塔里木盆地西南坳陷柯东构造建模与油气勘探
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摘要
通过充分利用野外地质调查资料、深入分析关键层位的地震反射特征以及合理利用造山带构造变形理论,建立起西昆仑山前冲断带东段柯东构造的构造解释模型。柯东构造总体上具有"后缘基底卷入,前缘盖层滑脱"的特征,发育基底卷入的冲断构造、断层转折褶皱、三角带构造以及被动顶板构造等构造样式。柯东构造的开始发育时间为上新世末,西域砾岩沉积之后基本定型。主干剖面构造平衡恢复研究表明:柯东构造第四纪构造缩短率为36.7%,缩短速率为7.52 mm/a。2009年7月中国石油塔里木油田分公司根据该构造模型所成的构造图钻探柯东1井;2010年4月该井获高产工业油气流,是塔西南山前带柯克亚凝析气田发现33年之后取得的又一重大突破。
Through making full use of the data obtained from field geologic investigation,deeply analyzing reflecting characteristics of the bottom of Paleogene,and logically selecting tectonic theories of orogeny,structural model of Kedong structural belt is set up.The Kedong structure is characterized by "hinder basement-involved structure and front caprock detachment structure", and includes the following structural styles:basement-invlolved thrust structure,fault-bend fold, triangle zone structure and passive roof recoiled fault.Regional geological data and growth strata show that Kedong structure developed in Late Pliocene and finalized after Early Pleistocene. The results are obtained from structure-stratigraphy balance restoration of the inline geological section that structural shorten ratio of Kedong structure in Quaternary is 36.7% and structural shorten rate is about 7.52 mm/a.Tarim oilfield company drilled Kedong 1 on June 14,2009 based on the structural model and high commercial hydrocarbon flow is obtained on April 4, 2010,which is significant to the exploration in the southwestern Tarim Basin.
Through making full use of the data obtained from field geologic investigation,deeply analyzing reflecting characteristics of the bottom of Paleogene,and logically selecting tectonic theories of orogeny,structural model of Kedong structural belt is set up.The Kedong structure is characterized by "hinder basement-involved structure and front caprock detachment structure", and includes the following structural styles:basement-invlolved thrust structure,fault-bend fold, triangle zone structure and passive roof recoiled fault.Regional geological data and growth strata show that Kedong structure developed in Late Pliocene and finalized after Early Pleistocene. The results are obtained from structure-stratigraphy balance restoration of the inline geological section that structural shorten ratio of Kedong structure in Quaternary is 36.7% and structural shorten rate is about 7.52 mm/a.Tarim oilfield company drilled Kedong 1 on June 14,2009 based on the structural model and high commercial hydrocarbon flow is obtained on April 4, 2010,which is significant to the exploration in the southwestern Tarim Basin.
