南黄海盆地青岛坳陷二叠系、三叠系地震属性及其地质意义
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摘要
新一轮的战略性油气地质调查工作在南黄海盆地崂山隆起新近系之下发现了疑似海相地层的有效地震反射,但因针对海相地层的勘探程度低(无井、地震测线稀)等原因,其地层属性至今依然不清楚。本文利用青岛坳陷有限的钻井资料,结合新采集有限的二维地震资料,对青岛坳陷二叠系、三叠系进行了地震属性提取及分析,认为其地震属性特征为:上二叠统龙潭组和大隆组总体表现为中—强振幅、偏低频、平行—近平行较密集地震反射;下三叠统下青龙组为中振幅、中—高频、平行—近平行密集地震反射;下三叠统上青龙组则为弱振幅或空白反射、低—中频、平行—近平行地震反射。预测上二叠统及中-下三叠统主要残存分布于青岛坳陷东侧靠近崂山隆起及勿南沙隆起的部位,并据此推测在崂山隆起及勿南沙隆起区可能残存,是值得探索的勘探领域。对于钻井稀少的低勘探程度区,利用地震多属性分析技术及地震属性特征来识别与预测勘探目的层的分布,对于早期勘探评价具有重要现实意义。
A new round of geologic survey on oil-gas resources recently discovered effective seismic reflection from suspected marine strata beneath the Neogene of Laoshan uplift in South Yellow Sea Basin.But its stratigraphic attribute remains unknown up to now because of the low degree of exploration in marine strata(no exploration wells and lack of seismic profiles).In this paper,we make a seismic multi-attribute analysis on the Permian and Triassic in Qingdao depression using the latest seismic data combined with limited drilling data(such as the WX5-ST1 well).The result shows that these seismic attributes are characterized by the mid-strong amplitude,low frequency,parallel-subparallel and relatively dense seismic reflection for the Permian Longtan and Dalong Formations;the mid amplitude,mid-high frequency,parallel-subparallel and dense seismic reflection for the lower part of the Lower Triassic Qinglong Formation,and the weak amplitude or blank reflection,low-mid frequency,parallel-subparallel seismic reflection for the upper part of the Lower Triassic Qinglong Formation.Therefore,it was predicted that the residual Upper Permian and Middle-Lower Triassic are mainly distributed in areas near Laoshan and Wunansha uplifts in the eastern Qingdao depression,which are worthy of further exploration.As for areas with the low degree of exploration,it is of great practice significance in early exploration and evaluation to identify and predict the distribution of exploration targets by applying the seismic multi-attribute analysis and seismic attribute characteristics.
A new round of geologic survey on oil-gas resources recently discovered effective seismic reflection from suspected marine strata beneath the Neogene of Laoshan uplift in South Yellow Sea Basin.But its stratigraphic attribute remains unknown up to now because of the low degree of exploration in marine strata(no exploration wells and lack of seismic profiles).In this paper,we make a seismic multi-attribute analysis on the Permian and Triassic in Qingdao depression using the latest seismic data combined with limited drilling data(such as the WX5-ST1 well).The result shows that these seismic attributes are characterized by the mid-strong amplitude,low frequency,parallel-subparallel and relatively dense seismic reflection for the Permian Longtan and Dalong Formations;the mid amplitude,mid-high frequency,parallel-subparallel and dense seismic reflection for the lower part of the Lower Triassic Qinglong Formation,and the weak amplitude or blank reflection,low-mid frequency,parallel-subparallel seismic reflection for the upper part of the Lower Triassic Qinglong Formation.Therefore,it was predicted that the residual Upper Permian and Middle-Lower Triassic are mainly distributed in areas near Laoshan and Wunansha uplifts in the eastern Qingdao depression,which are worthy of further exploration.As for areas with the low degree of exploration,it is of great practice significance in early exploration and evaluation to identify and predict the distribution of exploration targets by applying the seismic multi-attribute analysis and seismic attribute characteristics.
