天然气水合物勘查技术及环境效应研究进展
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摘要
天然气水合物是天然气和水在特定条件下形成的一种透明的冰状结晶体,是一种新型非常规能源,在我国具有广阔的勘探领域和良好的勘探前景。文中对天然气水合物勘探技术和环境效应进行了归纳总结,勘探技术包括地震方法、地球化学方法、地球物理测井方法和其它方法(直接钻孔法、地形地貌识别标志法),环境效应包括引发海底滑塌、加剧温室效应及破坏海洋生态平衡等,并对天然气水合物勘探及环境效应的研究现状作了综合评述。
Gas hydrate is a kind ofcrystalicysubstance formed bywater and natural gas in special condition.Gas hydrate is a newtype of unconventional energy,which has wide prospecting potential.The exploration technologies and environmental effects ofgas hydrates are summarized.The exploration technologies include seismic method,geochemical method,geophysical well logging method and other methods(direct drilling method,landform identification marks).The environmental effects include submarine slump,greenhouse effect intensity,destroying marine ecological balance,etc.The research progress in the exploration and environmental effects for Gas hydrates is comprehensivelyreviewed.
Gas hydrate is a kind ofcrystalicysubstance formed bywater and natural gas in special condition.Gas hydrate is a newtype of unconventional energy,which has wide prospecting potential.The exploration technologies and environmental effects ofgas hydrates are summarized.The exploration technologies include seismic method,geochemical method,geophysical well logging method and other methods(direct drilling method,landform identification marks).The environmental effects include submarine slump,greenhouse effect intensity,destroying marine ecological balance,etc.The research progress in the exploration and environmental effects for Gas hydrates is comprehensivelyreviewed.
引文
[1]于常青,杨午阳,杨文采,等.关于油气地震勘探的基础研究问题[J].岩性油气藏,2007,19(2):117-120.
[2]江怀友,乔卫杰,钟太贤,等.世界天然气水合物资源勘探开发现状与展望[J].中外能源,2008,13(6):19-25.
[3]史斗,孙成权,朱岳年.国外天然气水合物研究进展[C].兰州:兰州大学出版社,1992:1-9.
[4]吴必豪,张光学,祝有海,等.中国近海天然气水合物的研究进展[J].地学前缘,2003,10(1):177-188.
[5]陈多福,王茂春,夏斌,等.青藏高原冻土带天然气水合物的形成条件与分布预测[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(1):165-172.
[6]卢振权,祝有海,张永勤,等.青海省祁连山冻土区天然气水合物基本地质特征[J].矿床地质,2010,29(1):182-191.
[7]徐文世,于兴河,刘妮娜,等.天然气水合物开发前景和环境问题[J].天然气地球科学,2005,16(5):680-683.
[8]王虑远,徐振中,陈世悦,等.天然气水合物的识别标志及研究进展[J].海洋通报,2006,25(2):55-63.
[9]Hinz K,Fritsch J,Kempter E H K.Thrust tectonics along the northwestern continental margin of Sabah/Borneo[J].Geologische Rundschau,1989,78:705-730.
[10]金庆焕,张光学,杨木壮,等.天然气水合物资源概论[M].北京:科学出版社,2006:7-9.
[11]Collett T S.Energy resource potential of natural gas hydrates[J].AAPG Bulletin,2002,86(11):1971-1992.
[12]Paull C K,Matsumoto R.Leg 164 Overview[C]∥Paull C K Matsumoto R,Wallace P J,et al.Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program,Scientific Results.College Station,Texas,2000,164:3-12.
[13]辛广柱,刘赫,彭建亮,等.地质因素和资料因素对地震属性的影响[J].岩性油气藏,2007,19(1):105-108.
[14]Hesse R,Harrison W E.Gas hydrates(clathrates)causing pore-water freshening and oxygen isotope fractionation in deep-water sedimentary sections of terrigenous continental margins[J].Earth Planet SciLett,1981,11:453-562.
[15]Borowski W S,Paull K,Ussler W.Global and local variations of interstitial sulfate gradients in deep-water,continental margin sediments:Sensitivity to underlying methane and gas hydrates[J].Marine Geology,1999,159:131-154.
[16]刘小平,杨晓兰.海底天然气水合物地球化学方法勘探进展[J].天然气地球科学,2007,18(2):312-316.
[17]卢振权,吴必豪.海底水合物地球化学探测方法的试验研究[J].现代地质,2002,16(3):299-304.
[18]Kvenvolden K A,Kastner M.Gas hydrate of the Peruvian outer continental margin[J].Proceeding ODP Scientific Results,1990,112:517-526.
