渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷古近系沙一段物源—沉积体系重建
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摘要
采用布格重力异常手段宏观地区分物源区和沉积区,根据重矿物特征分析物源区位置及影响范围,依据地震反射特征识别物源运移方向,通过砂分散体系精细分析和表征物源—沉积体系特征,并利用岩石地球化学资料进一步佐证物源—沉积体系分析。综合研究表明,渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷沙一段时期存在五个物源区,分别为葛沽物源、小站物源、增福台物源、钱圈物源和北大港潜山物源。葛沽物源为板桥次凹提供沉积物,且沉积物主体呈两支向歧口主凹进一步推进;小站物源、增福台物源和钱圈物源影响范围较小,均呈两支进入板桥次凹;北大港潜山物源为歧北次凹提供沉积物,向马棚口和高尘头地区推进时物源频繁分叉。综合岩芯、录井、测井和古生物等沉积成因标志,认为板桥次凹发育扇三角洲沉积体系,歧口主凹和歧北次凹发育深湖浊流体系。
Accoding to the characteristics of the Bouguer gravity anomalies,the source and deposition areas were macroscopically distinguished in this paper.Based on the characteristics of heavy mineral,the location and extent of the source areas were described.In addition,the direction of the sources were determined on the basis of seismic reflection characteristics.Furthermore,the characteristics of provenance-sedimentary system were finely pictured by the distribution of sandbody,and could be further verified through geochemical characteristics.Different ways exerted respective superiority,and various means revised each other,the provenance-sedimentary system of the first member of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation in the Qikou sag of the Bohai bay basin was reconstructed by these ways.The results suggested that,there were five sources in the first member of Shahejie Formation in the Qikou sag,that were Gegu source,Xiaozhan source,Zengfutai source,Qianquan source and Beidagang buried hill source.The Gegu source was the largest source in the Qikou sag,the direction was overall the northwest to southeast,it provided sediments for Banqiao sag,and the sediments were further promoted into Qikou sag mainly in two directions but terminated at the downthrow wall of the Qizhong fault,the migration direction of the source location evolved from the southwest to the northeast in the first member of the Shahejie Formation,but the scale of the migration is small.The Xiaozhan source developed along Xiaozhan to Baishuitou area,the extent was small,the sediments were promoted into Banqiao sag in SSE and SE,the migration direction of the source location evolved from northeast to southwest.The scale of the Zengfutai source was limited which was influenced by the Dazhangtuo fault,the sediments filled into the Banqiao sag,and the source location migrated along northeast.The location of the Qianquan source was unstable,the migration direction of the source location evolved from west to northeast,the extent of migration was large scale,the sediments were promoted into Banqiao sag in two directions.The sediments of the Beidagang buried hill source were carried to the Qibei sag along the downthrow wall of the Gangxi and Gangdong fault and extended to the Zhangbei fault which showed from northwest to southeast,and being frequent bifurcation when impelled into Mapengkou and Gaochentou area.Combined with well cores,drilling,logging and paleobiology,it showed that Banqiao sag developed fan delta sedimentary system which was controlled by the Cangdong fault,that included fan delta plain,fan delta front and front-fan delta.The Qikou sag developed deep-lake turbidite sedimentary system which was influenced by the strong activity of Changlu fault,it was involved from the sandbody of the fan delta sedimentary system which controlled by the Gegu source.The Qibei sag developed deep-lake turbidite sedimentary system located in the background of the semi deep-lake and deep-lake controlled by the Gangxi and Gangdong fault.The distribution of sedimentary system was obviously influenced by the direction,shape and extent of the source area.The research proved that this comprehensive analysis of multi-methods was effective for the reconstruction of provenance-sedimentary system.