引文
[1]陈建文.南黄海盆地油气勘探战略选区[J].海洋地质动态,2002,18(11):28-29.Chen Jianwen.Selected strategic areas for petroleum exploration inSouth Yellow Sea Basin[J].Marine Geology Letters,2002,18(11):28-29.
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[4]Zhang Minghua,Xu Deshu,Chen Jianwen.Geological structureof the Yellow Sea area from regional gravity and magnetic inter-pretation[J].Applied Geophysics,2007,4(2):75-83.
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[7]李刚,陈建文,肖国林,等.南黄海海域的海相中—古生界油气远景[J].海洋地质动态,2003,19(8):12-16.Li Gang,Chen Jianwen,Xiao Guolin,et al.Petroleum prospect ofmarine paleozoic in the South Yellow Sea[J].Marine GeologyLetters,2003,19(8):12-16.
[8]陈建文,肖国林,刘守全,等.中国海域油气资源勘查战略研究[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2003,23(4):77-82.Chen Jianwen,Xiao Guolin,Liu Shouquan,et al.Strategy of oiland gas resources explorations in China seas[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,2003,23(4):77-82.
[9]蔡乾忠.中国海域油气地质学[M].北京:海洋出版社,2005.Cai Qianzhong.Oil and gas geology in China seas[M].Beijing:O-cean Press,2005.
[10]欧阳凯,张训华,李刚.南黄海中部隆起地层分布特征[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2009,29(1):59-66.Ouyang Kai,Zhang Xunhua,Li Gang.Characteristics of strati-graphic distribution in the middle uplift of South Yellow Sea[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,2009,29(1):59-66.
[11]吴淑玉,刘俊,肖国林,等.地震多属性预测技术在南黄海二叠系至三叠系沉积分析中的应用[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2011,31(5):109-116.Wu Shuyu,Liu Jun,Xiao Guolin,et al.Application of seismic attrib-ute analysis to the Permian-Triassic deposits in the South Yellow Sea[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,2011,31(5):109-116.
[12]蔡乾忠.中国东部与朝鲜大地构造单元对应划分[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1995,15(1):7-24.Cai Qianzhong.Corresponding division of geotectonic units ofeastern China and Korea[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Ge-ology,1995,15(1):7-24.
[13]任纪舜.从全球看中国大地构造——中国及邻区大地构造图简要说明[M].北京:地质出版社,1999.Ren Jishun.Tectonic map of China and its adjacent areas[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1999.
[14]郭玉贵,李延成,许东禹,等.黄东海大陆架及邻域大地构造演化史[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1997,17(1):1-12.Guo Yugui,Li Yancheng,Xu Dongyu,et al.Tectonic evolution ofYellow Sea,East China Sea and continental shelf and adjacent areas[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,1997,17(1):1-12.
[15]Wu Shiguo,Ni Xiangnong,Cai Feng.Petroleum geological frame-work and hydrocarbon potential in the Yellow Sea[J].ChineseJournal of Oceanology and Limnology,2008,26(1):23-34.
[16]蔡峰,熊斌辉.南黄海海域与下扬子地区海相中-古生界地层对比及烃源岩评价[J].海洋地质动态,2007,23(6):1-6.Cai Feng,Xiong Binhui.Comparison of marine Mesozoic-Paleozoicstrata and hydrocarbon source rocks in the South Yellow Sea andlower Yangtze area[J].Marine Geology Letters,2007,23(6):1-6.
[17]杨艳秋.南黄海南部二叠系上统-三叠系下统的分布特征及油气勘探的意义[D].长春:吉林大学硕士学位论文,2004.Yang Yanqiu.Distribution characteristics of Upper Permian-Lower Triassic and hydrocarbon exploration in the southern ofSouth Yellow Sea[D].Changchun:The master degree thesis ofJilin University,2004.