引文
陈汉林,罗俊成,郭群英,廖林,肖中尧,程晓敢,杨树锋,王步清2009． 塔里木盆地东南缘中新生代变形史与构造演化.大地构造与成矿学,33(1) :38-45． Chen Hanlin,Luo Juncheng,Guo Qunying,Liao Lin,Xiao Zhongyao,Cheng Xiaogan,Yang Shufeng and Wang Buqing.2009． Deformation history and tectonic evolution of southeastern Tarim Basin in Mesozoic and Cenozoic.Geotectonica et Metallogenia ,33( 1) :38-45．
陈杰,尹金辉,曲国胜,张克旗2000． 塔里木盆地西缘西域组的底界、时代、成因与变形过程的初步研究.地震地质,22(增刊):104-116．Chen Jie,Yin Jinhui,Qu Guosheng and Zhang Keqi.2000． Timing,lower boundary,genesis,and deformation of Xiyu Formation around the western margins of Tarim Basin.Seismology and Geology,22( suppl.) :104-106．
陈杰,卢演俦,丁国瑜2001． 塔里木盆地西缘晚新生代造山过程的记录--磨拉石建造及生长地层和生长不整合. 第四纪研究,21(6) :528-539． Chen Jie,Lu Yanchou and Ding Guoyu.2001． Records of Late Cenozoic mountain building in western Tarim Basin:Molasses,growth strata and growth unconformity.Quaternary Sciences ,21 ( 6) :528-539．
何登发,Suppe J,贾承造.2005． 断层相关褶皱理论与应用研究新进展.地学前缘,12(4) :353-364． He Dengfa,Suppe J and Jia Chengzao.2005． New advances in theory and application of fault-related folding.Earth Science Frontiers,12(4) :353-364．
胡建中,谭应佳,张平,张艳秋.2008塔里木盆地西南缘山前带逆冲推覆构造特征地学前缘,15(2) :222-231．Hu Jianzhong,Tan Yingjia,Zhang Ping and Zhang Yanqiu.2008． Structural features of Cenozoic thrust-fault belts in the piedomont of southwestern Tarim Basin.Earth Science Frontiers,15 (2) :222-231．
金文正,汤良杰,杨克明,万桂梅,吕志洲.2008． 龙门山冲断带构造特征研究主要进展及存在问题探讨.地质论评,54(1) :37-46．Jin Wenzheng,Tang Liangjie,Yang Keming,Wan Guimei and Lü Zhizhou.2008． Progress and problem of study on characters of the Longmen Mountain thrust belt.Geological Review ,54( 1) :37-46．
李本亮,魏国齐,贾承造.2009． 中国前陆盆地构造地质特征综述与油气勘探.地学前缘,16(4) :190-202． Li Benliang,Wei Guoqi and Jia Chengzao.2009． Some key tectonics characteristics of Chinese foreland basins and their petroleum exploration.Earth Science Frontiers,16(4) :190-202．
李向东,王克卓.2002． 西昆仑山北缘盆山构造转换解析.新疆地质,20(增刊):19-25． Li Xiangdong and Wang Kezhuo.2002． On tectonic transformation of mountains and basins at northern margins of west Kunlun Mountains.Xinjiang Geology,20( suppl.) :19-25．
卢华复,贾承造,贾东,陈楚铭,刘志宏,王国强,王胜利.2001． 库车再生前陆盆地冲断构造楔特征.高校地质学报,7(3) :257-271． Lu Huafu,Jia Chengzao,Jia Dong,Chen Chuming,Liu Zhihong,Wang Guoqiang and Wang Shengli.2001． Features of the thrust wedge of deformation belt in Kuqa rejuvenation foreland basin.Geological Journal of China Universities ,7 ( 3) :257-271．
罗仁杰,梁黎明,吴希光,周翼,陈猛.2009． 宽线大组合理论及其在黄土塬地震采集中的应用.天然气工业,29(3) :54-56． Luo Renjie,Liang Liming,Wu Xiguang,Zhou Yi and Chen Meng.2009． The theory of wide array and its application in loess plateau seismic survey.Natural Gas Industry,29 (3) :54-56．
