地球深部探测国际发展与我国现状综述
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摘要
探测人类居住的地球内部的结构和组成是地质学家和地球物理学家共同的奋斗目标。本文介绍了上世纪70年代以来世界主要国家的国际地球探测计划的主要内容,包括美国大陆反射地震探测计划(COCORP)、地球透镜计划(EarthScope),欧洲地球探测计划(EUROPROBE)、德国大陆反射地震计划(DEKORP)、英国反射地震计划(BIRPS)、意大利地壳探测计划(CROP)、瑞士地壳探测计划(NRP20),俄罗斯深部探测计划,加拿大岩石圈探测计划(LITHOPROBE),澳大利亚四维地球动力学计划(AGCRC)、澳大利亚玻璃地球计划(Glass-Earth)和澳大利亚地球探测计划(AuScope),简要概括了国际地球探测计划的成果,回顾了我国地球深部探测的历史与工作基础,简要论述了我国开展地壳探测计划的必要性,并介绍了近期启动的国家科学专项"深部探测技术与实验研究"的目标与"两网、两区、四带、多点"的工作部署,展望了我国地球深部探测发展的未来。
To explore the interior structure and composition of the Earth, the habitat of our humankind, constitutes the ambition and pursuit of geologists and geophysicists for long. This article presents the research outlines and some results of major international deep probe programs worldwide since the 1970s, including the Consortium for Continental Reflection Profiling (COCORP) and EarthScope (USA), EUROPROBE (Europe), DEKORP (Germany), the British Institutions Reflection Profiling Syndicate (BIRPS), CROP (Italy), NRP20 (Switzerland), LITHOPROBE (Canada), AGCRC, Glass-Earth and AuScope (Australia), and so on. Based on the briefly retrospection of the historic deep exploration in China, the recently launched National Scientific Program of China titled as "Deep Exploration Technology and Experimentation" (ab. as SinoProbe) is introduced briefly, including its objectives and work plan of standard magnetotellurics observational and geochemical grid networks, integrated deep exploration experiments in North and South China regions, four corridor geophysical and geochemical explorations, and multiple integrated exploration sites. It is prospected that the deep exploration into the deep interior beneath the Chinese continent has its bright future.
To explore the interior structure and composition of the Earth, the habitat of our humankind, constitutes the ambition and pursuit of geologists and geophysicists for long. This article presents the research outlines and some results of major international deep probe programs worldwide since the 1970s, including the Consortium for Continental Reflection Profiling (COCORP) and EarthScope (USA), EUROPROBE (Europe), DEKORP (Germany), the British Institutions Reflection Profiling Syndicate (BIRPS), CROP (Italy), NRP20 (Switzerland), LITHOPROBE (Canada), AGCRC, Glass-Earth and AuScope (Australia), and so on. Based on the briefly retrospection of the historic deep exploration in China, the recently launched National Scientific Program of China titled as "Deep Exploration Technology and Experimentation" (ab. as SinoProbe) is introduced briefly, including its objectives and work plan of standard magnetotellurics observational and geochemical grid networks, integrated deep exploration experiments in North and South China regions, four corridor geophysical and geochemical explorations, and multiple integrated exploration sites. It is prospected that the deep exploration into the deep interior beneath the Chinese continent has its bright future.
引文
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王海燕,高锐,马永生,朱铉,李秋生,匡朝阳,李朋武,卢占武.2007.若尔盖与西秦岭地震反射岩石圈结构和盆山耦合.地球物理学报,50(2):472～481.
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杨经绥,白文吉,方青松,颜秉刚,戎合,陈松永.2004.西藏罗布莎豆荚状铬铁矿中发现超高压矿物柯石英.地球科学,29(6):651～660.
杨经绥,白文吉,方青松,戎合.2008.西藏罗布莎蛇绿岩铬铁矿中的超高压矿物和新矿物(综述).地球学报,29(3):263～274.
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曾融生,阚荣举,等.1961.柴达木盆地低频地震探测的基岩首波和大角度反射波.地球物理学报,10(1):54～66.
张先康,嘉世旭,赵金仁,张成科,杨健,王夫运,张建狮,刘宝峰,孙国伟,潘素珍.2008.西秦岭-东昆仑及邻近地区地壳结构——深地震宽角反射/折射剖面结果.地球物理学报,51(2):439～450.
赵文津,吴珍汉,史大年,熊嘉育,薛光琦,宿和平,胡道功,叶培盛.2008.国际合作I NDEPTH项目横穿青藏高原的深部探测与综合研究.地球学报,29(3):328～342.
郑洪伟,李廷栋,高锐,赵大鹏,贺日政.2007.印度板块岩石圈地幔向北俯冲到羌塘地体之下的远震P波层析成像证据.地球物理学报,50(5):1418～1426.
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