[18]Brown A R.Seismic attribute and their classification[J].TheLeading Edge,1996,15(10):1090.
[19]Brown A R.The value of seismic amplitude[J].The LeadingEdge,1987,6(30):30-33.
[20]Chen Quincy,Steve Sidney.Seismic attribute technology for res-ervoir forecasting and monitoring[J].The Leading Edge,1997,16(5):445-456.
[21]Sigit Sukmono.Application of multi-attribute analysis in mappinglithology and porosity in the Pematang-Sihapas groups of centralSumatra Basin,Indonesia[J].The leading Edge,2007,26(2):126-131.
[22]Mahapatra S N,Imhof M G.Seismic attribute analysis and geo-body visualization changes our perception about a century oldhighly heterogeneous field[J].The Leading Edge,2008,27(3):368-374.
[23]Claerbout J F.Fundamentals of geophysical data processing[M].New York:McGraw-Hill,1976:346-350.
[24]Bahorich M S,Bridges S R.Seismic sequence attribute map(SSAM)[J].SEG Expanded Abstracts 11,1992:227-230.
[25]Barnes A E.Instantaneous frequency and amplitude at the enve-lope peak of a constant-phase wavelet(short note)[J].Geophys-ics,1991,56(7):1058-1060.
[26]Barnes A E.The calculation of instantaneous frequency and instan-taneous bandwidth(short note)[J].Geophysics,1992,57(11):1520-1524.
[2]戴春山,李刚,蔡峰,等.黄海前第三系及油气勘探方向[J].中国海上油气(地质),2003,17(4):225-231.Dai Chunshan,Li Gang,Cai Feng,et al.The pretertiary and itshydrocarbon exploration targets in Yellow Sea[J].China Off-shore Oil and Gas(Geology),2003,17(4):225-231.
[3]姚永坚,冯志强,郝天珧,等.对南黄海盆地构造层特征及含油气性的新认识[J].地学前缘,2008,15(6):232-240.Yao Yongjian,Feng Zhiqiang,Hao Tianyao,et al.A new under-standing of the structural layers in the South Yellow Sea Basinand their hydrocarbon-bearing characteristics[J].Earth ScienceFrontiers,2008,15(6):232-240.
[4]Zhang Minghua,Xu Deshu,Chen Jianwen.Geological structureof the Yellow Sea area from regional gravity and magnetic inter-pretation[J].Applied Geophysics,2007,4(2):75-83.
[5]张海啟,陈建文,李刚,等.地震调查在南黄海崂山隆起的发现及其石油地质意义[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2009,29(3):107-113.Zhang Haiqi,Chen Jianwen,Li Gang,et al.Discovery from seismicsurvey in Laoshan uplift of the South Yellow Sea and the signifi-cance[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,2009,29(3):107-113.
[6]王丰,李慧君,张银国.南黄海崂山隆起地层属性及油气地质[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2010,30(2):95-102.Wang Feng,Li Huijun,Zhang Yinguo.Stratigraphic geologic attributeand hydrocarbon geology in Laoshan uplift of South Yellow Sea[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,2010,30(2):95-102.
[7]李刚,陈建文,肖国林,等.南黄海海域的海相中—古生界油气远景[J].海洋地质动态,2003,19(8):12-16.Li Gang,Chen Jianwen,Xiao Guolin,et al.Petroleum prospect ofmarine paleozoic in the South Yellow Sea[J].Marine GeologyLetters,2003,19(8):12-16.
[8]陈建文,肖国林,刘守全,等.中国海域油气资源勘查战略研究[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2003,23(4):77-82.Chen Jianwen,Xiao Guolin,Liu Shouquan,et al.Strategy of oiland gas resources explorations in China seas[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,2003,23(4):77-82.
[9]蔡乾忠.中国海域油气地质学[M].北京:海洋出版社,2005.Cai Qianzhong.Oil and gas geology in China seas[M].Beijing:O-cean Press,2005.
