辽东湾辽西凹陷沙河街组烃源岩评价及油源研究
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摘要
辽西凹陷沙河街组是否发育烃源岩,是该凹陷油气勘探首要问题。以源控论为基本指导思想,从沉积相研究入手,通过烃源岩地球化学分析、盆地模拟及油源对比,综合评价了辽西凹陷沙河街组烃源岩。在大量地震资料及单井资料分析基础上,认为辽西凹陷沙河街组发育大规模中深湖相,特别是辽西中洼沙四段发育中深湖相沉积,具备形成烃源岩的先决条件。通过在该凹陷取的33个油样及48个岩样分析,认为沙河街组烃源岩有机显微组分组成中腐泥组和壳质组含量普遍较高,富含浮游藻类,干酪根类型为Ⅰ～Ⅱ型。盆地模拟认为辽西凹陷生烃门限约2 500 m,沙三段进入生烃门限,具备大规模生烃条件,沙一段未进入生烃门限。通过油源对比分析,辽西凹陷原油的4-甲基甾烷/C29规则甾烷比值基本上都大于0.5,三芳甾烷/三芳甲藻烷值分布范围0.94～3.88,均值为1.51,与沙三段烃源岩具有很高的相似性,因此,认为沙三段和沙四段是辽西凹陷油气的主力烃源岩层段。有机相和沉积相综合分析认为,辽西凹陷沙河街组烃源岩整体优越,但各次洼烃源岩分布有一定差异性,中洼发育2套沙河街组烃源岩,生烃潜力巨大,南洼沙三段烃源岩最好,北洼烃源岩规模最小。
The main reason for bad potential evaluation of Liaoxi depression is that hydrocarbon generation of Es3 and Es4 cannot be recognized,which is the principal issue of hydrocarbon exploration in Liaoxi depression.Based on source control theory and sedimentary faces study,analyzed geochemistry characteristics,through basin modeling and oil source research,we evaluated Shahejie Fm.source rock comprehensively.Based on a great quantity of seismic and well material,we identified fan delta faces-coastal shallow-lake faces-middle-deep lake faces of Shahejie Fm.in Liaoxi depression,especially middle deep lake face of Es4.Source supply is sufficient in lower segment of Es3 and the size of middle-deep lake is very small,its area of southern sag is largest,smaller in middle sag and least in northern sag.Source supply becomes smaller in middle segment of Es3 and the size of middle-deep lake is very big that mainly locates in middle sag.The area of southern sag is larger and smaller in northern sag.Mud.stone of middle-deep lake face is the precondition of forming source rock.Through 33 oil samples and 48 rock samples analysis of Liaoxi depression,we concluded that content of sapropelic and exinite of organic material is commonly higher and rich of planktonic algae in Shahejie Fm.source rock.Its kerogen type is Ⅰ-Ⅱ.Basin modeling concluded that hydrocarbon generating threshold is 2 500 m,Es3 source rock below this depth and Es1 source rock is upper this depth.After oil-source correlation research,we considered that oil geochemistry characteristics are similar with source rock geochemistry of Es3 and Es4 in Liaoxi depression.Hence,Es3 and Es4 source rock is the most important oil source in Liaoxi depression.With organic faces and sedimentary faces researching,organic material of Es source rock is entirely rich.But there are some differences of these sags in Liaoxi depression.Geochemical indexes of northern sag of Liaoxi depression are higher,subordinate of middle sag,lower of southern sag.From distributions of middle-deep lake face,the author identified small scale of middle-deep lake face of Es3 is developed in northern sag of Liaoxi depression,large scale of middle-deep lake face of Es3 and Es4 are developed in middle sag of Liaoxi depression,and large scale of middle-deep lake face of Es3 is developed in southern sag of Liaoxi depression.Middle sag of Liaoxi depression has a large potentiality of hydrocarbon generation,smaller in southern sag and least in northern sag based on comprehensive analysis.
The main reason for bad potential evaluation of Liaoxi depression is that hydrocarbon generation of Es3 and Es4 cannot be recognized,which is the principal issue of hydrocarbon exploration in Liaoxi depression.Based on source control theory and sedimentary faces study,analyzed geochemistry characteristics,through basin modeling and oil source research,we evaluated Shahejie Fm.source rock comprehensively.Based on a great quantity of seismic and well material,we identified fan delta faces-coastal shallow-lake faces-middle-deep lake faces of Shahejie Fm.in Liaoxi depression,especially middle deep lake face of Es4.Source supply is sufficient in lower segment of Es3 and the size of middle-deep lake is very small,its area of southern sag is largest,smaller in middle sag and least in northern sag.Source supply becomes smaller in middle segment of Es3 and the size of middle-deep lake is very big that mainly locates in middle sag.The area of southern sag is larger and smaller in northern sag.Mud.stone of middle-deep lake face is the precondition of forming source rock.Through 33 oil samples and 48 rock samples analysis of Liaoxi depression,we concluded that content of sapropelic and exinite of organic material is commonly higher and rich of planktonic algae in Shahejie Fm.source rock.Its kerogen type is Ⅰ-Ⅱ.Basin modeling concluded that hydrocarbon generating threshold is 2 500 m,Es3 source rock below this depth and Es1 source rock is upper this depth.After oil-source correlation research,we considered that oil geochemistry characteristics are similar with source rock geochemistry of Es3 and Es4 in Liaoxi depression.Hence,Es3 and Es4 source rock is the most important oil source in Liaoxi depression.With organic faces and sedimentary faces researching,organic material of Es source rock is entirely rich.But there are some differences of these sags in Liaoxi depression.Geochemical indexes of northern sag of Liaoxi depression are higher,subordinate of middle sag,lower of southern sag.From distributions of middle-deep lake face,the author identified small scale of middle-deep lake face of Es3 is developed in northern sag of Liaoxi depression,large scale of middle-deep lake face of Es3 and Es4 are developed in middle sag of Liaoxi depression,and large scale of middle-deep lake face of Es3 is developed in southern sag of Liaoxi depression.Middle sag of Liaoxi depression has a large potentiality of hydrocarbon generation,smaller in southern sag and least in northern sag based on comprehensive analysis.
