陆相湖盆浅水三角洲沉积体系研究
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摘要
油气勘探实践证明,陆相湖盆浅水三角洲是岩性油气藏勘探的重要目标之一。基于对我国多个陆相湖盆的系统研究,发现陆相湖盆浅水三角洲大量发育于坳陷盆地中,同时断陷盆地萎缩期也可发育。沉积体系特征受地形条件、水体深度、沉积基准面升降旋回、物源供给、气候变化及盆地构造运动6大因素控制。以岩性、垂向沉积相组合、古生物、地震及测井4种浅水三角洲识别标志,将其分为6种成因-结构类型:冲积扇供给物源,发育于断陷湖盆初始裂陷期及前陆湖盆初始形成期的毯式、吉尔伯特式浅水扇三角洲;辫状河供给物源,发育于坳陷湖盆初始形成期的短轴两侧、前陆湖盆和断陷湖盆萎缩充填期的缓坡背景下的毯式、吉尔伯特式辫状河浅水三角洲;曲流河供给物源,发育于坳陷盆地的毯式、吉尔伯特式曲流河浅水三角洲。
In recent years,shallow delta in continental lake basin has been proved to be one of the important targets of exploration for litho-hydrocarbon reservoirs.According to the systematic researches of the continental lake basin in our country,we found that most of the shallow deltas in continental lake basin were developed in the depression basins,a few could also grow in the shrinking period of the signs.Depositional system features are controlled by such 6 factors as terrain condition,water depth,elevation and subsidence of deposition base level,supply of material source,climatic change and the basin tectonic movement.Also,we recognized that the shallow-water delta was affected by 4 kinds of signs.Depending on Postma's Delta classification in 1990,we summed up 6 cause-structure types of shallow delta in continental lake basin.Different division methods are given for both depression basins and basins due to the different sedimentary system features.Rivers,shallow deltas and continental basins together make up the depositio-nal system of shallow delta in continental lake basin,which always form the excellent source-reservoir-seal assemblages.
In recent years,shallow delta in continental lake basin has been proved to be one of the important targets of exploration for litho-hydrocarbon reservoirs.According to the systematic researches of the continental lake basin in our country,we found that most of the shallow deltas in continental lake basin were developed in the depression basins,a few could also grow in the shrinking period of the signs.Depositional system features are controlled by such 6 factors as terrain condition,water depth,elevation and subsidence of deposition base level,supply of material source,climatic change and the basin tectonic movement.Also,we recognized that the shallow-water delta was affected by 4 kinds of signs.Depending on Postma's Delta classification in 1990,we summed up 6 cause-structure types of shallow delta in continental lake basin.Different division methods are given for both depression basins and basins due to the different sedimentary system features.Rivers,shallow deltas and continental basins together make up the depositio-nal system of shallow delta in continental lake basin,which always form the excellent source-reservoir-seal assemblages.
引文
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[4]楼章华,兰翔,卢庆梅.地形、气候与湖面波动对浅水三角洲沉积环境的控制作用:以松辽盆地北部东区葡萄花油层为例[J].地质学报,1999,73(1):82-91.LOU Zhanghua,LAN Xiang,LU Qingmei.Controls of the topography,climate and lake level fluctuation on the depositional enviroment of a shallow-water delta:A case study of the Cretaceous Putaohua reservoir[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,1999,73(1):82-91.
[5]韩晓东,楼章华,姚炎明,等.松辽盆地湖泊浅水三角洲沉积动力学研究[J].矿物学报,2000,20(2):305-312.HAN Xiaodong,LOU Zhanghua,YAO Yanming,et al.Analysis of the sedimentary dynamic process of the shallow-water lake delta in the Songliao basin,northeast China[J].Acta Mineralogica Sinica,2000,20(2):305-312.
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[8]袁选俊,邹才能,贾承造,等.坳陷湖盆大型浅水三角洲成因模式与大面积岩性油气藏勘探[C]//第四届全国沉积学大会论文集.青岛,10月15-19日,2009:252-253.
[9]龙国清,郑俊峰,黄郑,等.宝浪油田侏罗系三工河组浅水辫状河三角洲沉积模式研究[J].河南石油,2002,16(2):4-6.LONG Guoqing,ZHENG Junfeng,HUANG Zheng,et al.Deposition modes of shallow braided river delta in Sangonghe for-mation of Jurassic in Baolang oilfield[J].Henan Petroleum,2002,16(2):4-6.
[10]王家豪,姚光庆,赵彦超.浅水辫状河三角洲发育区短期基准面旋回划分及储层宏观特征分析[J].沉积学报,2004,22(1):87-94.WANG Jiahao,YAO Guagnqing,ZHAO Yanchao.Study on identification of short-term base-level cycle and macroscopic distribution of reservoirs in shallow-water braided delta[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2004,22(1):87-94.
[11]谢辉.浅水粗粒辫状河三角洲沉积微相特征与油气产能的关系:以焉耆盆地宝浪油田为例[J].地球科学与环境学报,2004,26(4):37-40.XIE Hui.Relationships between hydrocarbon productivity and characteristics of shallow-water and coarse grain braided river delta deposit microfacies:Taking Yanqi basin Baolang oilfield as an example[J].Journal of Earth Sciences and Envi-ronment,2004,26(4):37-40.
[12]加东辉,吴小红,赵利昌,等.渤中25-1南油田浅水三角洲各微相粒度特征分析[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2005,25(4):87-94.JIA Donghui,WU Xiaohong,ZHAO Lichang,et al.The grain size analysis for the shallow-water delta microfacies:An example from one well in the Bozhong25-1Southern oil field[J].Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology,2005,25(4):87-94.
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