白驹凹陷泰州组层序地层及沉积特征
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摘要
运用地震、岩心、钻测井和古生物等资料,对苏北盆地白驹凹陷泰州组进行了层序地层和沉积相分析,在泰州组地层中可识别出3个层序界面,划分出2个三级层序(SQ1、SQ2)和4个体系域。根据沉积相标志,在泰州组沉积体中识别出了辫状河三角洲、(曲流河)三角洲及湖泊3种沉积相类型,并进一步划分为8种亚相和17种微相。其中,SQ1沉积于盆地初始断陷期,以发育辫状河三角洲为特征;SQ2低位体系域沉积时期,盆地的拉张作用增加,湖盆范围扩大,(曲流河)三角洲沉积最为发育;SQ2湖侵体系域和高位体系域沉积时期,盆地发育由断陷湖盆转为坳陷湖盆,湖侵体系域湖泊沉积范围最广,主要为半深湖—深湖亚相沉积环境,高位体系域湖平面略有下降,以滨浅湖沉积环境为主。指出白驹凹陷生油层主要发育于SQ2湖侵体系域,其本身又是良好的盖层;而储集层则主要发育在SQ1-SQ2低位体系域以及SQ2高位体系域,之间相互组合形成了2套生储盖组合,生储盖的良好配置使白驹凹陷发育的辫状河三角洲前缘水下分流河道、三角洲前缘水下分流河道、席状砂以及滨浅湖砂滩、砂坝砂体成为有利的油气勘探区。
Using seismic data,drilling core,well logs and paleontology data,the authors studied the sequence stratigraphy and sedimentary facies of Taizhou Formation in Baiju sag of Subei basin,identified three sequence boundaries in Taizhou Formation and divided Taizhou Formation into 2 third-order sequences(SQ1,SQ2) and 4 system tracts.According to sedimentary signatures,the authors recognized three facies types in Taizhou Formation,i.e.,braided-river delta,meandering-river delta and lacustrine facies,which can be subdivided into 8 types of sedimentary subfacies and 17 types of sedimentary microfacies.SQ1 was deposited during the initial faulting period of the basin,characterized by the development of braided-river delta.In the period of the lowstand system tracts of SQ2,the extension of basin was increased,and the area of lake was enlarged,and meandering-river delta was developed.In the period of the transgressive system tracts and high-stand system tracts of SQ2,the development of basin transformed the faulting period into the shrinking period,the area of lake was the biggest and semi-deep and deep lake subfacies were developed in the period of the transgressive system tracts of SQ2,the water-level was declined slightly and shallow-shore lake facies was developed in the period of the high-stand system tracts of SQ2.The main source rocks were developed in the transgressive system tracts of SQ2 which also served as good capping formation.The sand body reservoirs composed of underwater distributary channels of braided-river delta front,underwater distributary channels and sheet sand of meandering-river delta front were developed in the low-stand system tracts of SQ1-SQ2,sandy beach and sandy bar of shallow-shore lake in the high-stand system tracts of SQ2,which constitute the potential areas for oil and gas.
Using seismic data,drilling core,well logs and paleontology data,the authors studied the sequence stratigraphy and sedimentary facies of Taizhou Formation in Baiju sag of Subei basin,identified three sequence boundaries in Taizhou Formation and divided Taizhou Formation into 2 third-order sequences(SQ1,SQ2) and 4 system tracts.According to sedimentary signatures,the authors recognized three facies types in Taizhou Formation,i.e.,braided-river delta,meandering-river delta and lacustrine facies,which can be subdivided into 8 types of sedimentary subfacies and 17 types of sedimentary microfacies.SQ1 was deposited during the initial faulting period of the basin,characterized by the development of braided-river delta.In the period of the lowstand system tracts of SQ2,the extension of basin was increased,and the area of lake was enlarged,and meandering-river delta was developed.In the period of the transgressive system tracts and high-stand system tracts of SQ2,the development of basin transformed the faulting period into the shrinking period,the area of lake was the biggest and semi-deep and deep lake subfacies were developed in the period of the transgressive system tracts of SQ2,the water-level was declined slightly and shallow-shore lake facies was developed in the period of the high-stand system tracts of SQ2.The main source rocks were developed in the transgressive system tracts of SQ2 which also served as good capping formation.The sand body reservoirs composed of underwater distributary channels of braided-river delta front,underwater distributary channels and sheet sand of meandering-river delta front were developed in the low-stand system tracts of SQ1-SQ2,sandy beach and sandy bar of shallow-shore lake in the high-stand system tracts of SQ2,which constitute the potential areas for oil and gas.