[19]卢振权,强祖基,吴必豪,等.利用卫星热红外遥感探测天然气水合物[J].地质学报,2002,76(1):100-106.
[20]Brooks J M,Field M E,Kennicutt M C.Observations of gas hydrates in marine sediments,offshore northern California[J].Marine Geology,1991,96:103-109.
[21]蒋少涌,凌洪飞,杨竞红,等.同位素新技术方法及其在天然气水合物研究中的应用[J].海洋地质动态,2001,17(7):24-29.
[22]张向林,刘新茹.裸眼井测井新技术进展[J].岩性油气藏,2008,20(2):91-96.
[23]王洪亮,王军,杨英波,等.测井技术在X气田油藏描述中的应用[J].岩性油气藏,2009,21(3):76-81.
[24]叶爱杰,孙敬杰,贾宁,等.天然气水合物及其勘探开发方法[J].特种油气藏,2005,12(1):1-6.
[25]祝有海,张永勤,文怀军,等.青海祁连山冻土区发现天然气水合物[J].地质学报,2009,83(11):1762-1771.
[26]杨廷槐,刘聚海.海底气体水合物资源远景及其勘查开发[J].国外地质科技,1998,(2):17-21.
[27]赵生才.“可燃冰”的稳定性及其环境效应[J].科学中国人,2001,(4):32-33.
[28]张俊霞,任建业.天然气水合物研究中的几个重要问题[J].地质科技情报,2001,20(1):44-48.
[29]Nisbet E G.The end of the ice age[J].Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences,1990,27:148-157.
[30]Kvenvolden K A.Gas Hydrate-geologic perspective and global change[J].Reviews of Geophysics,1993,31:173.
[31]Dickens G R,Castillo M M,Walker J C.A blast of gas in the latest Paleocene:simulating first order effects of massive dissociation of oceanic methane hydrate[J].Geology,1997,25(3):259-262.
[32]Bains S,Corfield R M,Norris R D.Mechanisms of climate warming at the end of the Paleocene[J].Science,1999,285(5428):724-727.
[33]Jahren A H,Arens N C,Sarm iento G.Terrestial record of methane hydrate dissociation in the early Cretaceous[J].Geology,2001,29(2):159-162.
[34]Padden M,Weissert H,de Rafelis M.Evidence for Late Jurassic release of methane from gas hydrate[J].Geology,2001,29(3):223-226.
[35]Hesselbo S P,Groecke D R,Jenkyns H C,et al.Massive dissociation of gas hydrate during a Jurassic oceanic anoxic event[J].Nature,2000,406:392-395.
[36]Kvenvolden K A.Methane hydrates and global climate[J].Global Biogeochemical Cycles,1988,2(3):221-229.
[37]Matsumoto R.Causes of the δ13C anomalies of carbonates and a new paradigm “gas hydrate hypothesis”[J].Journal of the Geological Society of Japan,1995,101:902-924.
[38]Dickens G,O Neil J R,Rea D K.Dissociation of oceanic methane hydrate as a cause of the carbon isotope excursion at the end of the Paleocene[J].Paleoceanography,1995,10:965-971.
[2]江怀友,乔卫杰,钟太贤,等.世界天然气水合物资源勘探开发现状与展望[J].中外能源,2008,13(6):19-25.
[3]史斗,孙成权,朱岳年.国外天然气水合物研究进展[C].兰州:兰州大学出版社,1992:1-9.
[4]吴必豪,张光学,祝有海,等.中国近海天然气水合物的研究进展[J].地学前缘,2003,10(1):177-188.
[5]陈多福,王茂春,夏斌,等.青藏高原冻土带天然气水合物的形成条件与分布预测[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(1):165-172.
[6]卢振权,祝有海,张永勤,等.青海省祁连山冻土区天然气水合物基本地质特征[J].矿床地质,2010,29(1):182-191.
[7]徐文世,于兴河,刘妮娜,等.天然气水合物开发前景和环境问题[J].天然气地球科学,2005,16(5):680-683.
[8]王虑远,徐振中,陈世悦,等.天然气水合物的识别标志及研究进展[J].海洋通报,2006,25(2):55-63.
[9]Hinz K,Fritsch J,Kempter E H K.Thrust tectonics along the northwestern continental margin of Sabah/Borneo[J].Geologische Rundschau,1989,78:705-730.
[10]金庆焕,张光学,杨木壮,等.天然气水合物资源概论[M].北京:科学出版社,2006:7-9.
