鄂南地区上三叠统延长组层序地层特征及其控藏因素分析
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摘要
以层序地层学理论为指导,综合岩心、钻井、测井及地震资料,将鄂尔多斯盆地南部上三叠统延长组划分为4个三级层序和11个四级层序,建立研究区层序地层格架;分析了层序格架内砂体时空展布特征,认识到储集层受到层序界面的控制,基准面旋回上升半旋回的早中期以及下降半旋回的中晚期砂体为优质储集体,建立了研究区层序地层格架内砂体的发育模式;分析了层序格架内的成藏组合,明确了研究区层序格架内的油气藏特征及分布,指出研究区发育"下生上储"型曲流河三角洲油气藏、"上生下储"型辫状河三角洲油气藏和"上生下储"型或"下生上储"型深水重力流油气藏3种油气藏类型,并对其有利勘探目标进行了预测.
According to the theory and approach of sequence stratigraphy and core,drilling,well-logging,seismic data,the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation of the southern Ordos Basin was divided into 4 third-order sequences and 11 fourth-order sequences,and the sequence stratigraphic framework was established.Based on the analysis of the distribution characteristics of the sandbodies in the sequence stratigraphic framework,it is held that the reservoir is controlled by the sequence boundaries.It is also found that the beneficial reservoirs are the sandbodies in the early to middle stage of rising semi-cycle and the middle to late stage of falling semi-cycle of the base-level cycle.The development mode of the sandbodies in the sequence stratigraphy framework was established.The reservoir-forming combination in sequence stratigraphy framework is analyzed,and the characteristics and distribution of oil and gas reservoirs in the studied area are determined.The study demonstrates that there are three types of the oil-gas reservoirs in this area: "lower generation and upper storage" meandering river delta oil-gas reservoirs,"upper generation and lower storage" braided river delta reservoirs,and "upper generation and lower storage" or "lower generation and upper storage" deep-water gravity flow reservoirs.The beneficial areas in the studied area are forecasted.
According to the theory and approach of sequence stratigraphy and core,drilling,well-logging,seismic data,the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation of the southern Ordos Basin was divided into 4 third-order sequences and 11 fourth-order sequences,and the sequence stratigraphic framework was established.Based on the analysis of the distribution characteristics of the sandbodies in the sequence stratigraphic framework,it is held that the reservoir is controlled by the sequence boundaries.It is also found that the beneficial reservoirs are the sandbodies in the early to middle stage of rising semi-cycle and the middle to late stage of falling semi-cycle of the base-level cycle.The development mode of the sandbodies in the sequence stratigraphy framework was established.The reservoir-forming combination in sequence stratigraphy framework is analyzed,and the characteristics and distribution of oil and gas reservoirs in the studied area are determined.The study demonstrates that there are three types of the oil-gas reservoirs in this area: "lower generation and upper storage" meandering river delta oil-gas reservoirs,"upper generation and lower storage" braided river delta reservoirs,and "upper generation and lower storage" or "lower generation and upper storage" deep-water gravity flow reservoirs.The beneficial areas in the studied area are forecasted.
引文
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[11]陈飞,罗平,张兴阳,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东缘上三叠统延长组砂体结构与层序地层学研究[J].地学前缘,2010,17(1):330-338.CHEN Fei,LUO Ping,ZHANG Xing-yang,et al.Strati-graphic architecture and sequence stratigraphy of Yan-chang Formation Upper Triassic in the eastern margin ofOrdos Basin[J].Earth Science Fronties,2010,17(1):330-338.
[12]杨俊杰,李克勤,宋国初,等.中国石油地质志(卷四)[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1992:62-67.
[13]陈飞,樊太亮,高志前,等.鄂尔多斯盆地南部上三叠统延长组物源方向与沉积体系分析[J].西安石油大学学报:自然科学版,2009,24(6):24-28.CHEN Fei,FAN Tai-liang,GAO Zhi-qian,et al.Deposi-tional systems and provenance direction analysis of Yan-chang Formation of the Upper Triassic in the south OrdosBasin[J].Journal of Xi'an Shiyou University:Natural Sci-ence Edition,2009,24(6):24-28.
[14]宋凯,吕剑文,杜金良,等.鄂尔多斯盆地中部上三叠统延长组物源方向分析与三角洲沉积体系[J].古地理学报,2002,4(3):59-66.SONG Kai,LV Jian-wen,DU Jin-liang,et al.Source direc-tion analysis and delta depositional systems of YanchangFormation of the Upper Triassic in the central Ordos Basin[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2002,4(3):59-66.
