边坡岩石块体动力响应及锚固抗震效应研究
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摘要
为研究路堑岩质边坡的抗震设防问题,在对汶川地震震区公路沿线岩质边坡进行震害调查的基础上,以川藏公路沿线某处典型岩坡为例,结合块体理论分析和动力数值计算,对边坡岩石块体的地震动反应特性及块体锚固效应进行研究。结果表明:节理会造成加速度的显著放大,未锚固的楔形块体加速度放大系数比完好岩体大3倍;锚固后,加速度放大系数比锚固前减小了30%。频谱分析表明,节理面降低了岩体的整体性,提高了地震动放大的幅值,扩大了加速度放大的频率范围,并使自振频率接近地震波的主频,从而增强了块体的地震动反应强度;锚固使节理岩体的自振频率远离地震波的主频,降低了节理面附近岩体响应加速度的幅值,从而提高了岩体的抗震能力。
To research the anti-seismic behavior of rock slope along cutting of highway,on the basis of field investigation on the damages of rock slopes of highway in Wenchuan seismic area,some typical slope along Sichuan-Tibet highway was taken for example to explore the seismic response behavior and anchorage effect of slope rock mass by combing block theoretical analysis with dynamic numerical calculation.It shows that(1) joints may cause significant amplification of seismic motion,enhance the amplitude of the earthquake motion and make the natural frequency of rock mass close to that of seismic wave with acceleration amplification factor of unanchored wedged block mass 3 times larger than that of wholesome rock mass;(2) acceleration amplification factor of anchored wedged block mass will decrease by 30% to that of unanchored wedged block mass.According to spectrum analytic result,the frequent range of seismic motion amplification in jointed rock mass is larger than that in the integrity of rock mass.Anchor reinforcement will make the natural frequency of jointed rock mass go away from the domain frequency of seismic waves,decrease the amplitude of seismic response acceleration of rock mass around joints,therefore improve the seismic capacity.
To research the anti-seismic behavior of rock slope along cutting of highway,on the basis of field investigation on the damages of rock slopes of highway in Wenchuan seismic area,some typical slope along Sichuan-Tibet highway was taken for example to explore the seismic response behavior and anchorage effect of slope rock mass by combing block theoretical analysis with dynamic numerical calculation.It shows that(1) joints may cause significant amplification of seismic motion,enhance the amplitude of the earthquake motion and make the natural frequency of rock mass close to that of seismic wave with acceleration amplification factor of unanchored wedged block mass 3 times larger than that of wholesome rock mass;(2) acceleration amplification factor of anchored wedged block mass will decrease by 30% to that of unanchored wedged block mass.According to spectrum analytic result,the frequent range of seismic motion amplification in jointed rock mass is larger than that in the integrity of rock mass.Anchor reinforcement will make the natural frequency of jointed rock mass go away from the domain frequency of seismic waves,decrease the amplitude of seismic response acceleration of rock mass around joints,therefore improve the seismic capacity.
引文
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[3]王思敬,张菊明.边坡岩体滑动稳定的动力学分析[J].地质科学,1982,(2):162-170.WANG Sijing,ZHANG Juming.On the Dynamic Stability ofBlock Sliding on Rock Slopes[J].Scientia Geologica Sinica,1982(2):162-170.
[4]王思敬,薛守义.岩体边坡楔形体动力学分析[J].地质科学,1992(2):177-182.WANG Sijing,XUE Shouyi.Dynamic Analysis of Wedge Slid-ing on Rock Slopes[J].Scientia Geologica Sinica,1992(2):177-182.
[5]薛守义,王思敬,刘建中.块状岩体边坡地震滑移位移分析[J].工程地质学报,1997,5(2):131-136.XUE Shouyi,WANG Sijing,LIU Jianzhong.Analysis of Slid-ing Displacements of Rock Mass on Earthquake[J].Journalof Engineering Geology,1997,5(2):131-136.
[6]陶丽娜,张建海,何江达.楔形块体的动力稳定分析[J].四川大学学报:工程科学版,2002,34(3):24-27.TAO Lina,ZHANG Jianhai,HE Jiangda.The Dynamic Sta-bility Assessment of Wedge Bodys[J].Journal of Sichuan U-niversity:Engineering Science Edition.2002,34(3):24-27.
[7]张奇华.块体理论的应用基础研究与软件开发[D].武汉:武汉大学,2004.ZHANG Qihua.Basic Study on Application of Block Theory andDevelopment of Analytical Software[D].Wuhan:Wuhan U-niversity,2004.
[8]高正.块体理论在岩质边坡稳定分析中的应用研究[D].西安:长安大学,2005.GAO Zheng.Application of Block Theory to Rock Slope Stabil-ity Analysis[D].Xi’an:Chang’an University,2005.
[9]王义锋,郑文棠,石崇.岩质高边坡的地震时程响应分析[J].三峡大学学报:自然科学版,2008,30(3):1-5.WANG Yifeng,ZHENG Wentang,SHI Chong.Seismic Time-history Response Analysis of High Rock Slopes[J].Journal ofChina Three Gorges University:Natural Sciences,2008,30(3):1-5.
[10]刘锦华,吕祖珩.块体理论在工程岩体稳定分析中的应用[M].北京:水利电力出版社,1986.LIU Jinhua,LV Zuheng.Application of Block Theory to Sta-bility Analysis of Engineering Rock Mass[M].Beijing:Wa-ter Resources and Electric Power Press,1986.
[11]中交第一公路勘察设计研究院.国道318线川藏公路(西藏境)通麦至105道班段整治改建工程可行性研究-工程地质调查报告[R].西安:中交第一公路勘察设计研究院,2005.CCCC First Highway Consultants Co.,Ltd.Feasibility Re-search of Reconstruction of G318 Tongmai to 105 Road TeamSection:Survey of Engineering Geology[R].Xi’an:CCCCFirst Highway Consultants Co.,Ltd.,2005.
[12]中国地震局地壳应力研究所.国道318线川藏公路(西藏境)通麦至105道班段整治改建工程可行性研究-场地地震安全性评价报告[R].北京:中国地震局地壳应力研究所,2006.The Institute of Crustal Dynamics of China Earthquake Admin-istration.Feasibility Research of Reconstruction of G318 Tong-mai To 105 Road Team Section:Engineering Site Seismic Safe-ty Evaluation Report[R].Beijing:The Institute of CrustalDynamics of China Earthquake Administration,2006.
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