[11]Collett T S.Energy resource potential of natural gas hydrates[J].AAPG Bulletin,2002,86(11):1971-1992.
[12]Paull C K,Matsumoto R.Leg 164 Overview[C]∥Paull C K Matsumoto R,Wallace P J,et al.Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program,Scientific Results.College Station,Texas,2000,164:3-12.
[13]辛广柱,刘赫,彭建亮,等.地质因素和资料因素对地震属性的影响[J].岩性油气藏,2007,19(1):105-108.
[14]Hesse R,Harrison W E.Gas hydrates(clathrates)causing pore-water freshening and oxygen isotope fractionation in deep-water sedimentary sections of terrigenous continental margins[J].Earth Planet SciLett,1981,11:453-562.
[15]Borowski W S,Paull K,Ussler W.Global and local variations of interstitial sulfate gradients in deep-water,continental margin sediments:Sensitivity to underlying methane and gas hydrates[J].Marine Geology,1999,159:131-154.
[16]刘小平,杨晓兰.海底天然气水合物地球化学方法勘探进展[J].天然气地球科学,2007,18(2):312-316.
[17]卢振权,吴必豪.海底水合物地球化学探测方法的试验研究[J].现代地质,2002,16(3):299-304.
[18]Kvenvolden K A,Kastner M.Gas hydrate of the Peruvian outer continental margin[J].Proceeding ODP Scientific Results,1990,112:517-526.
[19]卢振权,强祖基,吴必豪,等.利用卫星热红外遥感探测天然气水合物[J].地质学报,2002,76(1):100-106.
[20]Brooks J M,Field M E,Kennicutt M C.Observations of gas hydrates in marine sediments,offshore northern California[J].Marine Geology,1991,96:103-109.
[21]蒋少涌,凌洪飞,杨竞红,等.同位素新技术方法及其在天然气水合物研究中的应用[J].海洋地质动态,2001,17(7):24-29.
[22]张向林,刘新茹.裸眼井测井新技术进展[J].岩性油气藏,2008,20(2):91-96.
[23]王洪亮,王军,杨英波,等.测井技术在X气田油藏描述中的应用[J].岩性油气藏,2009,21(3):76-81.
[24]叶爱杰,孙敬杰,贾宁,等.天然气水合物及其勘探开发方法[J].特种油气藏,2005,12(1):1-6.
[25]祝有海,张永勤,文怀军,等.青海祁连山冻土区发现天然气水合物[J].地质学报,2009,83(11):1762-1771.
[26]杨廷槐,刘聚海.海底气体水合物资源远景及其勘查开发[J].国外地质科技,1998,(2):17-21.
[27]赵生才.“可燃冰”的稳定性及其环境效应[J].科学中国人,2001,(4):32-33.
[28]张俊霞,任建业.天然气水合物研究中的几个重要问题[J].地质科技情报,2001,20(1):44-48.
[29]Nisbet E G.The end of the ice age[J].Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences,1990,27:148-157.
[30]Kvenvolden K A.Gas Hydrate-geologic perspective and global change[J].Reviews of Geophysics,1993,31:173.
[31]Dickens G R,Castillo M M,Walker J C.A blast of gas in the latest Paleocene:simulating first order effects of massive dissociation of oceanic methane hydrate[J].Geology,1997,25(3):259-262.
[32]Bains S,Corfield R M,Norris R D.Mechanisms of climate warming at the end of the Paleocene[J].Science,1999,285(5428):724-727.
[33]Jahren A H,Arens N C,Sarm iento G.Terrestial record of methane hydrate dissociation in the early Cretaceous[J].Geology,2001,29(2):159-162.
[34]Padden M,Weissert H,de Rafelis M.Evidence for Late Jurassic release of methane from gas hydrate[J].Geology,2001,29(3):223-226.
[35]Hesselbo S P,Groecke D R,Jenkyns H C,et al.Massive dissociation of gas hydrate during a Jurassic oceanic anoxic event[J].Nature,2000,406:392-395.
[36]Kvenvolden K A.Methane hydrates and global climate[J].Global Biogeochemical Cycles,1988,2(3):221-229.
[37]Matsumoto R.Causes of the δ13C anomalies of carbonates and a new paradigm “gas hydrate hypothesis”[J].Journal of the Geological Society of Japan,1995,101:902-924.
[38]Dickens G,O Neil J R,Rea D K.Dissociation of oceanic methane hydrate as a cause of the carbon isotope excursion at the end of the Paleocene[J].Paleoceanography,1995,10:965-971.
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