[15]杨华,刘显阳,张才利,等.鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组低渗透岩性油藏主控因素及其分布规律岩[J].岩性油气藏,2007,19(3):1-6.YANG Hua,LIU Xian-yang,ZHANG Cai-li,et al.Themain controlling factors and distribution of low permeabili-ty lithologic reservoirs of Triassic Yanchang Formation inOrdos Basin[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2007,19(3):1-6.
[16]李凤杰,王多云,徐旭辉.鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区三叠系延长组储层特征及影响因素分析[J].石油实验地质,2005,27(4):365-370.LI Feng-jie,WANG Duo-yun,XU Xu-hui.The influentialfactors and characteristics of Triassic Yanchang Formationreserviorin Longdong area,Ordos Basin[J].Petroleum Ge-ology&Expeximent,2005,27(4):365-370.
[17]陈飞,王训练,罗平,等.陕北地区上三叠统延长组层序地层格架内岩性油气藏分析[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2009,40(4):1-9.CHEN Fei,WANG Xun-lian,LUO Ping,et al.Analysis oflitho-stratigraphic reservoirs distribution in sequence stra-tigraphic at the upper Triassic Yanchang Formation innorthern Shaanxi[J].Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology,2009,40(4):1-9.
[18]张兴阳,罗平,顾家裕,等.三级基准面旋回内三角洲砂体骨架模型的建立-以陕北安塞三角洲露头为例[J].沉积学报.2006,24(4):540-548.ZHANG Xing-yang,LUO Ping,GU Jia-yu,et al.Establish-ment of the delta sandbody framework model in a 3rd orderbaselevel cycle:taking Shanbei Ansai delta outcrop as ex-ample[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2006,24(4):540-548.
[19]刘化清,袁剑英,李相博,等.鄂尔多斯盆地延长期湖盆演化及其成因分析[J].岩性油气藏,2007,19(1):52-56.LIU Hua-qing,YUAN Jian-ying,LI Xiang-bo,et al.Lakebasin evolution of Ordos Basin during Middle-Late Triassicand its origin analysis[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2007,19(1):52-56.
[20]谢正温,谢渊,王剑,等.鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区延长组主要油层组储层特征[J].石油实验地质,2005,27(6):575-582.XIE Zheng-wen,XIE Yuan,WANG Jian,et al.The reser-voirs charcteristics of Triassic Yanchang Group in Fuxianregion,Ordos Basin[J].Petroleum Geology&Expexi-ment,2005,27(6):575-582.
[21]赵俊兴,李凤杰,申晓莉,等.鄂尔多斯盆地南部长6和长7油层浊流事件的沉积特征及发育模式[J].石油学报,2008,29(3):389-394.ZHAO Jun-xing,LI Feng-jie,SHEN Xiao-li,et al.Sedi-mentary characteristics and development pattern of turbidi-ty event of Chang 6 and Chang 7 oil reservoirs in thesouthern Ordos Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2008,29(3):389-394.
[22]武富礼,王变阳,赵靖舟,等.鄂尔多斯盆地油藏序列特征及成因[J].石油学报,2008,29(5):639-642.WU Fu-li,WANG Bian-yang,ZHAO Jing-zhou,et al.Ori-gin and characteristics of oil pool sequence in Ordos Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2008,29(5):639-642.
[23]许建红,程林松,鲍朋,等.鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组油藏地质特征[J].西南石油大学学报:自然科学版,2007,29(5):13-17.XU Jian-hong,CHENG Lin-song,BAO Peng,et al.Reser-voir characteristics of Yanchang Formation,in Triassic,Or-dos Basin[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University:Science&Technology Edition,2007,29(5):13-17.
[24]邹才能,赵文智,张兴阳,等.大型敞流坳陷湖盆浅水三角洲与湖盆中心砂体的形成与分布[J].地质学报,2008,82(6):813-825.ZOU Cai-neng,ZHAO Wen-zhi,ZHANG Xing-yang,et al.Formation and distribution of shallow-water deltas andcentral-basin sandbodies in large open depression lake ba-sins[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2008,82(6):813-825.