Accoding to the characteristics of the Bouguer gravity anomalies,the source and deposition areas were macroscopically distinguished in this paper.Based on the characteristics of heavy mineral,the location and extent of the source areas were described.In addition,the direction of the sources were determined on the basis of seismic reflection characteristics.Furthermore,the characteristics of provenance-sedimentary system were finely pictured by the distribution of sandbody,and could be further verified through geochemical characteristics.Different ways exerted respective superiority,and various means revised each other,the provenance-sedimentary system of the first member of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation in the Qikou sag of the Bohai bay basin was reconstructed by these ways.The results suggested that,there were five sources in the first member of Shahejie Formation in the Qikou sag,that were Gegu source,Xiaozhan source,Zengfutai source,Qianquan source and Beidagang buried hill source.The Gegu source was the largest source in the Qikou sag,the direction was overall the northwest to southeast,it provided sediments for Banqiao sag,and the sediments were further promoted into Qikou sag mainly in two directions but terminated at the downthrow wall of the Qizhong fault,the migration direction of the source location evolved from the southwest to the northeast in the first member of the Shahejie Formation,but the scale of the migration is small.The Xiaozhan source developed along Xiaozhan to Baishuitou area,the extent was small,the sediments were promoted into Banqiao sag in SSE and SE,the migration direction of the source location evolved from northeast to southwest.The scale of the Zengfutai source was limited which was influenced by the Dazhangtuo fault,the sediments filled into the Banqiao sag,and the source location migrated along northeast.The location of the Qianquan source was unstable,the migration direction of the source location evolved from west to northeast,the extent of migration was large scale,the sediments were promoted into Banqiao sag in two directions.The sediments of the Beidagang buried hill source were carried to the Qibei sag along the downthrow wall of the Gangxi and Gangdong fault and extended to the Zhangbei fault which showed from northwest to southeast,and being frequent bifurcation when impelled into Mapengkou and Gaochentou area.Combined with well cores,drilling,logging and paleobiology,it showed that Banqiao sag developed fan delta sedimentary system which was controlled by the Cangdong fault,that included fan delta plain,fan delta front and front-fan delta.The Qikou sag developed deep-lake turbidite sedimentary system which was influenced by the strong activity of Changlu fault,it was involved from the sandbody of the fan delta sedimentary system which controlled by the Gegu source.The Qibei sag developed deep-lake turbidite sedimentary system located in the background of the semi deep-lake and deep-lake controlled by the Gangxi and Gangdong fault.The distribution of sedimentary system was obviously influenced by the direction,shape and extent of the source area.The research proved that this comprehensive analysis of multi-methods was effective for the reconstruction of provenance-sedimentary system.
引文
1王华,白云风,黄传炎,等.歧口凹陷古近纪东营期古物源体系重建与应用[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2009,34(3):448-456[Wang Hua,Bai Yunfeng,Huang Chuanyan,et al.Reconstruc-tion and application of the Paleogene provenance system of the Dongy-ing Formation in Qikou depression[J].Earth Science:Journal of Chi-na University of Geosciences,2009,34(3):448-456]
2赵红格,刘池洋.物源分析方法与研究进展[J].沉积学报,2003,21(3):409-415[Zhao Hongge,Liu Chiyang.Approaches and pros-pects of provenance analysis[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2003,21(3):409-415]
3黄传炎,王华,周立宏,等.北塘凹陷古近系沙河街组三段物源体系分析[J].地球科学-中国地质大学学报,2009,34(6):975-982[Huang Chuanyan,Wang Hua,Zhou Lihong,et al.Provenance sys-tem characters of the third member of Shahejie Formation in the Paleo-gene in Beitang sag[J].Earth Science-Journal of China University ofGeosciences,2009,34(6):975-982]
