关世桥.新疆库车盆地吉迪克组的地层时代和沉积环境.化工矿产地质,2002,24(1):1–6
[11]何光玉,赵庆,李树,等.库车盆地北部冲断带气源的构造地质学证据.北京大学学报:自然科学版,2005,41(4):570–576
[12]李谦,王飞宇,孔凡志,等.库车坳陷恰克马克组烃源岩特征.石油天然气学报,2007,29(6):38–42
[13]王斌,袁月琴,周江羽,等.塔里木盆地雅轮地区断层封堵性研究.石油实验地质,2006,28(5):434–439
[14]吕延防,付广,张云峰,等.断层封闭性研究.北京:石油工业出版社,2002:66–75
[15]吕延防,李国会,王跃文,等.断层封闭性的定量研究方法.石油学报,1996,17(3):39–45
[16]吕延防,马福建.断层封闭性影响因素及类型划分.吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2003,33(2):163–166
[17]杨克明,龚铭,段铁军,等.塔里木盆地断裂的输导和封闭性.石油与天然气地质,1996,17(2):123–127
[18]宋来明,贾达吉,徐强,等.断层封闭性研究进展.煤田地质与勘探,2006,34(5):13–16
[19]Smith D A.Theoretical considerations of sealing andnon-sealing faults.AAPG Bulletin,1966,50:363–374
[20]Allan U S.Model for hydrocarbon migration andentrapment within faulted structures.AAPG Bulletin,1989,73(7):803–811
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