[2]樊太亮,吕延仓,丁明华.层序地层体制中的陆相储层发育规律[J].地学前缘,2000,7(4):315-321.FAN Tai-liang,LV Yan-cang,DING Ming-hua.The regu-larities of formation and distribution of reservoirs in sys-tems of continental sequence stratigraphy[J].Earth Sci-ence Fronties,2000,7(4):315-321.
[3]邓宏文,王红亮,王居峰,等.层序地层构成与层序控砂、控藏的自相似特征:以三角洲-浊积扇体系为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2004,25(5):491-495.DENG Hong-wen,WANG Hong-liang,WANG Ju-feng,etal.Self-similarity of constitution of sequence stratigraphyand distribution of sand-bodies and lithologic reservoirs:taking delta-turbidite fan system as an example[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2004,25(5):491-495.
[4]郑荣才,彭军.陕北志丹三角洲长6油层组高分辨率层序分析与等时对比[J].沉积学报,2002,20(1):92-100.ZHENG Rong-cai,PENG Jun.Analysis and isochronos-tratigraphic correlation of high-resolution sequence stratig-raphy fo Chang-6 oil reservoir set in Zhidan Delta,north-ern Ordos Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2002,20(1):92-100.
[5]Emery D,Myers K.Sequence Stratigraphy[M].Oxford,UK:Blackwell Science,1996.
[6]李凤杰,郑荣才,赵俊兴.鄂尔多斯盆地米兰科维奇旋回在延长组发育的一致性[J].西安石油大学学报:自然科学版,2008,23(5):1-5.LI Feng-jie,ZHENG Rong-cai,ZHAO Jun-xing.Uniformi-ty of the Milankovitch Cycle developed in the YanchangFormation in east Gansu with the Milankovitch Cycle de-veloped in other areas in Ordos Basin[J].Journal of Xi'anShiyou University:Natural Science Edition,2008,23(5):1-5.
[7]丁晓琪,张哨楠,刘岩,等.镇泾区块延长组层序格架内油层分布规律研究[J].西南石油大学学报:自然科学版,2008,30(2):49-53.DING Xiao-qi,ZHANG Shao-nan,LIU Yan,et al.Oil res-ervoir distribution in sequence framework of YangchangFomation,Zhenjing block[J].Journal of Southwest Petro-leum University:Science&Technology Edition,2008,30(2):49-53.
[8]李德生.重新认识鄂尔多斯盆地油气地质学[J].石油勘探与开发,2004.31(6):1-7.LI De-sheng.Return to Petroleum geology of Ordos Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2004,31(6):1-7.
[9]杨明慧,刘池洋,郑孟林,等.鄂尔多斯盆地中晚三叠世两种不同类型边缘层序构成及对构造活动响应[J].中国科学:D辑,2007,37(Ⅰ):173-184.YANG Ming-hui,LIU Chi-yang,ZHANG Meng-lin,et al.Sequence architecture margins of two different types re-sponse to tectonic movement,Middle-later Triassic,OrdosBasin[J].Science in China:Series D,2007,37(Supple-mentⅠ):173-184.
[10]刘池洋.叠合盆地特征及油气赋存条件[J].石油学报,2007,28(1):1-7.LIU Chi-yang.Geologic characteristics and petroleum ac-cumulation conditions of superimposed basins[J].ActaPetrolei Sinica,2007,28(1):1-7.
[11]陈飞,罗平,张兴阳,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东缘上三叠统延长组砂体结构与层序地层学研究[J].地学前缘,2010,17(1):330-338.CHEN Fei,LUO Ping,ZHANG Xing-yang,et al.Strati-graphic architecture and sequence stratigraphy of Yan-chang Formation Upper Triassic in the eastern margin ofOrdos Basin[J].Earth Science Fronties,2010,17(1):330-338.
[12]杨俊杰,李克勤,宋国初,等.中国石油地质志(卷四)[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1992:62-67.
[13]陈飞,樊太亮,高志前,等.鄂尔多斯盆地南部上三叠统延长组物源方向与沉积体系分析[J].西安石油大学学报:自然科学版,2009,24(6):24-28.CHEN Fei,FAN Tai-liang,GAO Zhi-qian,et al.Deposi-tional systems and provenance direction analysis of Yan-chang Formation of the Upper Triassic in the south OrdosBasin[J].Journal of Xi'an Shiyou University:Natural Sci-ence Edition,2009,24(6):24-28.