4齐井顺,李广伟,孙立东,等.徐家围子断陷白垩系营城组四段层序地层及沉积相[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2009,39(6):983-990[Qi Jingshun,Li Guangwei,Sun Lidong,et al.The researchon sequence stratigraphy and sedimentary facies of the member 4 ofYingcheng Formation in Xujiaweizi Depression[J].Journal of Jilin Uni-versity:Earth Science Edition,2009,39(6):983-990]
5吴立群,焦养泉,杨琴,等.鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区延长组物源体系分析[J].沉积学报,2010,28(3):434-440[Wu Liqun,JiaoYangquan,Yang Qin,et al.Provenance system analysis of YanchangFormation in Fuxian area of Ordos basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sin-ica,2010,28(3):434-440]
6王世虎,焦养泉,吴立群,等.鄂尔多斯盆地西北部延长组中下部古物源与沉积体空间配置[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2007,32(2):201-208[Wang Shihu,Jiao Yangquan,Wu Liqun,etal.Spatial combination of paleoprovenance and depositional lobe ofmid-lower Yanchang Formation in the northwest of Ordos basin[J].Earth Science:Journal of China University of Geosciences,2007,32(2):201-208]
7姜在兴,邢焕清,李任伟,等.合肥盆地中—新生代物源及古水流体系研究[J].现代地质,2005,19(2):247-252[Jiang Zaixing,Xing Huanqing,Li Renwei,et al.Research on provenance and Pa-leocurrents in the Meso-Cenozoic Hefei Basin[J].Geoscience,2005,19(2):247-252]
8 Dickinson W R.Interpreting provenance relations from detrital modesof sandstones[J].Provenance of Arenites,1985,148:333-361
9 Morton A,Hurst A.Correlation of sandstones using heavy minerals:anexample from the Statfjord Formation of the Snorre field,northern NorthSea[J].Geological Society Special Publication,1995,89:3-22
10赵俊兴,吕强,李凤杰,等.鄂尔多斯盆地南部延长组长6时期物源状况分析[J].沉积学报,2008,26(4):610-616[ZhaoJunxing,LüQiang,Li Fengjie,et al.Sediment provenance analysisof the Chang 6 oil-bearing interval of Yanchang Formation in the Southof Ordos Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2008,26(4):610-616]
11焦养泉,李珍,周海民.沉积盆地物质来源综合研究——以南堡老第三纪亚断陷盆地为例[J].岩相古地理,1998,18(5):16-20[Jiao Yangquan,Li Zhen,Zhou Haimin.The integated study of sedi-ment sources in sedimentary basins:an example from the Eogene Nan-pu rift subbasin[J].Sedimentary Facies and Palaeogeography,1998,18(5):16-20]
12史春鸿,韩润生,吴鹏,等.滇中牟定地区上白垩统马头山组岩石地球化学及物源属性[J].沉积学报,2011,29(2):303-311[Shi Chunhong,Han Runsheng,Wu Peng,et al.Geochemistry andprovenance of source rock for matoushan Formation rocks(Late Creta-ceous)in the Mouding area,Central Yunnan[J].Acta Sedimentolog-ica Sinica,2011,29(2):303-311]
13 Johnson C M,Winter B L.Provenance analysis of lower Paleozoicquartz arenites of the North American mid-continent region:U-Pb andSm-Nd isotope geochemistry[J].Geological Society of American Bul-letin,1999,111(11):1723-1738
14 Sherlock S C,Jones K A,Jones J A.A central European variscidesource for upper Carboniferous sediments in SW England:40Ar/39Ardetrital white micaages from the forest of Dean basin[J].Journal ofthe Geological Society,2000,157(5):905-908
15 Stevenson R K,Whittaker S,Mountjoy E W.Geochemical and Nd i-sotopic evidence for sedimentary source changes in the Devonian mio-geocline of the southern Canadian cordillere[J].Geological Society ofAmerican Bulletin,2000,112:531-539
16 Taylor S R,McLennan S M.The Continental Crust:Its Compositionand Evolution[M].Oxford Blackwell Scientific Publication,1985
17吴永平,周立宏,王华,等.歧口凹陷层序构成样式的时空差异性研究[J].大地构造与成矿学,2010,34(4):473-483[WuYongping,Zhou Lihong,Wang Hua,et al.Spatiotemporal differencesof sequence architecture styles in the Qikou sag[J].Geotectonica etMetallogenia,2010,34(4):473-483]
18吕琳,王文革,鲁超,等.歧口凹陷古近系东二段沉积体系空间配置研究[J].大地构造与成矿学,2010,34(4):545-553[LüLin,Wang Wenge,Lu Chao,et al.Distribution of paleogene sedi-mentary system of the second member of the Dongying Formation in theQikou sag[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,2010,34(4):545-553]
19曾华霖.重力场与重力勘探[M].北京:地质出版社,2005[Zeng Hualin.Gravity Field and Gravity Exploration[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2005]
20林畅松.沉积盆地的构造地层分析——以中国构造活动盆地研究为例[J].现代地质,2006,20(2):185-194[Lin Changsong.Tectonic stratigraphic analysis of sedimentary basins:a case study onthe inland tectonically active basins in China[J].Geoscience,2006,20(2):185-194]
2赵红格,刘池洋.物源分析方法与研究进展[J].沉积学报,2003,21(3):409-415[Zhao Hongge,Liu Chiyang.Approaches and pros-pects of provenance analysis[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2003,21(3):409-415]