引文
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[5]罗怀忠,梁兴,张介辉,等.苏北盆地白驹凹陷油气富集规律与成藏模式[J].天然气工业,2010,30(9):22-24.Luo Huaizhong,Liang Xing,Zhang Jiehui,et al.Hydrocarbonenrichment patterns and pooling modes in Baiju sag,Subei Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2010,30(9):22-24(in Chinese with Englishabstract).
[6]刘长利,朱筱敏,王兴明,等.苏北盆地海安凹陷泰州组层序地层及沉积特征[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2010,40(3):519-526.Liu Changli,Zhu Xiaomin,Wang Xingming,et al.SequenceStratigraphic Framework and Sedimentary Characteristics of TaizhouFormation in Haian Depression of Subei Basin[J].Journal of JilinUniversity(Earth Science Edition),2010,40(3):519-526(in Chinesewith English abstract).
[7]徐田武,王英民,曾溅辉,等.苏北盆地高邮—海安地区晚白垩世泰州组沉积相及物源分析[J].地球学报,2007,28(6):627-634.Xu Tianwu,Wang Yingmin,Zeng Jianhui,et al.Sedimentary faciesand provenance analysis of Late Cretaceous Taizhou Formation inGaoyou-Haian Depression,North Jiangsu(Subei)Basin[J].ActaGeoscientica Sinica,2007,28(6):627-634(in Chinese with Englishabstract).
[8]徐田武,王英,魏水建,等.苏北盆地海安凹陷下白垩统层序地层和沉积相研究[J].天然气地球科学,2008,19(3):351-355.Xu Tianwu,Wang Yingmin,Wei Shuijian,et al.Characteristics andevolution of Late Cretaceous Sequence Stratigraphy andSedimentary Facies in Hai'an Sag[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2008,19(3):351-353(in Chinese with English abstract).
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[14]董国臣,孙景民,张守鹏,等.廊固凹陷古近系层序地层特征及油气储集规律探讨[J].中国地质,2002,29(4):397-400.Dong Guochen,Sun Jingmin,Zhang Shoupeng,et al.Paleogenesequence stratigraphy and oil-gas accumulation in the Langgusubdepression[J].Geology in China,2002,29(4):397-400(inChinese with English abstract).
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[17]靳松,朱筱敏,钟大康.扇三角洲高分辨率层序地层对比及砂体分布规律[J].中国地质,2006,33(1):212-220.Jin Song,Zhu Xiaomin,Zhong Dakang.High-resolution sequencestratigraphic correlation of fan deltas and distribution characteristicsof sandbodies[J].Geology in China,2006,33(1):212-220(inChinese with English abstract).
[18]倪新锋,陈洪德,韦东晓.鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组层序地层格架与油气勘探[J].中国地质,2007,34(1):73-80.Ni Xinfeng,Chen Hongde,Wei Dongxiao.Sequence stratigraphicframework of the Triassic Yancang Formation in the Ordos basinand petroleum exploration[J].Geology in China,2007,34(1):73-80(in Chinese with English abstract).
[19]郭艳琴,李文厚,陈全红,等.陇东地区延长组层序地层特征及油气勘探意义[J].中国地质,2007,34(3):406-413.Guo Yanqin,Li Wenhou,Chen Quanhong,et al.Sequencestratigraphic characteristics of the Yanchang Formation in theLongdong area and their significance for petroleum exploration[J].Geology in China,2007,34(3):406-413(in Chinese with Englishabstract).
[20]苗顺德,李秋芬.黄骅坳陷古近系层序地层格架特征及模式研究[J].中国地质,2008,35(2):256-263.Miao Shunde,Li Qiufen,Ouyang Cheng.Paleogene sequencestratigraphic framework and model in the Huanghua depression[J].Geology in China,2008,35(2):256-263(in Chinese withEnglish abstract).
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