曲国胜,李亦纲,李岩峰,Canerot J,陈新发,尹军平,陈新安,张宁,Deramond J.2005塔里木盆地西南前陆构造分段及其成因.中国科学(D辑),35(3) :193-202． Qu Guosheng,Li Yigang,Li Yanfeng,Canerot J,Chen Xinfa,Yin Junping,Chen Xin'an,Zhang Ning and Deramond J.2005． Segmentations of foreland belts and their tectonic mechanism in the southwest Tarim Basin.Science in China ( Series D),48(10) :1585-1598．
尚新璐,陈新卫,吴超,罗金海.2004． 塔里木盆地西部喀什地区的新生代冲断构造地质科学,39(4) :543-550． Shang Xinlu,Chen Xinwei,Wu Chao and Luo Jinhai.2004． Cenozoic thrust structures in the Kashi area,western Tarim Basin.Chinese Journal of Geology,39(4) :543-550．
王步清,王清华,韩利军,韩杰,王利刚.2007． 塔里木盆地东南部车尔臣断裂的分段特征及动力学机制.石油与天然气地质,28(6) :67-73．Wang Buqing,Wang Qinghua,Han Lijun,Han Jie and Wang Ligang.2007． Segmentation characteristics and dynamic mechanism of the Che'erchen fault in the southeast Tarim Basin.Oil & Gas Geology,28(6) :67-73．
伍秀芳,刘胜,汪新,杨树锋,顾雪梅.2004． 帕米尔-西昆仑北麓新生代前陆褶皱冲断带构造剖面分析.地质科学,39(2) :260-271 Wu Xiufang,Liu Sheng,Wang Xin,Yang Shufeng and Gu Xuemei.2004． Analysis on structural sections in the Cenozoic pamirwestern Kunlun foreland fold-and-thrust belt.Chinese Journal of Geology,39 (2) :260-271．
郑洪波.2002． 从新疆叶城剖面砂岩和砾岩组分看西昆仑山的剥蚀历史.地质力学学报,8(4) :297-305．Zheng Hongbo.2002． Unroofing history of the west Kunlun viewed from the petrography of sandstone and conglomerate from Yecheng section,Xinjiang.Journal of Geomechanics ,8(4):297-305．
周新源,苗继军.2009． 塔里木盆地西北缘前陆冲断带构造分段特征及勘探方向.大地构造与成矿学,33(1) :10-18．Zhou Xinyuan and Miao Jijun.2009． The tectonic segmentation and hydrocarbon exploration of the foreland thrust belt in the northwestern Tarim Basin.Geotectonica et Metallogenia,33(1) :10-18．
陈杰,尹金辉,曲国胜,张克旗2000． 塔里木盆地西缘西域组的底界、时代、成因与变形过程的初步研究.地震地质,22(增刊):104-116．Chen Jie,Yin Jinhui,Qu Guosheng and Zhang Keqi.2000． Timing,lower boundary,genesis,and deformation of Xiyu Formation around the western margins of Tarim Basin.Seismology and Geology,22( suppl.) :104-106．
陈杰,卢演俦,丁国瑜2001． 塔里木盆地西缘晚新生代造山过程的记录--磨拉石建造及生长地层和生长不整合. 第四纪研究,21(6) :528-539． Chen Jie,Lu Yanchou and Ding Guoyu.2001． Records of Late Cenozoic mountain building in western Tarim Basin:Molasses,growth strata and growth unconformity.Quaternary Sciences ,21 ( 6) :528-539．
何登发,Suppe J,贾承造.2005． 断层相关褶皱理论与应用研究新进展.地学前缘,12(4) :353-364． He Dengfa,Suppe J and Jia Chengzao.2005． New advances in theory and application of fault-related folding.Earth Science Frontiers,12(4) :353-364．
胡建中,谭应佳,张平,张艳秋.2008塔里木盆地西南缘山前带逆冲推覆构造特征地学前缘,15(2) :222-231．Hu Jianzhong,Tan Yingjia,Zhang Ping and Zhang Yanqiu.2008． Structural features of Cenozoic thrust-fault belts in the piedomont of southwestern Tarim Basin.Earth Science Frontiers,15 (2) :222-231．
金文正,汤良杰,杨克明,万桂梅,吕志洲.2008． 龙门山冲断带构造特征研究主要进展及存在问题探讨.地质论评,54(1) :37-46．Jin Wenzheng,Tang Liangjie,Yang Keming,Wan Guimei and Lü Zhizhou.2008． Progress and problem of study on characters of the Longmen Mountain thrust belt.Geological Review ,54( 1) :37-46．