3黄传炎,王华,周立宏,等.北塘凹陷古近系沙河街组三段物源体系分析[J].地球科学-中国地质大学学报,2009,34(6):975-982[Huang Chuanyan,Wang Hua,Zhou Lihong,et al.Provenance sys-tem characters of the third member of Shahejie Formation in the Paleo-gene in Beitang sag[J].Earth Science-Journal of China University ofGeosciences,2009,34(6):975-982]
4齐井顺,李广伟,孙立东,等.徐家围子断陷白垩系营城组四段层序地层及沉积相[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2009,39(6):983-990[Qi Jingshun,Li Guangwei,Sun Lidong,et al.The researchon sequence stratigraphy and sedimentary facies of the member 4 ofYingcheng Formation in Xujiaweizi Depression[J].Journal of Jilin Uni-versity:Earth Science Edition,2009,39(6):983-990]
5吴立群,焦养泉,杨琴,等.鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区延长组物源体系分析[J].沉积学报,2010,28(3):434-440[Wu Liqun,JiaoYangquan,Yang Qin,et al.Provenance system analysis of YanchangFormation in Fuxian area of Ordos basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sin-ica,2010,28(3):434-440]
6王世虎,焦养泉,吴立群,等.鄂尔多斯盆地西北部延长组中下部古物源与沉积体空间配置[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2007,32(2):201-208[Wang Shihu,Jiao Yangquan,Wu Liqun,etal.Spatial combination of paleoprovenance and depositional lobe ofmid-lower Yanchang Formation in the northwest of Ordos basin[J].Earth Science:Journal of China University of Geosciences,2007,32(2):201-208]
7姜在兴,邢焕清,李任伟,等.合肥盆地中—新生代物源及古水流体系研究[J].现代地质,2005,19(2):247-252[Jiang Zaixing,Xing Huanqing,Li Renwei,et al.Research on provenance and Pa-leocurrents in the Meso-Cenozoic Hefei Basin[J].Geoscience,2005,19(2):247-252]
8 Dickinson W R.Interpreting provenance relations from detrital modesof sandstones[J].Provenance of Arenites,1985,148:333-361
9 Morton A,Hurst A.Correlation of sandstones using heavy minerals:anexample from the Statfjord Formation of the Snorre field,northern NorthSea[J].Geological Society Special Publication,1995,89:3-22
10赵俊兴,吕强,李凤杰,等.鄂尔多斯盆地南部延长组长6时期物源状况分析[J].沉积学报,2008,26(4):610-616[ZhaoJunxing,LüQiang,Li Fengjie,et al.Sediment provenance analysisof the Chang 6 oil-bearing interval of Yanchang Formation in the Southof Ordos Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2008,26(4):610-616]
11焦养泉,李珍,周海民.沉积盆地物质来源综合研究——以南堡老第三纪亚断陷盆地为例[J].岩相古地理,1998,18(5):16-20[Jiao Yangquan,Li Zhen,Zhou Haimin.The integated study of sedi-ment sources in sedimentary basins:an example from the Eogene Nan-pu rift subbasin[J].Sedimentary Facies and Palaeogeography,1998,18(5):16-20]
12史春鸿,韩润生,吴鹏,等.滇中牟定地区上白垩统马头山组岩石地球化学及物源属性[J].沉积学报,2011,29(2):303-311[Shi Chunhong,Han Runsheng,Wu Peng,et al.Geochemistry andprovenance of source rock for matoushan Formation rocks(Late Creta-ceous)in the Mouding area,Central Yunnan[J].Acta Sedimentolog-ica Sinica,2011,29(2):303-311]
13 Johnson C M,Winter B L.Provenance analysis of lower Paleozoicquartz arenites of the North American mid-continent region:U-Pb andSm-Nd isotope geochemistry[J].Geological Society of American Bul-letin,1999,111(11):1723-1738
14 Sherlock S C,Jones K A,Jones J A.A central European variscidesource for upper Carboniferous sediments in SW England:40Ar/39Ardetrital white micaages from the forest of Dean basin[J].Journal ofthe Geological Society,2000,157(5):905-908
15 Stevenson R K,Whittaker S,Mountjoy E W.Geochemical and Nd i-sotopic evidence for sedimentary source changes in the Devonian mio-geocline of the southern Canadian cordillere[J].Geological Society ofAmerican Bulletin,2000,112:531-539
16 Taylor S R,McLennan S M.The Continental Crust:Its Compositionand Evolution[M].Oxford Blackwell Scientific Publication,1985
17吴永平,周立宏,王华,等.歧口凹陷层序构成样式的时空差异性研究[J].大地构造与成矿学,2010,34(4):473-483[WuYongping,Zhou Lihong,Wang Hua,et al.Spatiotemporal differencesof sequence architecture styles in the Qikou sag[J].Geotectonica etMetallogenia,2010,34(4):473-483]
18吕琳,王文革,鲁超,等.歧口凹陷古近系东二段沉积体系空间配置研究[J].大地构造与成矿学,2010,34(4):545-553[LüLin,Wang Wenge,Lu Chao,et al.Distribution of paleogene sedi-mentary system of the second member of the Dongying Formation in theQikou sag[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,2010,34(4):545-553]
19曾华霖.重力场与重力勘探[M].北京:地质出版社,2005[Zeng Hualin.Gravity Field and Gravity Exploration[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2005]
20林畅松.沉积盆地的构造地层分析——以中国构造活动盆地研究为例[J].现代地质,2006,20(2):185-194[Lin Changsong.Tectonic stratigraphic analysis of sedimentary basins:a case study onthe inland tectonically active basins in China[J].Geoscience,2006,20(2):185-194]
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