引文
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10田金强,邹华耀,周心怀,等.辽东湾地区烃源岩生物标志物特征与油源对比[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2011,35(4):53-58[Tian Jingqiang,Zou Huayao,Zhou Xinhuai,et al.Biomarkercharacteristics of source rocks and oil-source correlation in LiaodongBay[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum,2011,35(4):53-58]
11姜雪,邹华耀,庄新兵,等.辽东湾地区烃源岩特征及其主控因素[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2010,34(2):31-37[JiangXue,Zou Huayao,Zhuang Xinbin,et al.Characteristics of hydrocar-bon source rocks in Liaodong Bay area and its main controlling factors[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum,2010,34(2):31-37]
12王培荣,张大江,宋孚庆,等.区分渤中坳陷三套烃源岩的地球化学参数组合[J].中国海上油气,2004,16(3):157-160[Wang Pei-rong,Zhang Dajiang,Song Fuqing,et al.The comprehensive geo-chemical parameters for distinguishing three sets of source rock inBozhong depression[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2004,16(3):157-160]
2胡朝元.生油区控制油气田分布-中国东部陆相盆地进行区域勘探的有效理论[J].石油学报,1982,2(2):9-13[Hu Chaoyuan.Source bed controls hydrocarbon habitat in continental basins,east Chi-na[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1982,2(2):9-13]
3周兴熙.源-盖共控论述要[J].石油勘探与开发,1997,24(6):4-7[Zhou Xingxi.A review of petroleum controlled by Source-seal[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,1997,24(6):4-7]
4邓运华.试论中国近海两个坳陷带油气地质差异性[J].石油学报,2009,30(1):1-8[Deng Yunhua.Analysis on difference of petroleumtype and geological conditions between two depression belts in Chinaoffshore[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,30(1):1-8]
5 Tissot B P,Welte D H.Petroleum Formation and Occurrence[M].New York:Springer-Verlag,1984:40-150
6漆家福,陈发景.辽东湾—下辽河裂陷盆地的构造样式[J].石油与天然气地质,1992,13(3):272-283[Qi Jiafu,Chen Fajing.Structur-al style in Lioadongwan-Xiaoliaohe basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,1992,13(3):272-283]
7王祥,王应斌,吕修祥,等.渤海海域辽东湾坳陷油气成藏条件与分布规律[J].石油与天然气地质,2011,32(3):342-351[WangXiang,Wang Yingbin,LǚXiuxiang,et al.Hydrocarbon accumulationconditions and distribution patterns in the Liaodong Bay Depression,the Bohai Sea[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2011,32(3):342-351]
8吕丁友,杨明慧,周心怀,等.辽东湾坳陷辽西低凸起潜山构造特征与油气聚集[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(4):490-496[LǚDingyou,Yang Minghui,Zhou Xinhuai,et al.Structural characteris-tics and hydrocarbon accumulation in the buried hills of the Liaoxi lowsalient,the Liaodong Bay Depression[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2009,30(4):490-496]
9朱筱敏,董艳蕾,杨俊生,等.辽东湾地区古近系层序地层格架与沉积体系分布[J].中国科学:D辑,2008,38(增1):1-10[Zhu Xi-aomin,Dong Yanlei,Yang Junsheng,et al.Sequence framework andsediment system of Eogene in Liaodong Bay area[J].Science in Chi-na:Series D,2008,38(Suppl 1):1-10]
10田金强,邹华耀,周心怀,等.辽东湾地区烃源岩生物标志物特征与油源对比[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2011,35(4):53-58[Tian Jingqiang,Zou Huayao,Zhou Xinhuai,et al.Biomarkercharacteristics of source rocks and oil-source correlation in LiaodongBay[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum,2011,35(4):53-58]
11姜雪,邹华耀,庄新兵,等.辽东湾地区烃源岩特征及其主控因素[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2010,34(2):31-37[JiangXue,Zou Huayao,Zhuang Xinbin,et al.Characteristics of hydrocar-bon source rocks in Liaodong Bay area and its main controlling factors[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum,2010,34(2):31-37]
12王培荣,张大江,宋孚庆,等.区分渤中坳陷三套烃源岩的地球化学参数组合[J].中国海上油气,2004,16(3):157-160[Wang Pei-rong,Zhang Dajiang,Song Fuqing,et al.The comprehensive geo-chemical parameters for distinguishing three sets of source rock inBozhong depression[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2004,16(3):157-160]
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