[14]宋凯,吕剑文,杜金良,等.鄂尔多斯盆地中部上三叠统延长组物源方向分析与三角洲沉积体系[J].古地理学报,2002,4(3):59-66.SONG Kai,LV Jian-wen,DU Jin-liang,et al.Source direc-tion analysis and delta depositional systems of YanchangFormation of the Upper Triassic in the central Ordos Basin[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2002,4(3):59-66.
[15]杨华,刘显阳,张才利,等.鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组低渗透岩性油藏主控因素及其分布规律岩[J].岩性油气藏,2007,19(3):1-6.YANG Hua,LIU Xian-yang,ZHANG Cai-li,et al.Themain controlling factors and distribution of low permeabili-ty lithologic reservoirs of Triassic Yanchang Formation inOrdos Basin[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2007,19(3):1-6.
[16]李凤杰,王多云,徐旭辉.鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区三叠系延长组储层特征及影响因素分析[J].石油实验地质,2005,27(4):365-370.LI Feng-jie,WANG Duo-yun,XU Xu-hui.The influentialfactors and characteristics of Triassic Yanchang Formationreserviorin Longdong area,Ordos Basin[J].Petroleum Ge-ology&Expeximent,2005,27(4):365-370.
[17]陈飞,王训练,罗平,等.陕北地区上三叠统延长组层序地层格架内岩性油气藏分析[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2009,40(4):1-9.CHEN Fei,WANG Xun-lian,LUO Ping,et al.Analysis oflitho-stratigraphic reservoirs distribution in sequence stra-tigraphic at the upper Triassic Yanchang Formation innorthern Shaanxi[J].Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology,2009,40(4):1-9.
[18]张兴阳,罗平,顾家裕,等.三级基准面旋回内三角洲砂体骨架模型的建立-以陕北安塞三角洲露头为例[J].沉积学报.2006,24(4):540-548.ZHANG Xing-yang,LUO Ping,GU Jia-yu,et al.Establish-ment of the delta sandbody framework model in a 3rd orderbaselevel cycle:taking Shanbei Ansai delta outcrop as ex-ample[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2006,24(4):540-548.
[19]刘化清,袁剑英,李相博,等.鄂尔多斯盆地延长期湖盆演化及其成因分析[J].岩性油气藏,2007,19(1):52-56.LIU Hua-qing,YUAN Jian-ying,LI Xiang-bo,et al.Lakebasin evolution of Ordos Basin during Middle-Late Triassicand its origin analysis[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2007,19(1):52-56.
[20]谢正温,谢渊,王剑,等.鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区延长组主要油层组储层特征[J].石油实验地质,2005,27(6):575-582.XIE Zheng-wen,XIE Yuan,WANG Jian,et al.The reser-voirs charcteristics of Triassic Yanchang Group in Fuxianregion,Ordos Basin[J].Petroleum Geology&Expexi-ment,2005,27(6):575-582.
[21]赵俊兴,李凤杰,申晓莉,等.鄂尔多斯盆地南部长6和长7油层浊流事件的沉积特征及发育模式[J].石油学报,2008,29(3):389-394.ZHAO Jun-xing,LI Feng-jie,SHEN Xiao-li,et al.Sedi-mentary characteristics and development pattern of turbidi-ty event of Chang 6 and Chang 7 oil reservoirs in thesouthern Ordos Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2008,29(3):389-394.
[22]武富礼,王变阳,赵靖舟,等.鄂尔多斯盆地油藏序列特征及成因[J].石油学报,2008,29(5):639-642.WU Fu-li,WANG Bian-yang,ZHAO Jing-zhou,et al.Ori-gin and characteristics of oil pool sequence in Ordos Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2008,29(5):639-642.
[23]许建红,程林松,鲍朋,等.鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组油藏地质特征[J].西南石油大学学报:自然科学版,2007,29(5):13-17.XU Jian-hong,CHENG Lin-song,BAO Peng,et al.Reser-voir characteristics of Yanchang Formation,in Triassic,Or-dos Basin[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University:Science&Technology Edition,2007,29(5):13-17.
[24]邹才能,赵文智,张兴阳,等.大型敞流坳陷湖盆浅水三角洲与湖盆中心砂体的形成与分布[J].地质学报,2008,82(6):813-825.ZOU Cai-neng,ZHAO Wen-zhi,ZHANG Xing-yang,et al.Formation and distribution of shallow-water deltas andcentral-basin sandbodies in large open depression lake ba-sins[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2008,82(6):813-825.
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