[10]欧阳凯,张训华,李刚.南黄海中部隆起地层分布特征[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2009,29(1):59-66.Ouyang Kai,Zhang Xunhua,Li Gang.Characteristics of strati-graphic distribution in the middle uplift of South Yellow Sea[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,2009,29(1):59-66.
[11]吴淑玉,刘俊,肖国林,等.地震多属性预测技术在南黄海二叠系至三叠系沉积分析中的应用[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2011,31(5):109-116.Wu Shuyu,Liu Jun,Xiao Guolin,et al.Application of seismic attrib-ute analysis to the Permian-Triassic deposits in the South Yellow Sea[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,2011,31(5):109-116.
[12]蔡乾忠.中国东部与朝鲜大地构造单元对应划分[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1995,15(1):7-24.Cai Qianzhong.Corresponding division of geotectonic units ofeastern China and Korea[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Ge-ology,1995,15(1):7-24.
[13]任纪舜.从全球看中国大地构造——中国及邻区大地构造图简要说明[M].北京:地质出版社,1999.Ren Jishun.Tectonic map of China and its adjacent areas[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1999.
[14]郭玉贵,李延成,许东禹,等.黄东海大陆架及邻域大地构造演化史[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1997,17(1):1-12.Guo Yugui,Li Yancheng,Xu Dongyu,et al.Tectonic evolution ofYellow Sea,East China Sea and continental shelf and adjacent areas[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,1997,17(1):1-12.
[15]Wu Shiguo,Ni Xiangnong,Cai Feng.Petroleum geological frame-work and hydrocarbon potential in the Yellow Sea[J].ChineseJournal of Oceanology and Limnology,2008,26(1):23-34.
[16]蔡峰,熊斌辉.南黄海海域与下扬子地区海相中-古生界地层对比及烃源岩评价[J].海洋地质动态,2007,23(6):1-6.Cai Feng,Xiong Binhui.Comparison of marine Mesozoic-Paleozoicstrata and hydrocarbon source rocks in the South Yellow Sea andlower Yangtze area[J].Marine Geology Letters,2007,23(6):1-6.
[17]杨艳秋.南黄海南部二叠系上统-三叠系下统的分布特征及油气勘探的意义[D].长春:吉林大学硕士学位论文,2004.Yang Yanqiu.Distribution characteristics of Upper Permian-Lower Triassic and hydrocarbon exploration in the southern ofSouth Yellow Sea[D].Changchun:The master degree thesis ofJilin University,2004.
[18]Brown A R.Seismic attribute and their classification[J].TheLeading Edge,1996,15(10):1090.
[19]Brown A R.The value of seismic amplitude[J].The LeadingEdge,1987,6(30):30-33.
[20]Chen Quincy,Steve Sidney.Seismic attribute technology for res-ervoir forecasting and monitoring[J].The Leading Edge,1997,16(5):445-456.
[21]Sigit Sukmono.Application of multi-attribute analysis in mappinglithology and porosity in the Pematang-Sihapas groups of centralSumatra Basin,Indonesia[J].The leading Edge,2007,26(2):126-131.
[22]Mahapatra S N,Imhof M G.Seismic attribute analysis and geo-body visualization changes our perception about a century oldhighly heterogeneous field[J].The Leading Edge,2008,27(3):368-374.
[23]Claerbout J F.Fundamentals of geophysical data processing[M].New York:McGraw-Hill,1976:346-350.
[24]Bahorich M S,Bridges S R.Seismic sequence attribute map(SSAM)[J].SEG Expanded Abstracts 11,1992:227-230.
[25]Barnes A E.Instantaneous frequency and amplitude at the enve-lope peak of a constant-phase wavelet(short note)[J].Geophys-ics,1991,56(7):1058-1060.
[26]Barnes A E.The calculation of instantaneous frequency and instan-taneous bandwidth(short note)[J].Geophysics,1992,57(11):1520-1524.
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