李本亮,魏国齐,贾承造.2009． 中国前陆盆地构造地质特征综述与油气勘探.地学前缘,16(4) :190-202． Li Benliang,Wei Guoqi and Jia Chengzao.2009． Some key tectonics characteristics of Chinese foreland basins and their petroleum exploration.Earth Science Frontiers,16(4) :190-202．
李向东,王克卓.2002． 西昆仑山北缘盆山构造转换解析.新疆地质,20(增刊):19-25． Li Xiangdong and Wang Kezhuo.2002． On tectonic transformation of mountains and basins at northern margins of west Kunlun Mountains.Xinjiang Geology,20( suppl.) :19-25．
卢华复,贾承造,贾东,陈楚铭,刘志宏,王国强,王胜利.2001． 库车再生前陆盆地冲断构造楔特征.高校地质学报,7(3) :257-271． Lu Huafu,Jia Chengzao,Jia Dong,Chen Chuming,Liu Zhihong,Wang Guoqiang and Wang Shengli.2001． Features of the thrust wedge of deformation belt in Kuqa rejuvenation foreland basin.Geological Journal of China Universities ,7 ( 3) :257-271．
罗仁杰,梁黎明,吴希光,周翼,陈猛.2009． 宽线大组合理论及其在黄土塬地震采集中的应用.天然气工业,29(3) :54-56． Luo Renjie,Liang Liming,Wu Xiguang,Zhou Yi and Chen Meng.2009． The theory of wide array and its application in loess plateau seismic survey.Natural Gas Industry,29 (3) :54-56．
曲国胜,李亦纲,李岩峰,Canerot J,陈新发,尹军平,陈新安,张宁,Deramond J.2005塔里木盆地西南前陆构造分段及其成因.中国科学(D辑),35(3) :193-202． Qu Guosheng,Li Yigang,Li Yanfeng,Canerot J,Chen Xinfa,Yin Junping,Chen Xin'an,Zhang Ning and Deramond J.2005． Segmentations of foreland belts and their tectonic mechanism in the southwest Tarim Basin.Science in China ( Series D),48(10) :1585-1598．
尚新璐,陈新卫,吴超,罗金海.2004． 塔里木盆地西部喀什地区的新生代冲断构造地质科学,39(4) :543-550． Shang Xinlu,Chen Xinwei,Wu Chao and Luo Jinhai.2004． Cenozoic thrust structures in the Kashi area,western Tarim Basin.Chinese Journal of Geology,39(4) :543-550．
王步清,王清华,韩利军,韩杰,王利刚.2007． 塔里木盆地东南部车尔臣断裂的分段特征及动力学机制.石油与天然气地质,28(6) :67-73．Wang Buqing,Wang Qinghua,Han Lijun,Han Jie and Wang Ligang.2007． Segmentation characteristics and dynamic mechanism of the Che'erchen fault in the southeast Tarim Basin.Oil & Gas Geology,28(6) :67-73．
伍秀芳,刘胜,汪新,杨树锋,顾雪梅.2004． 帕米尔-西昆仑北麓新生代前陆褶皱冲断带构造剖面分析.地质科学,39(2) :260-271 Wu Xiufang,Liu Sheng,Wang Xin,Yang Shufeng and Gu Xuemei.2004． Analysis on structural sections in the Cenozoic pamirwestern Kunlun foreland fold-and-thrust belt.Chinese Journal of Geology,39 (2) :260-271．
郑洪波.2002． 从新疆叶城剖面砂岩和砾岩组分看西昆仑山的剥蚀历史.地质力学学报,8(4) :297-305．Zheng Hongbo.2002． Unroofing history of the west Kunlun viewed from the petrography of sandstone and conglomerate from Yecheng section,Xinjiang.Journal of Geomechanics ,8(4):297-305．
周新源,苗继军.2009． 塔里木盆地西北缘前陆冲断带构造分段特征及勘探方向.大地构造与成矿学,33(1) :10-18．Zhou Xinyuan and Miao Jijun.2009． The tectonic segmentation and hydrocarbon exploration of the foreland thrust belt in the northwestern Tarim Basin.Geotectonica et Metallogenia,33(1) :10-18．
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